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Biomedical subjects

M Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to M Fujii.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effects of mitomycin-C and etoposide in cell culture and in nude mice: the role of G-CSF mutein.

The combination of mitomycin-C and etoposide showed synergistic cell kill effects in vitro against HEp-2 laryngeal squamous carcinoma cells both in monolayer and in multicellular tumor spheroid systems. This combination was also synergistic in inhibiting HEp-2 tumors growing in nude mice. One course of this combination produced no complete regression of this tumor. When these two agents were combined with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mutein, the doses of the drugs could be escalated approximately 1.5-fold higher than the doses that were tolerated without G-CSF support. With this modest dose intensification, apparent cure was observed. High-dose mitomycin-C plus etoposide with G-CSF support may be useful for the treatment of patients with inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Incidence of anemia in women in fishing villages.

Studies were made on the incidence of anemia among women in fishing villages in Tokushima prefecture. In 839 women in the fishing villages, the mean values for hemoglobin (Hb) and the hematocrit (Ht) were 12.5 +/- 1.3 g/dl and 37.9 +/- 3.3%, respectively, and the incidence of anemia was 20.1%. The incidence of anemia was high in elderly women. In 158 women in the fishing villages, the mean serum level of iron was 80.0 +/- 41.6 micrograms/dl and the incidences of iron deficiency anemia in the women with serum iron levels of under 50 and 70 micrograms/dl were as high as 25.9 and 41.1%, respectively. Almost all women with Hb values of under 11.0 g/dl had iron-deficiency anemia. The mean values for the total iron binding capacity (TIBC), unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) and percentage iron saturation, were 365.6 +/- 65.1, 286.3 +/- 92.8 micrograms/dl and 23.3 +/- 13.0%, respectively. The incidence of anemia was 40.0% in the women with percentage iron saturation value of under 20%.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Influence of living conditions on the incidence of anemia and effects of health guidance and diet supplementation on recovery from anemia of women in fishing villages.

Studies were made on the relationship between the incidence of anemia and living conditions of women in fishing villages in Tokushima prefecture, and also on the effects of health guidance and supplementation of the diet with iron enriched food on recovery from anemia. With regard to economic conditions, Hb values were found to be higher in women who spent more money on food and who had much leisure time compared with working hours. With regard to diet, Hb values were higher in women with higher intakes of animal protein and vitamin C. Intake of vitamin C was significantly higher in a group with hemoglobin value of over 12.0 g/dl than in a group with hemoglobin value of under 12.0 g/dl. The cumulative recovery rate from anemia of women receiving health guidance was 61.5% and the cumulative recovery rate from anemia of women receiving Tsukudani (a preparation of small dried sardines) enriched with iron for 60 to 105 days (30 to 75 mg iron per day: average 59.3 mg per day) was 53.3%. But the recovery rate of serum iron was lower than those of Hb and Ht, being about 40% on the average.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Study on digestibility and energy availability of pulses (peanuts and kidney beans) in men.

Four male Japanese students were fed a semisynthetic diet that included rice and whole eggs as protein sources for seven days (basal diet period), and in the following seven days (test diet periods), peanuts and then, kidney beans replaced part of the sugar in the basal diet. Urine and feces were collected throughout the periods and the contents of nitrogen, fat and energy in these excreta were determined. The results obtained were: 1) Digestibility of protein was 95.1 +/- 7.9% for peanuts and 84.8 +/- 3.7% for kidney beans. 2) Digestibility of fat was 83.5 +/- 8.5% for peanuts and 82.4 +/- 9.1% for kidney beans 3) The ratio of the total available energy to intake energy (Net Energy Availability) was 86.1 +/- 6.3% for peanuts and 84.8 +/- 3.1% for kidney beans.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Neoadjuvant chemotherapy effective for small cell lung cancer in a nephrectomized patient].

A 67-year-old man, who was nephrectomized due to renal cell cancer 4 years ago, was admitted to examine a mass shadow in the right middle lung field. He was diagnosed as small cell lung cancer with TBLB. Because of impaired renal function, he was treated with CBDCA (300 mg/m2, day 1), THP (30 mg/m2, day 1) and oral etoposide (25 mg/body, for 21 days) without any renal complications. After 3 courses of chemotherapy, the lung CT showed scar lesion despite the disappearance on the chest X-ray, and a right lower lobectomy was performed. Malignant cells remained in the scar lesion, but not in the lymph nodes. These findings suggested the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This newly-designed chemotherapy procedure is necessary for patients with renal complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Nutritional assessment of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis].

