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Biomedical subjects

M Fradis

Publications and source records attributed to M Fradis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Psychological aspects of cochlear implantation].

Psychological aspects of cochlear implantation were studied in 20 adults and children. Patients were interviewed before admission and were given tests and questionnaires to answer with regard to overall wellbeing, intellectual functioning, hopes and beliefs, expectations with regard to the implant and the support they were getting (last 2 also for a family member). Those who passed the screening were referred for surgery, and those who didn't were referred for therapy. 6 months after implantation the patient and the family member were again interviewed and answered questionnaires with regard to adjustment to the implant and the patient's satisfaction with it. In those who benefitted from the implant there were no psychopathological features, there was good cognitive functioning, a moderate level of concentration and attention span and a great degree of flexibility in personality traits. Crucial to better adjustment was quality of family support. Following cochlear implantation there was considerable improvement in life style.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Treatment of tinnitus by intratympanic instillation of lignocaine (lidocaine) 2 per cent through ventilation tubes.

Idiopathic subjective tinnitus (IST) is one of the most obscure otological pathologies. This paper presents the results of treating IST by intratympanic instillation of lignocaine (lidocaine) 2 per cent through a grommet, for five weekly courses. Fifty-two patients suffering from intractable tinnitus entered this therapeutic trial, but only nine finished all five courses. In one patient, the tinnitus was almost completely abolished, but in all the nine patients the decompensated tinnitus changed to a compensated one. We suggest this mode of treatment for patients that were previously treated by drugs, acupuncture and biofeedback, with disappointing results. Patients should be warned about the side effects of vertigo and vomiting, which subsides gradually with every new instillation, and that the tinnitus may not disappear but will be alleviated, enabling them to cope more easily with the disease and lead a more normal life.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Late development of lateral sinus vein thrombosis.

The incidence of lateral sinus vein thrombosis has been reduced by the use of antibiotics, but it is still a major complication of middle ear disease. Patients without active acute or chronic middle ear infection, however, develop this deadly complication. CT scan is helpful in diagnosis, but mostly the final diagnosis is made by surgical exploration. A case of a 23-year-old patient who developed lateral sinus vein thrombosis without an active middle ear disease is presented. The pertinent literature is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Tuberculosis of the middle ear].

Tuberculosis is rare in Israel, especially that of the middle ear. Its rarity leads to both underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis. Since tuberculosis is treatable, diagnosis is of the utmost importance. The recent wave of immigration from countries in which tuberculosis is endemic may confront us with more cases of tuberculosis of this type.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed1991

Unusual complication of an ingested foreign body.

Migration of a foreign body from the mouth and throat to the subcutaneous tissue of the neck is very rare. We present a case of a migrating foreign body (a piece of straw) from the floor of the mouth to the neck. To our knowledge, this is the second case reported in the English literature.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Bilateral perilymph fistula in an adult.

Sudden hearing loss is a symptom caused by a variety of diseases, among them also a perilymph fistula. The occurrence of bilateral perilymph fistula is rare, and was reported only associated with head trauma. A case of a bilateral perilymph fistula, without head trauma in an adult construction worker is reported. To the best of our knowledge this is the first bilateral case caused by physical effort to be reported in the literature.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1991

Intrinsic vasculature of the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve--implications for site of lesion in Bell's palsy.

Recent studies of the intrinsic vasculature of the cat facial nerve have demonstrated relatively poor blood supply to the labyrinthine segment. In this study, the intrinsic vasculature of the human facial nerve was systematically evaluated in 25 temporal bones and three fresh cadaver nerves. Cross-sectional vessel counts were obtained for the labyrinthine, tympanic, and mastoid segments. Capillary densities for each segment were derived from these data. The labyrinthine segment of the human facial nerve, like that in the cat, contains fewer and smaller intrinsic blood vessels than do the mastoid and tympanic segments. This may indicate that the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve may be more vulnerable to ischemic damage. In conjunction with the previously demonstrated narrowness of the labyrinthine fallopian canal, these findings support the contention that the labyrinthine segment is a likely site of lesion in Bell's palsy.

Ear, Inner↗
PubMed1991

Toxic effects of cisplatin alone and in combination with gentamicin in stria vascularis of guinea pigs.

The toxic effects on the stria vascularis of treatment with cisplatin alone and combined with the aminoglycoside antibiotic, gentamicin, were studied in guinea pigs. The toxicity induced in albino and pigmented guinea pigs was investigated morphologically with light and transmission electron microscopy, and functionally by brainstem-evoked response audiometry. The results of hearing thresholds were variable, ranging from no change in one ear in some of the animals to a hearing loss of 20 dB in one or both ears when treated with low-dose cisplatin alone or in combination with gentamicin. Bilateral deafness resulted from high-dose cisplatin combined with gentamicin. The combined treatment produced prominent structural damage in the stria vascularis. The results should be considered when aminoglycoside therapy is required in conjunction with cisplatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

On the limitation of brainstem auditory evoked potentials for indication of susceptibility to noise.

