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Biomedical subjects

M Fuchs

Publications and source records attributed to M Fuchs.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Integrated imaging of neuromagnetic reconstructions and morphological magnetic resonance data.

New neuromagnetic imaging methods provide spatial information about the functional electrical properties of complex current distributions in the human brain. For practical use in medical diagnosis a combination of the abstract neuromagnetic imaging results with magnetic resonance (MR) or computed tomography (CT) images of the morphology is required. The biomagnetic images can be overlayed onto three-dimensional morphological images with spatially arbitrary selectable slices, calculated from conventional 2D data. For the current reconstruction the 3D images furthermore provide a priori information about the conductor geometry. A combination of current source density calculations and linear estimation methods for handling the inverse magnetic problem allows quick imaging of impressed current source density in arbitrary volume conductors.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1991

A modular approach to multichannel magnetometry.

A 19-channel SQUID system for biomagnetic measurements has been developed. This system differs from standard instruments in its modular approach. Various gradiometers can be coupled to the SQUIDs, the cryogenic system allows the exchange of single channels and the electronics is based on a cassette system. Problems with thermal insulation, vibrations of the gradiometers and tilted gradiometer geometries are discussed and solutions are presented.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1991

Complete nucleotide sequence and genetic organization of grapevine fanleaf nepovirus RNA1.

The nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA1, 7342 nucleotides (nt) of grapevine fanleaf virus strain F13 (GFLV-F13) has been determined from cDNA clones. The complete sequence contained only one long open reading frame (ORF) of 6852 nucleotides extending from nucleotide 243 to 7101. The putative polyprotein encoded by this ORF is 2284 amino acids in length with an Mr of 253K. The location of genome-linked protein and comparison of the primary structure of the 253K polyprotein to that of other closely related viral proteins of the picronavirus-like family allows the proposal of a scheme for the genetic organization of GFLV-F13 RNA1. The primary structure of the polyprotein includes a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of 92K and a cysteine protease of 25K. This protease shares not only major structural homologies, particularly in the substrate-binding pocket, with the trypsin-like serine proteases of other picorna-like viruses, but also their specificity in terms of cleavage. The large region of Mr 133K upstream of the VPg was found to contain at least two domains, one of which could be easily aligned with the NTP-binding sequence pattern and another which may have the characteristics of a protease cofactor. Thus, the 253K protein possesses the same general genetic organization as the corresponding protein of other picorna-like viruses.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Sonographic assessment of gliding characteristics and gliding bed of the Achilles tendon following surgery].

A bilateral comparative ultrasound evaluation of 55 patients 1-10 years after unilateral Achilles tendon rupture showed that glide was reduced by varying degrees in the tendon in a dynamic evaluation. Disturbed tendon glide was often the cause of persistent disability. In the evaluation of the glide characteristics it was helpful to allocate patients to three categories, structural changes in the tendon bed also being taken into consideration. According to this classification, 56% of the Patients had either good or only slightly reduced glide characteristics, whilst 42% demonstrated severe reductions. It was striking that it was not so much alterations in the tendon itself, but rather changes in the tendon bed that had the more deleterious effects on glide characteristics.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1991

[Disorders of wound healing of the sacral cavity after abdomino-perineal resection of the rectum].

In 95 patients it was necessary to perform abdominoperineal resection and colostomy due to malignant tumours of the rectum, the anus, as well as gynaecological tumours. After standardized preoperative preparation and comparable operative techniques in more than 93 per cent of the cases we performed suction drainage of the sacral cavity. In 86 per cent we observed primary perineal wound closure and the patients were spared lengthy secondary wound healing.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The dynamic hip screw for the management of per- and subtrochanteric femoral fractures].