Nutritional status was assessed in 214 CAPD patients from eight centers in Japan. All patients were receiving adequate dialysis, as indicated by KT/Vurea and Karnofsky's activity scale. Subjective global assessment indicated that 25% of 83 female patients and 27% of 131 male patients were, at least, moderately malnourished. Mid-arm muscle circumference was lower in malnourished male patients than in well-nourished patients, however, in female patients none of the anthropometric variables reflected nutritional status. Lower serum albumin level was observed in malnourished male patients, but not in female patients. Daily protein intake, estimated from protein catabolic rate (PCR) was approximately 0.8 g/Kg BW in both males and females. This value is similar to those reported in literatures for CAPD patients. In our well-rehabilitated patients, PCR did not reflect the nutritional status as indicated by subjective global assessment. The data suggest that low protein intake was not always the major cause of malnutrition in these patients and that other factors, such as endocrine disorder, may also have contributed to malnutrition.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: assessment with high-resolution computed tomography.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and it has a close bearing on the prognosis of RA patients. Computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be excellent for the diagnosis of diffuse lung disease. In this study chest radiographs and high-resolution CT (HRCT) scans were obtained in 91 patients with RA to evaluate their ILD precisely. By HRCT 43 patients could be diagnosed as having interstitial pneumonitis (IP), and 5 could be diagnosed as having bronchiolitis. The remaining 43 patients were normal by HRCT. Chest radiographic findings were consistent with the HRCT findings in approximately 50% of patients with IP. HRCT was superior to chest radiographs for the detection of early interstitial changes. The histogram of HRCT values might be a useful adjunct to HRCT diagnosis by adding some degree of objectivity. HRCT is useful for the diagnosis of ILD in patients with RA.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Multiple primary lung cancers: radiographic and bronchoscopic diagnosis.

The article reports a review of 1140 cases of primary lung cancer diagnosed between 1974 and 1987 (13-year period) to examine the clinicopathologic features of multiple primary lung cancer. The following criteria were used: There were no malignant tumors in other organs; the tumors were separate or located in different lobes; the tumors were of different histologic types; if the histologic types were similar, there was no carcinoma in the common lymphatics of any tumors and no extrapulmonary metastases at the time of diagnosis. The following results were obtained. The incidence was 1.2% (14 of 1140 cases); 11 patients were heavy smokers; the most common histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma, and the combination of two squamous cell carcinomas was most common; 12 cases were bilateral, and 11 cases were synchronous; 19 tumors were diagnosed by bronchoscopic biopsy; 9 patients with bilateral tumors received chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Polyclonal activation of human lymphocytes and induction of cytotoxic lymphocytes by streptococcal preparations.

Polyclonal activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) in vitro by preparations of Streptococcus pyogenes Su strain (OK-432) and other heat-killed strains was investigated. The streptococcal preparations tested induce a proliferative response of PBLs via interleukin-2 (IL-2)-independent pathways. The proliferative response is accompanied by the generation of lymphoblastic cells (LBCs), which consist of heterologous lymphocyte populations: CD4+ helper type of T cells, and CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) lymphocytes, including both CD3+ TcR gamma + T cells and CD2+CD3- immature type of T or non-T cell type of lymphocytes. Almost all the LBCs express Leu19, TfR (transferrin receptor), LFA-1 and CD38 (OKT10) antigens, which are expressed on activated T cells, NK cells and some other lymphocytes. The proliferative response of human PBLs is also accompanied by the generation of potent cytotoxic activity against NK-sensitive and -resistant targets. C-dependent cytolysis and cell sorting experiments of OK-432-activated LBCs revealed that both CD3+ and CD3- types of CD4-CD8- DN lymphocytes, but not CD4+ helper T cells, may be major populations responsible for the cytotoxicity induced. On the other hand, CD4-CD8- T cells may be required for the proliferation of PBLs and generation of cytotoxic effector cells. These results suggest that the OK-432 and other streptococcal preparations stimulate the human PBLs in vitro to induce the proliferation/activation of CD4+ T cells, mediating the following generation of DN cytotoxic effector lymphocytes.

DNA Replication↗
PubMed1992

Changes in the markers related to collagen synthesis in the liver of chronically alcohol treated rats.

In order to clarify the roles of Ito cells in the development of alcoholic fibrosis, markers related to collagen synthesis in the liver were analyzed in chronically alcohol treated rats. The livers were obtained from rats fed a diet containing alcohol (alcohol group) and those fed a control diet (control group) for 4 weeks. Prolyl hydroxylase (PH) activity in the whole liver tissue did not differ in the alcohol and control groups. However, the activity in the isolated Ito cells was significantly higher in the alcohol group than in the control group. Immunoreactive PH beta-subunit contents in the liver and serum were significantly higher in the alcohol group than in the control group. Hydroxyproline contents in the liver did not differ in either groups. Immunohistochemically, type IV collagen and laminin were clearly stained along with the sinusoid in the livers of the alcohol group. However, the staining reactions were very weak in the control group. Staining reactions to types I and III collagen were very weak or almost absent in the livers of both groups. Desmin-positive cells, along with the sinusoid, increased significantly in the alcohol group, especially at the centrilobular area, suggesting that the number of Ito cell increase in the centrilobular areas of the alcohol treated rats. These results suggest that type IV collagen and laminin synthesis increase in the Ito cells of chronically alcohol treated rats, although clear evidence of hepatic fibrosis was not obtained. This increase may be related to capillarization of the sinusoids and finally to the development of perisinusoidal fibrosis in alcoholics.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Time trends of HBsAg prevalence among blood donors in Fukuoka, Japan.