The efficiency of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP) as an indicator of susceptibility to hazardous noise was investigated. In earlier studies, subjects were exposed to very intense occupational noise and temporary threshold shift (TTS) was produced by high intensity noise of 115 dB. Correlations between experimental TTS and the BAEP changes were investigated. BAEP indices, which significant correlations with the eventual hearing loss, were found. Similar criteria, which were found significant in the earlier work, were investigated in 94 industrial workers with normal hearing, without past exposure to noise, using a more moderate TTS-producing noise of 110 dB SPL. Under these conditions, no significant correlation between the noise susceptibility index and BAEP changes during TTS was found. The results of this study demonstrate the limitation of determining individual susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss using BAEP. TTS-producing noise levels must be high enough. Their predictive value holds only for hearing losses typical of high intensity occupational exposures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Idiopathic subjective tinnitus treated by biofeedback, acupuncture and drug therapy.

The effect of three treatment modalities of idiopathic-subjective tinnitus (IST): acupuncture (AP), biofeedback (BF) and Cinnarizine (Cin), was investigated in 58 randomly selected subjects. The findings show that at the end of treatment, 50% of the patients in the biofeedback group reported some amelioration in the level of the tinnitus, while 30% of the acupuncture group and only 10% of the group receiving Cinnarizine reported an amelioration of the tinnitus. Treatment by biofeedback caused a significant easing in the degree of discomfort caused by the tinnitus to patients during rest. Within the limitations of the sample study, our results indicate that the biofeedback method is more effective in comparison with acupuncture and Cinnarizine in the treatment of those suffering from tinnitus.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1991

Incidence and treatment of deviation of nasal septum in newborns.

Four thousand and ninety consecutive newborns were investigated for nasal septal deviations over a two-year period in the Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa. An incidence of 0.93% of anterior nasal septal cartilaginous dislocation was found. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the newborns' weight and the nasal deformities. Definite correlation between the type of delivery and the nasal deformity was noted, however. The importance of early treatment during the first three days after birth is stressed. The infants were followed for a three-year period and no evidence of recurring septal deformity was noted. Birth trauma was first reported by Metzenbaum in 1929 as being a causative factor in nasal septal dislocation. Since then, it has been reported by other authors. Deviated nasal septum in the newborn is said to occur due to various intrauterine and transnatal pressures operating on the fetus. In 1963, Klaff reported 12 cases of septal dislocation in newborns and went on to describe the causative factors and methods of treatment. Gray investigated septal deformities in 2,380 infants at birth and found anterior cartilage deformity in 4%. He put forward a maxillary moulding theory of transmitted pressure during pregnancy or birth in an attempt to explain septal deformities in the newborn. Hartikainen et al. screened 4,724 newborns for congenital nasal deformities and found a 1.9% incidence of anterior septal dislocation. In this study no evidence of birth trauma as the cause of congenital nasal deformities was found and it was proposed that the majority of dislocations originated during intrauterine life. Collo reported correction of 19 birth traumatic nasal septal deviations by manual manipulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMed1991

Flexible fiberoptic endoscopy of the cochlea: human temporal bone studies.

New bone formation within the cochlea has been found more frequently than expected during cochlear implantation. Although implantation of partially ossified cochleas with long multichannel electrodes is possible, in practicality it may be difficult to determine whether electrode insertion is feasible prior to attempting it. In spite of use of high resolution computerized tomography, the presence, nature, and extent of new bone formation in the scala tympani is often difficult to ascertain. Flexible fiberoptic otologic endoscopes, 0.7 mm and 1.0 mm in diameter, were developed for the purpose of visualizing the fluid-containing scalae of the cochlea. In order to determine the efficacy of the device in visualizing the interior of the cochlea, as well as determining possible damage caused by its use, ten formalin fixed human temporal bones were studied. The flexible fiberoptic otologic endoscope was found to be capable of passage through the scala tympani of the cochlea in the inferior segment and of identifying normal and abnormal structures. Passage beyond this point resulted in damage to the spiral ligament. We conclude that human trials of use of the endoscope during cochlear implantation on previously deafened individuals is feasible.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1991

Treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis with ascorbic acid solution.

The object of our study was to assess the therapeutic effects of Ascorbic Acid (AA) solution in patients suffering from perennial allergic rhinitis. Sixty patients were included in a two week randomized study. Synthetic AA Solution was found to decrease symptoms in 74% of patients, parallely there was a decrease of the pH of nasal secretion to normal limits.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1990

The efficacy of oral steroids in the treatment of persistent otitis media with effusion.

One hundred thirty-six children with otitis media with effusion of at least 2 months' duration were investigated in a strict, double-blind, randomized prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of oral steroids in the treatment of this disease. The results of our study showed a significant complete and partial recovery from otitis media with effusion in the group treated by a combination of antibiotics (amoxicillin) and oral steroids (prednisone), compared with an amoxicillin-treated group and a placebo-treated group. We believe that this treatment mostly benefits children aged 4 to 10 years without oversized adenoids. The findings of our study imply that a combined course of antibiotics and oral steroids deserves its place as a routine conservative trial before surgery.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Brainstem auditory evoked potential with increased stimulus rate in minor head trauma.

Fifteen Minor Head Trauma patients were investigated by Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials at 10/s and 55/s stimulus rate. The results were compared with those of the same patients at a second examination, two months later, as well as with a matched normal control group. Increasing the stimulus rate in MHT patients caused a significant but reversible delay in the central conduction time. No significant difference was found regarding the interpeak latency differences at a 10/s stimulus rate. The present study suggests that the primary lesion in MHT is ischaemic, affecting synaptic efficiency, and not axonal damage. These findings may be informative on the as yet obscure pathophysiological mechanism of minor head trauma.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