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Biomedical subjects

M Frand

Publications and source records attributed to M Frand.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Clinical spectrum and natural history of isolated mitral valve prolapse in 30 children.

Thirty pediatric patients with isolated mitral valve prolapse were studied in order to elucidate the clinical manifestations and the natural history of this condition in children. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 9.5 years, with a mean follow-up of 5 years. The evaluation of all 30 patients included: clinical examination by a pediatric cardiologist, ECG, chest X-ray, echocardiography and Holter monitoring. Two patients underwent cardiac catheterization and angiography, and two patients required antiarrhythmic medication for symptomatic ventricular tachycardia. No progression of mitral insufficiency was observed during the follow-up period. There were no instances of subacute bacterial endocarditis, cerebral vascular accident or sudden death. The prognosis of mitral valve prolapse appears to be favorable in childhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Corticosteroid treatment of laryngotracheitis v spasmodic croup in children.

We compared the efficacy of high-dose dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.6 mg/kg) in laryngotracheitis (LT) v spasmodic croup (SC) in 72 children (age range, 8 months to 8 years) using a double-blind randomized protocol that measured the individual change in respirations as an objective variable to evaluate the outcome. Administration of dexamethasone did not change the respirations in the patients with LT and significantly decreased the respirations in the patients with SC, compared with the placebo group. Since, in most cases, the pediatrician will be able to differentiate between LT and SC at admission by history and clinical signs, it seems that steroid treatment should be avoided in cases of LT and may be of benefit in some cases of SC.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Pre-excitation syndrome in infants and children. Effect of digoxin, verapamil, and amiodarone.

Clinical and electrocardiographic findings for 30 patients with the pre-excitation syndrome are described together with details of treatment. Nineteen (63%) were younger than 2 years, 14 of whom were under 2 months. Sixteen infants and 7 children (77%) presented with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, 14 (61%) of whom had the electrocardiographic pattern of type A Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. During paroxysmal bouts the QRS complex was normal in 21 patients and wide in two. Six (20%) patients had congenital heart disease often associated with WPW syndrome type B. Seventeen patients were treated with either digoxin or verapamil intravenously to stop tachyarrhythmias. Verapamil was more effective due to the immediate response and lack of adverse effects. The tachyarrhythmias resolved in all the patients and in some of them the WPW pattern resolved later indicating maturation of the conduction tissue with loss of the accessory pathways. Verapamil provides a rapid and safe form of treatment for conversion of tachyarrhythmias since it has no effect on the accessory pathways. Oral amiodarone prevents recurrent tachyarrhythmias resistant to other treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pulmonary arterio-venous fistulae in hepatic cirrhosis.

Cyanosis, clubbing, and arterial oxygen desaturation may occur in patients with liver disease, and are attributed to the presence of pulmonary or peripheral arterio-venous shunting. Cardiac catheterisation and angiocardiography in a patient with a normal heart did not demonstrate the presence of abnormal arterio-venous anastomoses. Pulmonary shunting was proved when intravenous technetium-labelled macroaggregated albumin, normally held up in capillary networks, was passed quickly through the lungs and immediately detected in high systemic blood flow organs. The opening of peripheral and pulmonary anastomoses in patients with liver disease may be owing to the presence of a vasodilatory substance such as ferritin, which was found to be abnormally increased in the patient's blood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Amiodarone in control of sustained tachyarrhythmias in children with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Oral amiodarone was administered to ten children aged 3 months to 15 years who had recurrent SVT associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. In nine patients, amiodarone was used following failure of oral digoxin, quinidine, propranolol, and verapamil. Each patient received an oral loading dose of 10 to 15 mg/kg followed by 5 mg/kg daily. All children became asymptomatic of tachyarrhythmias within five days of therapy and remained asymptomatic for 5 to 36 months. In one patient, amiodarone therapy was discontinued because of generalized urticaria after a positive initial response. After high-dose oral verapamil failed to eliminate recurrent bouts of SVT, the patient was again given amiodarone and he had a complete recovery. All ten children had normal results on thyroid function tests, and no other adverse effects were detected. Amiodarone has been shown to be highly effective and well tolerated in this series of children. Therefore, we recommend its use for the control and prevention of sustained arrhythmias in pediatric patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome when the traditional antiarrhythmic drugs fail.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Reversible hypertrophic osteoarthropathy associated with cyanotic congenital heart disease.

We treated two patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease (CCDH) in whom associated hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) developed. Both were severely cyanotic and hypoxic for many years before HOA was fully manifested. Clinical and roentgenographic indications of bone and joint lesions disappeared completely shortly after corrective of palliative surgery. There appears to be an etiologic connection between HOA and CCHD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Hepatobiliary ultrasonography as a diagnostic aid in neonatal jaundice.

Neonatal hepatitis and biliary atresia are disorders of early infancy that represent variable expressions of one entity. Clinical and extensive laboratory evaluation are unsatisfactory in distinguishing between the two diseases. The usefulness of hepatobiliary ultrasonography in the evaluation of neonatal jaundice is described in four infants. Ultrasonic diagnosis was substantiated by laparotomy, liver biopsy or autopsy. The performance of hepatobiliary ultrasonography is recommended in all cases of neonatal jaundice in order to differentiate between extrahepatic biliary obstruction and neonatal hepatitis.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1981

The chemically abused child.

The case of an 18-month-old child poisoned by her mother with chlorpromazine is described. Fifteen other cases of child poisoning have been previously reported. In all of these cases the assailant was the mother (who in 11 cases was described as mentally disturbed); in 14 cases the presenting sign was a change in the level of the child's consciousness; and in ten cases the agent was a psychotropic drug. These poisonings were always well planned and manipulative, usually of long duration (1 1/2 to 48 months), and often continued during hospitalization, but lacked homicidal intent. Three children died. It is suggested that this subgroup of child abuse be more rigidly defined and possibly be named "the chemically abused child." A higher degree of suspicion and alertness to this problem would increase the number of cases identified and the number of children who receive professional care.

Child Abuse↗
PubMed1981

Neurologic complications of Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia in childhood.

Two previously healthy children experienced serious neurologic complications in the course of severe S. aureus septicaemia. The first patient developed right hemiparesis and stupor due to a left frontal abscess. He recovered completely following surgery. The second patient, admitted with signs of meningeal infection, developed acute bacterial endocarditis followed by late cerebral embolism causing coma and death. In both patients, cerebral CT was a useful rapid diagnostic acid. When the S. aureus septicaemic patient develops acute bacterial endocarditis, regardless of his haemodynamic state, early valve replacement may prevent harmful cerebral embolic phenomena.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A new white forelock (poliosis) syndrome with multiple congenital malformations in two sibs.

Two Jewish Ashkenazi male sibs are reported as having a new syndrome consisting of a white forelock, distinct facial features associated with congenital malformations involving the eye, cardio-pulmonary and skeletal systems. It is postulated that the etiology of this disorder is genetic and transmitted either as an autosomal recessive or X-linked recessive conditions.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