A total of 125 patients with pertrochanteric or subtrochanteric fractures were treated by means of internal fixation with dynamic hip screws (DHS), and 77 were reviewed both clinically and radiologically after an average period of 29 months (6-69 months). This study included group A 2 fractures (with a large lesser trochanter fragment) and group A 3 fractures (pertrochanteric region) according to the ASIF classification, and also fractures of the proximal femoral shaft. With proper surgical technique only 5 cases of early infection (4%) were recorded. Early mobilization of these patients was possible owing to stable implants. There were 7 patients (5.6%) who died while still in hospital. Of the 77 patients in whom follow-up was possible, 76 had results falling in the very good or good categories according to the Merle d'Aubigné scheme. During this follow-up period 3 cases of implant fracture were encountered. In all other cases progression to bone union was uneventful. These results show that the use of DHS is a reliable method of stabilizing unstable pertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Corrective osteotomy for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome in malaligned healed fractures of the distal radius].

This report deals with 12 patients with fractures of the distal radius that healed with malpositioning with dorsal sinking of the articular surface. This malalignment was followed in all patients by a compression syndrome of the median nerve. All patients underwent an osteotomy by the dorsal approach to correct this malalignment of the distal radius. The carpal ligament was not released simultaneously. In 11 patients a significant reduction in the typical night pain was noticed. Normal or almost normal sensitivity was achieved within the first 2 months (2 weeks to 4 months). Only in one patient was release of the carpal ligament necessary after 6 months, because the osteotomy had no effect on the pain. In the follow-up examination after 6 years, significantly better wrist function was noticed in all patients, and 11 had normal function of the median nerve. In only one patient with moderate loss of sensitivity still present, although these was an obvious significant reduction in pain. In this patient the osteotomy was performed very late (after 10 months). Thus, an osteotomy by the dorsal approach has the advantage of restoring normal function of both the wrist and median nerve.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Knee puncture via a closed system].

Punctures of the joints, particularly the knee joint are performed quite often in every day practice. There are relatively simple procedures and carry a very low rate of infection. Infections of the joint space secondary to joint punctures are rare but catastrophic when they do occur. This new method of joint puncture operates in a closed system and provides the possibility of intraarticular administration of drugs, an act which will help to reduce the chances of infection after joint punctures or operations.

Drainage↗
PubMed1990

Skeletal transfixation in treatment of comminuted fractures of the distal end of the radius in the elderly.

Ninety-five patients (71 females and 24 males), average age, 69 years (35-92 years), with comminuted distal radial fractures were treated with transfixation wires (Kirschner wires) through the bases of metacarpals II-V and an above-elbow plaster cast. Two cases of early infections and four of Sudeck's dystrophy (4.2%) were encountered. Followup studies which lasted an average of 24 months (9-50 months) could be conducted on 77 patients. Using Sarmiento's ratings 27 patients fell into the very good category, 44, good, eight, fair, and two, poor. Although most of the cases were of the comminuted intra-articular fracture types, good results were achieved with this simple and quite straightforward method.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

RNA2 of grapevine fanleaf virus: sequence analysis and coat protein cistron location.

The nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA2 (3774 nucleotides) of grapevine fanleaf virus strain F13 was determined from overlapping cDNA clones and its genetic organization was deduced. Two rapid and efficient methods were used for cDNA cloning of the 5' region of RNA2. The complete sequence contained only one long open reading frame of 3555 nucleotides (1184 codons, 131K product). The analysis of the N-terminal sequence of purified coat protein (CP) and identification of its C-terminal residue have allowed the CP cistron to be precisely positioned within the polyprotein. The CP produced by proteolytic cleavage at the Arg/Gly site between residues 680 and 681 contains 504 amino acids (Mr 56019) and has hydrophobic properties. The Arg/Gly cleavage site deduced by N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis is the first for a nepovirus coat protein and for plant viruses expressing their genomic RNAs by polyprotein synthesis. Comparison of GFLV RNA2 with M RNA of cowpea mosaic comovirus and with RNA2 of two closely related nepoviruses, tomato black ring virus and Hungarian grapevine chrome mosaic virus, showed strong similarities among the 3' non-coding regions but less similarity among the 5' end non-coding sequences than reported among other nepovirus RNAs.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Continuous hemodilution using a low-molecular hydroxyethyl starch solution. Pilot studies in patients with acute cerebral ischemia].

