Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Foucault

Publications and source records attributed to M Foucault.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Use of mesalazine slow release suppositories 1 g three times per week to maintain remission of ulcerative proctitis: a randomised double blind placebo controlled multicentre study.

BACKGROUND: Daily administration of rectal formulations of mesalazine is effective in preventing relapse of ulcerative proctitis. Maintenance of remission with lower doses would be an advantage. AIM: The efficacy of mesalazine suppositories (Pentasa) 1 g three times a week v placebo to maintain remission in patients with cryptogenetic proctitis was studied. METHODS: Ninety five patients with cryptogenetic proctitis were randomised within two weeks of remission to receive for one year or until relapse three suppositories per week of either Pentasa (n = 48) or placebo (n = 47). In the case of a relapse, the patients received one suppository/day. RESULTS: It was found that 25 of 48 subjects v 18 of 47 remained in remission in the mesalazine and placebo groups respectively. The relapse rate was lower in the mesalazine group for the following time intervals: 0-90 days (19% v 38%, p = 0.035), 0-180 days (29% v 54%, p = 0.017), 0-270 days (38% v 60%, p = 0.031), and 0-365 days (48% v 62%, p = 0.18). Treatment of relapse with one suppository/day induced remission in 11 of 18 and 2 of 26 patients in the mesalazine and placebo groups respectively (p = 0.001). Overall, 61% v 28% patients remained in the protocol and were in remission at one year (p = 0.001). Tolerance was good. CONCLUSION: Mesalazine suppositories 1 g three times a week are effective for preventing relapses of cryptogenetic proctitis. Increasing the dose to 1 g/day is effective in a high proportion of subjects who relapsed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Efficacy and tolerance of mesalazine suppositories vs. hydrocortisone foam in proctitis.

BACKGROUND: Topical treatments with steroids or mesalazine are the most effective treatments for idiopathic proctitis. AIM: To compare the efficacy and tolerance of mesalazine suppositories vs. hydrocortisone acetate foam in the treatment of acute proctitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 242 patients with active idiopathic proctitis were randomized to receive once daily either one Pentasa suppository (mesalazine 1 g) or 100 mg hydrocortisone (Colofoam) for 14-21 days (until remission). Disease activity and tolerance of the treatments were assessed using a daily questionnaire, by physician assessment, and endoscopy score. RESULTS: Both treatments induced a significant reduction in disease activity. Mesalazine suppositories were significantly more effective than hydrocortisone on rectal blood loss (P = 0.002) and mucus (P = 0.02) parameters, and on the degree of the decrease in endoscopy score (P = 0.02). No significant difference was observed between treatments concerning histology or tolerance. CONCLUSION: Mesalazine suppositories were as well-tolerated as hydrocortisone foam, but were more effective for some parameters of disease activity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Modern 1601-↗
PubMed1978

[Incorporation of the hospital into modern technology].

This address traces the emergence of the hospital in the 18th century as a facility for combating disease and tending to the sick. Reference is made to the reports of Tenon and Howard on hospitals in several European countries, which instead of considering the hospital as a mere architectural object make recommendations based on the numbers of beds of an institution, its usable space, the dimensions of wards, mortaility rates, etc.; the result is a new functional concept of the medical and physical organization of the hospital. The author delves into the characteristics of the hospital and medical practice in the Middle Ages, the 17th and 18th centuries, and since the middle of the 18th. He brings out the direct relationship of hospital organization to the economic regulations that emerged with mercantilism. He stresses the importance of man for social and military development on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to the application of a technology that could be described as political: the discipline. He is of the view that the introduction of disciplinary mechanisms in the confused environment of the hospital permitted its "medicalization" and the development of the medical-therapeutic hospital.

Europe↗
PubMed1976

[The crisis of medicine or the antimedicine crisis].

In this lecture, Professor Michel Foucault makes an in-depth study of the problems currently afflicting medical institutions and the medical practice. He deals with the thesis set forth by Ivan Illich in his book Medical Nemesis--The expropriation of Health, as well as the 1942 Beveridge Plan, but goes even further back in history to discover the origin of the medical crisis common throughout the world--back to the XVIII century roots of the social practice of medicine. He also describes the phases through which medical activity has passed from then until now and deals with what he calls the political economy of medicine. Finally, he reaches the conclusion that what matters is not so much the present crisis of medicine, which he considers to be a false concept, but the discipline's historical model dating from the XVIII century and serving to determine to what extent it can be modified.

Economics, Medical↗