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Biomedical subjects

M Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to M Fujii.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Criteria for differential diagnosis of complex hyperplasia or beyond in endometrial cytology.

OBJECTIVE: To establish qualitative criteria for diagnosing complex hyperplasia, complex atypical hyperplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma in endometrial cytology. STUDY DESIGN: The frequency of appearance of papillary and arborescent cell clusters and the morphology of type A stromal bundles in arborescent cell clusters were examined in 59 samples of complex hyperplasia, 23 of complex atypical hyperplasia, 77 of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and 40 of normal endometrium. RESULTS: Papillary cell clusters were observed in all samples of hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. The rate of observation of arborescent cell clusters increased proportionately to the progress from complex hyperplasia to complex atypical hyperplasia to well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. No arborescent cell clusters were found in normal endometrium. Primary branching and the number of layers of type A stromal bundles also increased with the progress toward complex hyperplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Secondary and further branching was observed in large numbers in cases of adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION: For detection of complex hyperplasia or lesions beyond it in endometrial cytology, it is important to observe the presence of papillary clusters. For differentiation of the various lesions, it is important to observe the presence of arborescent clusters as well as type A stromata inside the clusters.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental study of hub contamination: effect of a new connection device: the I system.

Experimental studies of hub contamination of intravenous catheters were done comparing the standard connection method (Luer-Lock connector) with a newly invented connection method (I system). Immersion of the connection sites into a bacteria-containing solution showed no bacterial contamination of the medium in any tubing. The second experiment investigated whether bacterial contamination would occur during a tubing change procedure. A high incidence of bacterial contamination was seen with the Luer-Lock connector, but no bacterial contamination occurred with the I system. These experiments suggest that the use of Luer-Lock connectors is associated with a high risk of bacterial contamination during tubing change, but the I system can prevent contamination during tubing change, which cannot be avoided with Luer-Lock connector.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of catheter-related sepsis during parenteral nutrition: effect of a new connection device.

A prospective study was carried out to determine the clinical effect of a newly devised catheter connection method (I system) and piggyback access system. Previous studies have demonstrated that the I system avoided bacterial contamination in vitro during tubing change that Luer-Lock connectors did not. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of this device coupled with a new closed-system piggyback technique for multipurpose access to reduce catheter-related sepsis in clinical practice. Two hundred and thirty patients receiving total parenteral nutrition were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 106) used the I system connector and group L (n = 124) used a Luer-Lock connector. Catheters in both groups were used for multipurpose access for infusion and blood sampling. In group L, a three-way stopcock and/or pig-gyback system was used for multiple access. In group I, a newly designed closed-system piggyback was used. The incidence of catheter-related sepsis was significantly lower in group I (1.89%/catheter) than in group L (12.10%/catheter) (p < .01, chi 2 analysis), and the average duration of use of each catheter was significantly longer in group I than in Group L (p < .01 by generalized Wilcoxon test). The results of this clinical study suggest that the newly designed connection method and piggyback access system are able to reduce catheter-related sepsis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Total parenteral nutrition decreases luminal mucous gel and increases permeability of small intestine.

The distribution of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 70,000 (FITC-dextran) and mucous gel across the lumen of small intestine was observed as an investigation into the role of mucous gel on permeability in total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into two groups fed with either TPN or oral rat food. On day 4 or 7, FITC-dextran (750 mg/kg body weight) was given through the gastroduodenal tube. After 1 hour, blood samples were taken by aortic puncture to analyze plasma FITC-dextran by fluorescence spectrometry. Samples of small intestine with luminal contents were frozen and sectioned in a cryostat for fluorescence microscopy; the same sections were placed in a 0.2% celloidin solution for 3 minutes to preserve mucous gel and stained by periodic acid-Schiff reaction for light microscopy. The plasma level of FITC-dextran after 1 hour of this marker injection showed a significant increase (p < .01) in the TPN group compared with the rat food group on days 4 and 7. Morphologic findings on days 4 and 7 were similar in both the jejunum and ileum: The mucous gel filled the spaces between villi and FITC-dextran centered in the lumen in the rat food group, whereas the mucous gel decreased and FITC-dextran filled the spaces between villi in the TPN group. FITC-dextran and mucous gel showed complementary distributions in both groups. These data suggest that TPN decreases luminal mucous gel and increases permeability of small intestine in rats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of carboxylesterase inhibition on the anti-tumour effects of irinotecan.

