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Biomedical subjects

M Friedrich

Publications and source records attributed to M Friedrich.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[The intestinal phase of peptide absorption].

Peptides and not amino acids are the prevailing degradation products of protein digestion which are formed in the intestinal lumen and are absorbed from the mucosa. These two families differ in absorption. The differences become manifest when the absorption of peptide mixtures is compared with that of equimolecular mixtures of free amino acids. The absorption of peptides occurs in two different ways: 1. Transport of intact peptides through the membrane into the mucosal cell and subsequent hydrolysis by intracellular peptide hydrolases. 2. Hydrolysis of the peptides by peptide hydrolases localized on the luminal side of the mucosal cell membrane and subsequent transport of the amino acids thus formed through the membrane. The two mechanisms of absorption do not exclude each other. The way by which energy is supplied for the transport is not yet elucidated. The transport of intact peptides is of nutritive importance only in case of dipeptides and tripeptides. It enables in particular the introduction of peptides that cannot be cleft by membrane-bound peptide hydrolases. The hydrolysis of peptides by membrane-bound peptide hydrolases and the subsequent transport of released amino acids is of importance for long-chain peptides. The difference in absorbing behaviour between the free amino acids released in the intestinal lumen and the amino acids released by peptide hydrolases at the mucosal membrane is discussed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

[Intravenous subtraction angiography (ISA). Technique and application (author's transl)].

Indirect arteriography of the abdominal aorta was performed in 171 patients by means of an intravenous bolus injection followed by conventional photographic image subtraction; the renal arteries were shown in 125 patients, the aortic arch and neck vessels in 20, peripheral vascular occlusions after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in 17 and A-V shunts in dialysis patients in seven. The technique of injection, radiography and subtraction is described and the required dose compared with that for renal angiotomography. Provided the patient is adequately prepared, both renal arteries can be adequately demonstrated by ISA in 90% of patients. Using high-intensification screens, renal ISA requires less than half the dose necessary for angiotomography with a tomographic box and is suitable as a valuable screening method in conjunction with excretion urography. In the extremities, ISA produced adequate demonstration of stenoses, the vessel wall and collaterals. ISA of A-V shunts in haemodialysis patients is to be preferred to peripheral I-V xero-arteriography.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Effect of neuraminidase treatment of IgG and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein on their intestinal transport in suckling rats in vivo.

Binding and transport of rat immunoglobulin G (IgG), human alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, and their neuraminidase-treated derivatives were studied in vivo in the intestine of suckling rats. IgG and asialo-IgG binding was saturable, preceding active transport; the amounts of gut-associated alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and asialo-alpha 1-acid glycoprotein ("binding") were not saturable; and transport was passive. Binding of asialo-IgG to the intestine was significantly higher than that of native IgG, whereas transport rates were similar. No difference was found for both binding and transport of native and asialo-alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. These results suggest an interaction between the heteroglycan moiety of IgG and its intestinal receptor and exclude a role of sialic acid in the intestinal transport of a heterologous, passively absorbed glycoprotein.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Computerized ultrasound echo tomography of the breast.

An experimental reflection ultrasound computer tomography (UCT) system is presented for in vitro examination of test objects and excised organs. The computer-assisted reconstruction of digitally stored conventional B-ultrasound scans to a compound scan yields considerably better images than the single scan. It could be demonstrated that the spatial resolution in the reflection UCT scan approximates the theoretical limit of the axial resolution of the beam (pulse duration). Echographic contrast is greatly increased and sonographic speckle reduced. The potential of this new imaging modality for sonographic breast diagnosis is demonstrated on various postoperative breast specimens. The possible complementary role of reflection UCT to both conventional pulse-echo techniques and transmission UCT is discussed.

Breast↗
PubMed1982

[Computerized documentation of the topicality of pain].