The intention of this study was to examine whether it is possible to induce an acute and long-time hemodilution by a 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch solution (HES 40). This study was investigated in 30 patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Primarily a isovolemic infusion of HES 40 was made in order to reduce the hematocrit nearly 40%. Secondly, a hypervolemic infusion of 1,000 ml/24 h followed during 4 days. Then 500 ml/24 h for the next 6 days, respectively. The neurological staging was estimated by special scores, the rheological effects by changing of values of hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma viscosity, number of blood cells, concentration of total plasma protein and fibrinogen concentration. It can be stated that HES 40 induced a significant acute and long time decrease of blood parameters (4 weeks later). After this time, the symptoms of cerebral ischemia could not be observed in 54% of cases and were reduced significantly in 31 percent. 2 patients had transitory ischemic attacks and 4 patients died during therapy. These results demonstrate that this new therapy (long time hemodilution with HES 40) is ingenious for patients with acute cerebral ischemia, because HES 40 has lower undesired effects than HES 200.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Anatomical correction of transposition of great vessels. Considerations on the first 50 patients operated on and analysis of the surgical choice].

After having adopted the arterial switch operation as an alternative to the Mustard operation we decided to review our results with this protocol in order to evaluate the validity of our choice. From June 1984 to Oct. 1989 a total of 50 patients underwent an arterial switch operation in our department: 36 (72%) with simple transposition of the great arteries and an essentially intact ventricular septum; 9 (18%) with transposition of the great arteries and ventricular septal defect and 5 (10%) with the Taussing-Bing anomaly. In the group with simple transposition, the age ranged between 3 and 24 days (mean 8.7 +/- 4.3 S.D.) and the weight was between 2.4 and 4.9 kg (mean: 3.46 +/- 0.42 S.D.). In the group with transposition of the great arteries and ventricular septal defect the age ranged between 7 and 690 days (mean: 194 +/- 206 S.) and the weight was between 3.1 and 9.7 kg (mean 6 +/- 2.34 S.D.). In the group with Taussig-Bing anomaly the age ranged between 9 and 216 days (means: 132 +/- 75 S.D.) and the weight was between 3.2 and 5.1 kg (mean: 4.1 +/- 0.75 S.D.). A balloon atrial septostomy was performed in 43 (86%) patients. The Lecompte manoeuvre was adopted in 49 (98%) patients. The total early mortality was 10% (5/50). In the 36 neonates with simple transposition of the great arteries, 4 (11.1%) died. Among the 14 patients with transposition of the great arteries and ventricular septal defect and Taussig-Bing anomaly there was 1 (7.1%) death. There was also 1 (2.2%) late death.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Exercising care in filling out death certificates].

Death certificates of 1,432 dead persons being older than 1 year of the urban district of Gera (1987) were evaluated. 72.3% of the death certificates showed one or more mistakes. The average number of the mistakes was 1.8. The most numerous formal mistakes and such with regard to the contents were analyzed as well as conclusions were drawn for the further qualification of the coroner physicians and the improvement of filing in the death certificates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The nucleotide sequence of satellite RNA in grapevine fanleaf virus, strain F13.

The nucleotide sequence of cDNA copies of grapevine fanleaf virus (strain F13) satellite RNA has been determined. The primary structure obtained was 1114 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly(A) tail, and contained only one long open reading frame encoding a 341 residue, highly hydrophilic polypeptide of Mr37275. The coding sequence was bordered by a leader of 14 nucleotides and a 3'-terminal non-coding region of 74 nucleotides. No homology has been found with small satellite RNAs associated with other nepoviruses. Two limited homologies of eight nucleotides have been detected between the satellite RNA in grapevine fanleaf virus and those in tomato black ring virus, and a consensus sequence U.G/UGAAAAU/AU/AU/A at the 5' end of nepovirus RNAs is reported. A less extended consensus exists in this region in comovirus and picornavirus RNA.

Amino Acid Sequence↗