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Biomedical subjects

M Foley

Publications and source records attributed to M Foley.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Correlation of decrease in perinatal mortality and increase in cesarean section rates.

During what has proved to be a critical period in the practice of modern obstetrics, 1965 to 1980, when cesarean birth rates increased dramatically in centers across the United States from less than 5 to more than 15%, the number of infants born in the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, was 108,987. Although the incidence of cesarean section remained virtually unchanged at 4.2, 4.2, 4.2, and 4.8% in 1965, 1970, 1975, and 1980, respectively, perinatal mortality continued to fall from 42.1 to 36.5, 24.0, and 16.8 per 1000 infants born at 500 g or more. These results do not support the contention that the expansion in cesarean birth rates has contributed significantly to reduced perinatal mortality in recent years. Consideration of indications shows that the threefold difference in cesarean birth rate which now exists between Dublin and similar centers across the United States can be accounted for almost entirely by a different approach to management of labor in nulliparous women, compounded by rigid adherence to precept "once a section, always a section.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1970

The effect of growth hormone on fibrinogen synthesis.

A method described by McFarlane (1963a) for the measurement of the absolute rate of synthesis of liver-made plasma proteins was used to show that, within a few hours of giving bovine growth hormone to rats, fibrinogen synthesis increased significantly without a change in albumin synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of iohexol on glucose metabolism compared with metrizamide.

In a previous in vitro study we demonstrated reduced CO2 production in rat hippocampal tissue when metrizamide was added. This metabolic depression is believed to be a result of the 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) portion of the metrizamide molecule since 2-DG is a known competitive inhibitor of glucose metabolism. This competitive inhibition probably occurs at the cell membrane since it has never been shown that metrizamide penetrates neural cells. Further the inhibition is most likely related to competition for the membrane glucose carrier. A new nonionic contrast medium, iohexol, does not contain a 2-DG component and if the hypothesis for the metabolic inhibition is valid we should not expect metabolic inhibition with iohexol. This hypothesis was tested using the rat hippocampus model previously used for metrizamide. We compared iohexol with metrizamide in isotonic concentrations and also examined the effect of hypertonicity. These experiments did not demonstrate inhibition of CO2 production with iohexol at near physiologic osmolalities, however, there was a marked depressive effect with increasing osmolality. This effect from hypertonicity is, however, probably of less importance in vivo where water will rapidly diffuse toward the hypertonic areas. The apparent lack of interference of the iohexol molecule on glucose metabolism should therefore make iohexol a more suitable contrast medium, for subarachnoid investigations than metrizamide.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neural tissue uptake and clearance of iohexol following lumbar myelography in rabbits.

The diffusion of water-soluble contrast media (CM) into the extracellular space of the central nervous system following injection into the subarachnoid space has previously been shown. As a result of this, water-soluble CM will come in direct contact with the neurons and may interfere with their normal function. The toxic effects would thus be a result both of the molecular properties of the CM as well as the local tissue concentration. The neuronal tissue uptake and clearance of metrizamide in rabbits following lumbar myelography was described in a previous study by our group. This study indicated some retention of metrizamide in the spinal cord probably as a result of binding of the CM to the cell membrane. The mechanism for this has not yet been shown although it may relate to the binding of metrizamide via its 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) portion and the specific glucose membrane carrier. The present investigation was performed to evaluate the diffusion kinetics of a new non-ionic CM. With iohexol, which lacks a 2-DG component in its molecule a direct relationship between the neural tissue and CSF concentration was found which seems to follow a simple diffusion model. Since iohexol shows no sign of entrapment in the tissue, the contact time for neurons will be shorter than that seen with metrizamide assuming that their rate of drainage from the CSF is identical.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CNA testifies on AIDS.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recurrent ovarian carcinoma: diagnosis and second-line therapy.

Approximately 10% of patients with ovarian cancer will develop a recurrence. Successful treatment of recurring disease has been documented, and recent developments in chemotherapy are encouraging. In our study, CA125 Tumour Marker was a useful marker to monitor the course of such disease, and detected recurring ovarian cancer at a sub-clinical level, leading to earlier diagnosis. This may have implications for outcome.

Adult↗