The exact and objective classification and documentation of pain is a difficult problem which is not easy to overcome. Therefore it seems necessary to reduce as for as possible all mistakes resulting from misunderstandings between pain information given by the patient and documentation carried out by the physician. Therefore a system should contribute to simplify the documentation of pain localisation. By means of dividing the human body into regions and numbering the pain-areas even computer documentation becomes feasible. Thus the standardization of pain area documentation permits its application as parameter in research projects with a large number of cases.

Computers↗
PubMed1981

[Quality control during mammography I. Standardisation of technique and physical measurements (author's transl)].

The general problems in evaluating the radiographic quality of mammograms are outlined. A new method is described which provides an analysis of the physical conditions on a standardised mammogram and by which results can be obtained from a single film. The method is designed for detecting technical shortcomings of the mammographic imaging system, including the x-ray apparatus, films system, including the x-ray apparatus, film systems and development. As part of a programme for quality control of mammograms, the method represents an addition to spot checks.

Female↗
PubMed1981

[Quality control during mammography-II (author's transl)].

The results of a pilot study on mammographic quality control in 58 x-ray departments in West Berlin are reported. Using a systematically developed phantom, an insight was gained into the present state of mammography and various unexpected faults which were diagnostically important, were revealed. Standard values for the type of radiation, effective image contrast, resolution, geometry and radiation dose could be ascertained, which can serve as a basis for mammographic quality control.

Berlin↗
PubMed1981

[Technical aspects of breast sonography. Experience with an immersion scanner (Octoson) (author's transl)].

The experience with the sonographic examination of 80 patients with an Octoson body unit is described. It was found that with the present technique immersion of the breast in most cases is less satisfactory than compression of the breast. The compound scan improves the information as compared with a single scan up to a point. Immersion sonography, like all other types of ultrasound examination, is at present not satisfactory as the sole method for examining the breast. As an addition to mammography and palpation, sonography is, however, already an important complementary method.

Abscess↗
PubMed1981

Immersion ultrasound of testicular pathology.

A water-coupled free-immersion ultrasound scanner, the Octoson, was used to study 70 patients with scrotal masses. Scrotal swelling can be identified accurately as intrascrotal fluid collections of solid lesions, and an intra- or extra-testicular origin can be determined precisely. In most cases, testicular tumors can be distinguished from inflammatory conditions. Immersion testicular ultrasound can disclose the site, delineate the extent, and characterize the nature of intra- and extra-testicular lesions.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1981

[X-ray examination of the breast (author's transl)].

Recent technical advances in X-ray examination of the breast are characterized by the introduction of dose-reducing image-recording systems (film-screen systems) and grid-mammography. Improved "high-resolution" film-screen systems in conjunction with grid technique have rendered it possible to obtain high-quality mammograms with significant dose reduction. Other modifications of mammographic imaging technique, such as new selective filter techniques, magnification mammography and electron radiography (XERG-mammography), are of less importance for practical mammography.

Female↗
PubMed1981

[Physiological importance of microvilli-bound leucine arylamidase in the final digestion of proteins. 1. Purification and isolation of intestinal leucine arylamidase and aminotripeptidase of rats].

The membrane-bound leucine arylamidase of the microvilli of the rat small intestine was solubilized by Triton X-100 and purified by gel and ion-exchange chromatography. As compared to the mucosa homogenate, the purification factor was 135. The leucine arylamidase and aminotripeptidase of the microvilli cannot be separated by chromatography. The cytosomal portion of the aminopeptidase is devoid of leucine arylamidase activity.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1981

Immersion ultrasonography of scrotal and testicular pathology.

A water-coupled free-immersion ultrasound scanner, the Octoson, was used to study 70 patients with scrotal disease. The main advantage of the immersion technique is the perfect overview of the whole male genital organ. Scrotal masses could be differentiated to a high percentage into intrascrotal fluid collections and intra- or extra-testicular solid lesions. In some cases, testicular tumors could be distinguished from inflammatory conditions on the basis of the ultrasound examination alone. According to out present experience, immersion ultrasound of the scrotum proved to be an effective method in disclosing the site, delineating the extent and characterizing the nature of extra- and intra-testicular disease.

Dysgerminoma↗