Irinotecan (CPT-11) is an important anti-cancer agent activated by carboxylesterase (CE). Treatment with CPT-11 may be associated with severe adverse effects, however, so determining the optimal dose would greatly benefit patients. We investigated the relationship between the anti-tumour effects of CPT-11 and CE concentration using bis-p-nitrophenylphosphate (BNPP), a specific inhibitor of CE, in nude mice with xenograft tumours. Initial experiments showed that the optimal dose of CPT-11 was 100 mg/kg. This dose was then used to study the anti-tumour effects of CPT-11 with and without BNPP. A direct correlation was found between the dose of administered BNPP and the growth rate of the tumour, demonstrating that the anti-tumour effects of CPT-11 were related to the CE concentration. Measuring the concentration of CE may allow the optimum dose of CPT-11 to be determined, opening up the possibility of individualized chemotherapy programmes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study of long intestinal tube for decompression of obstructive left colon cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently, several reports have recommended primary resection, rather than a staged operation, for obstructive left colon cancer. However pre-operative decompression is important for reducing complications and improving the curability of primary resection. Among the many pre-operative decompression strategies reported, we selected the long intestinal tube and evaluated the effectiveness of this convenient strategy. METHODOLOGY: A long intestinal tube was inserted pre-operatively for decompression in 27 of 29 patients undergoing resection for obstructive left colon cancer (1991-1995). We retrospectively studied the clinical features (responders vs. non-responders) of the 27 patients. We also compared these 27 with 26 other pre-1990 patients, who did not receive pre-operative decompression, in term of post-operative morbidity. RESULTS: Twelve of the 27 patients were responders; success rate 44.4%. There were no blood profile differences between responders and non-responders, but the time from bowel movement cessation to intestinal tube insertion was 3 days or less in all responders but 4 days or more in non-responders (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the rate of post-operative morbidity between those with and without pre-operative decompression. CONCLUSIONS: Decompression is likely to be successful, allowing elective primary resection, when initiated within 3 days of bowel movement cessation. However, more than 4 days post-onset, other decompression methods or emergency surgery is necessary.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Left hepatic trisegmentectomy for intraductal papillary cholangiocarcinoma: report of a case.

We present a rare case of intraductal papillary cholangiocarcinoma in a 69 year-old man which was treated with left hepatic trisegmentectomy. The hepatic bile ducts were dilated by intraductal masses, which had extended into the intrahepatic bile ducts without involvement of the posterior inferior segmental duct (B6). The patient underwent left hepatic trisegmentectomy with hilar duct resection. The tumors in the posterior superior segmental duct (B7) were resected and biliary reconstruction was performed with a jejunal loop. Post-operative recovery was good, and the patient survived for 7 months after surgery.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cystic hamartoma of the renal pelvis: imaging features.

We report a case of a 50-year-old woman with histologically proven cystic hamartoma of the renal pelvis, focusing on the imaging findings and pathologic features. A large multicystic tumor with solid components in the left kidney was enhanced on both contrast-enhanced CT and gadolinium-enhanced MR images. Angiographic images showed irregular tumor vessels with moderate tumor stain.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathological analyses of advanced colorectal cancers of different sizes--especially those of 20 mm or less in diameter.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Many small cancers of the flat type can now be detected, and many advanced cancers of the flat type have been discovered. In this study, to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of small advanced cancers, advanced cancers of 20 mm or less in diameter were compared with those of other sizes. METHODOLOGY: Patients with advanced colorectal cancer (n = 865) were divided into four groups on the basis of cancer diameter as follows: Group A (20 mm or less), 21 patients; Group B (21-60 mm), 581 patients; Group C (61-100 mm), 215 patients; and Group D (101 mm or more), 48 patients. These groups were compared for various clinicopathological findings. RESULTS: The depth of invasion was muscularis propria in 14 cases and subserosa in 7 cases. In Group A, cancer was histologically well-differentiated in 8 cases, moderately differentiated in 12 cases, and mucinous in one case. Six cases (28.6%) in Group A had lymph node metastasis (N1). In Group A, one patient had multiple liver metastasis and all of the other cases were assessed as R0 resection. CONCLUSIONS: Most small advanced colorectal cancers of 20 mm or less in diameter can be regarded as quasi-early cancers, but some have the potential for high malignancy, and for these, reduction surgery cannot be used.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection in gastric cancer: a retrospective study at a single institution.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer with lymph node (LN) dissection and the significance of D2 dissection by investigating surgical techniques and prognosis. Three hundred ninety patients with early cancer and 310 with advanced cancer underwent gastrectomy with D1 or D2 dissection, based on the presence or absence of LN metastasis determined pre- and intraoperatively. LN metastasis occurred in 10.5% of early gastric cancer patients, and several cases of advanced cancer were found to have N2 or more advanced metastasis. The pre- and intraoperative macroscopic findings accorded with histological grade of LN metastasis in 69.5% of early cancers and in 56.5% of advanced cancer patients. The false negativity rate was 6.8% in early cancer, 19.4% in advanced cancer, and 8.4% as a whole. Death was operation-related in only two cases and the operative mortality rate was low (0.29%). The 5-year survival rates in early and advanced gastric cancer were 95.8% and 67.6% in the D1 groups, respectively, and 100% and 89.5% in the D2 groups, respectively. Survival was better in the D2 groups than in the D1 groups (P < 0.0001 for early cancer, P = 0.0279 for advanced cancer). D2 dissection should be conducted positively for patients with LN metastasis.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antitumor effects of 3-[p-(N,N-bis-(2'-chloroethyl)amino)-phenyl]-L- alanine conjugated with human immunoglobulin (K18).