We examined time trends of the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among blood donors at the Fukuoka Red Cross Blood Center, Japan, during 1977-88. As was expected, a marked but artificial decrease in the HBsAg prevalence attributable to a notification program was detected. The seropositivities among males were uniformly higher than those among females. About 1% absolute rate decrease (approximately 50% relative rate reduction) was found among young donors aged 16-19 in seven years before the notification schedule. An age effect closely related to self-selection due to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was demonstrated in the declining trends according to the advance of age. A remarkable birth cohort effect was also observed for both sexes. These data undoubtedly indicate that there were medical/iatrogenic factors as well as natural (sanitary/socioeconomic/nutritional) factors causing the reduction of chronic HBV infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Preliminary evidence for a postsynaptic action of beta-bungarotoxin in mammalian skeletal muscle.

Two hours after treatment with beta-bungarotoxin (0.34-0.4 microM), when there was complete neuromuscular block, the peak contracture response to 50 microM succinylcholine was significantly reduced by about 35% in the mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation. Additionally, significant phospholipase A2 activity was detected on primary cell cultures from skeletal muscle which were incubated for 2 hr with concentrations of beta-bungarotoxin greater than or equal to 0.1 microM. Thus, beta-bungarotoxin appears to have pharmacologically and biochemically detectable postsynaptic actions in mammalian muscle systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Axons from the olfactory bulb transplanted into the cerebellum form synapses with dendrites in the granular layer, as demonstrated by mouse allelic form of Thy-1 and electron microscopy.

Transplant-to-host axon projection and synapse formation from the olfactory bulb (OB) transplant to the host cerebellum were studied using the mouse allelic form of Thy-1 (AKR strain of Thy-1.1 was used as host and BALB/c strain of Thy-1.2 as graft). Thy-1.2 immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination showed that numerous OB axons elongate into the cerebellar granular layer and form asymmetrical synapses there with dendrites of host origin (perhaps of the host granule neuron). Factors which support this mismatched synapse formation are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Interaction of HTLV-1 Tax1 with p67SRF causes the aberrant induction of cellular immediate early genes through CArG boxes.

Tax1 of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a transcriptional activator for viral gene expression and is also a transforming protein through inducing the expression of several cellular genes under the control of mitogenic signals. We identified the CArG boxes as a Tax1-responsive cis-acting element for the cellular immediate early genes c-fos, egr-1, and egr-2. Using a chimeric protein consisting of the CArG-binding factor p67SRF and the heterologous DNA-binding domain of a yeast transcription factor GAL4, we demonstrated that Tax1 activates the transcriptional activity of p67SRF through the GAL4-binding site. The carboxy-terminal half of p67SRF, which lacks domains for DNA-binding, dimerization, and ternary complex formation with p62TCF, was sufficient for the activation by Tax1. Tax1 produced in Escherichia coli bound p67SRF in vitro. The complex formation in vivo was also indicated by the finding that the acidic activation domain of VP16, by fusion to p67SRF, can complement the transcriptional activation function of a mutant Tax1 in trans. Thus, Tax1 activates CArG-mediated transcription without mitogenic signals through interaction with a CArG-binding factor, p67SRF. This must be one of the primary steps by which Tax1 causes aberration in growth control of the infected cells.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Marked eosinophilia induced by nafamostat mesilate, an anticoagulant in a hemodialysis patient.

A 61-year-old Japanese female on hemodialysis developed marked eosinophilia induced by nafamostat mesilate as an anticoagulant for hemodialysis. This is the first case of hypereosinophilic syndrome induced by nafamostat mesilate in a hemodialysis patient. The elevated eosinophil counts (51,900/mm3) are the highest for hemodialysis-associated eosinophilia. This eosinophilia was eliminated after cessation of nafamostat mesilate. We confirmed that the cause of this eosinophilia was nafamostat mesilate by using the challenge test.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1992

Effect of hypertension and hypertrophy on coronary microvascular pressure.

We tested the hypothesis that transmural differences in coronary microvascular pressures may be greater in the setting of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. Epicardial and endocardial microvascular pressures were measured in isolated lidocaine-arrested hearts during adenosine vasodilation. In both normotensive (n = 19) and hypertensive (one clip, one kidney, n = 10) dogs, microvascular pressures in endocardial arterioles at 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 mm Hg of left main coronary perfusion pressures were lower than in epicardial arterioles (p less than 0.05 at all perfusion pressures). The pressures in epicardial arterioles as a percentage of the left main coronary perfusion pressure were similar in normotensive versus hypertensive hearts at all perfusion pressures. In contrast, the pressures in endocardium at 90 and 100 mm Hg of perfusion pressure were significantly (p less than 0.05) lower in dogs with hypertension and hypertrophy than in the controls (41 +/- 4 versus 50 +/- 2 and 40 +/- 4 versus 50 +/- 3 mm Hg at 90 and 100 mm Hg of perfusion pressure, respectively). Thus, there is a greater transmural resistance to microvascular perfusion in hearts with myocardial hypertrophy secondary to hypertension. This is likely due to differences in the vascular anatomy, secondary to hypertension and hypertrophy, and may contribute to vulnerabilities in subendocardial ischemia encountered in this condition.

Animals↗