K18 (3-[p-(N,N-bis(2'-chloroethyl)amino)- phenyl]-L-alanine conjugated with human immunoglobulin) is a newly developed antitumor agent. LD50 values of K18 in animals were quite high, suggesting its low acute toxicity. This drug showed anti-tumorigenicity not only on an experimental animal tumor (Walker 256), but also on a human tumor transplantable into nude mice (RCC-13). A distribution study clarified the unique properties of K18 to accumulate and remain in the tumor site with a high rate.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antitumor effect of K18 on metastatic models.

K18 is a newly synthesized antitumor agent which is the conjugate form of human immunoglobulin with p-di (2-chloroethyl)-amino-L-phenylalamine (melphalan). The antitumor effect of K18 on two animal metastatic models was investigated: (a) Lewis lung carcinoma was transplanted into thigh muscle of mice, followed by the reaction of the primary lesion, or the tumor was transplanted through the tail vein: (b) a renal model was also created, where colon-26 was inoculated into the renal capsule of BALB/c mice. Oral administration of K18 resulted in the decrease in the number of nodules in the lung in the case of tumor transplantation through tail vein.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of PSK on the serum level of immunosuppressive substance in splenectomized rats.

Tumor-bearing rats with and without splenectomy were used for an immunological study on the effects of PSK, an immunomodulator, with respect to the survival rate and serum level of immunosuppressive (IS) substance. There was no significant difference in survival rates between the tumor-resected and tumor-resected-plus-splenectomy groups. The IS substance level in the former group was higher than that in the latter group. Normalization of IS substance level and prolongation of survival were observed in the group administered PSK. PSK can be effective in combination with surgical treatment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo antineoplastic activity of mouse or human IgG conjugated with melphalan.

IgG of normal female ICR mice was obtained and covalently conjugated with an alkylating agent, melphalan. The conjugate exhibited marked antitumor activities against Sarcoma 180 and Erhlich carcinoma cells inoculated subcutaneously into ICR mice. Based upon this experiment, melphalan was conjugated with human IgG. Antitumor activities of the conjugate, named K18, were tested against a variety of murine tumor cell lines in vivo. Additionally, K18 was tested in vivo against MX-1, MK-2 and LC-10 human tumor cell lines (of the breast, stomach, and lung respectively). The results showed antineoplastic activities on both murine and human tumor cell lines, thus indicating a possible new antitumor agent.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic diagnosis of male breast cancer with nipple discharge. A case report.

The cytologic findings in a nipple discharge from a male patient with breast cancer are described. Malignant epithelial cells and cell clusters believed to be derived from ductal carcinoma were observed. The subsequent mastectomy specimen contained a ductal carcinoma with minute foci of stromal invasion.

Breast↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tumor and tissue distribution of 125I-labeled natural and antitumor antibodies in murine experimental tumor systems.

The binding and tissue distribution of 125I-labeled rabbit anti-sarcoma 180 (S-180) immunoglobulin G (IgG) (RAS-180G), normal rabbit IgG (NRG) and ICR mouse IgGs from normal (NMG) and S-180-bearing ICR mice (AS-180G) were studied in ICR mice bearing S-180. 125I-labelled IgGs preparted from normal (NC57G) or Adenocarconoma 755 (Ca 755)-bearing C57BL/6 mice (A755G) were also examined in C57BL/6 mice bearing ca755. Not only RAS-180G and AS-180G but also NRG and NMG persisted in the tumor site. This result suggests that allogeneic natural IgG could be used as a carrier protein for antitumor agents.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative study of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein molecular variants in ascitic fluid of cancer and non-cancer patients.

alpha 1-Acid glycoproteins (alpha 1-AG) were collected from the ascites of patients with liver cirrhosis or liver cancer, respectively, and their physical, chemical, and biological properties were compared. The substance obtained from patients with liver cancer showed a 2-3 times higher inhibitory effect on [3H]thymidine uptake by human peripheral lymphocytes stimulated with PHA than that obtained from patients with cirrhosis. The two substances showed differences in their affinity to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A (Con A). Of the fractions obtained by lectin affinity chromatography, the Con-A bound fraction showed the greatest lymphocyte proliferation inhibitory activity. The alpha 1-AG levels were elevated in both the patients with cancer and those with infectious disease, but the level of the Con-A bound fraction was elevated only in those with cancer. This study suggests that the molecular variants of alpha 1-AG differ in their carbohydrate structure with the disease, and that the cellular immunity of the host way be partially controlled by changes in the content of these molecular variants.

Ascitic Fluid↗