The theoretical part of this paper presents the mechanism of the IOP lowering effect using these drugs, the indications of treatment and the main side effects. The second part consist of the experimental study made on rabbits, using the izopropilic ester of (+)Cloprostenol as an hypotensive agent. We have registered the IOP values and the main side effect--conjunctival hyperemia. The third part consist of the clinical study, made on a test lot of 23 patients. We have used the same substance and in the experimental study, as a unique treatment or in association with a beta-blocker or a pilocarpine derivative. The following-up has implied: the IOP, the ophthalmoscopic appearance of the optic disc, the visual field, the visual acuity and the main side effects. In the end, we have formulated the conclusions of these studies.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Pneumatic retinopexy with SF6].

Pneumatic retinopexy has been recently reported as an alternative procedure in the treatment of retinal detachments. This technique may be considered if the break is no larger than the 1 o'clock hour, the break is located superiorly between 8 o'clock and 4 o'clock and there is no proliferative vitreoretinopathy greater than C1. The expandable gas SF6 (sulphur hexafluoride) has been used in the treatment of 16 cases of retinal detachment. Two of them were new cases treated with pneumatic retinopexy and cryotherapy applications and they were both successful. The other 14 cases were redetachments, so the treatment was completed by scleral buckling in 9 cases and scleral buckling with permanent implants of silicon in 5 cases. The rate of success was 3 to 9 and 2 to 5. For the rest of 9 cases vitrectomy or silicon oil injection would have been useful. Pneumatic retinopexy proved to be a low-price surgical treatment easy to use even in a consulting room, in one or two-session method. It may be performed as a single procedure for new cases of superior retinal detachments or in addition to other surgical techniques on selected cases.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The differential diagnosis between symptomatic and idiopathic retinal detachments].

The paper presents a synthesis of today's means for differential diagnosis between symptomatic and idiopathic retinal detachment, considering that the retinal detachment remains an ocular emergency, with high invalidity potential. The characteristic difficulties of this diagnosis are also detailed. The different medical attendance of the two types of retinal detachment requires a rigorous differential diagnosis, according the leading part to the ophthalmological examination. There are also illustrated up-to-date diagnosis tests, less invasive and more informative, such as: CT and MRI. The survey highlights the value still relative of the majority of these investigations and the fundamental significance of the histological examination.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The explantation and replacement of artificial lens implants].

The paper presents the statistical study of the appearance of explantation on the whole of artificial lenses implants, at the Ophthalmology Service of the Central Military Hospital during the years 1989-1993. The statistics relies on the review of data extracted from the operation registers, elaborated during the mentioned period, followed by their computerized processing and plotting. The authors also referred to the types of postoperative complications and their weight in the genesis of the explanation, as well as their distribution related to the sort of implanted intraocular lens. The survey also illustrates the long-run evolution of the reimplantation percentage. The results are comparatively reviewed to those in the specialty literature.

Hospitals, Military↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Corneal transplantation today].

Corneal transplant become a surgical procedure which is performed with success in more many ophthalmological medico-surgical centers. This way it raised a fully experience concerning selection of cases and the preservation of the graft, surgical technique and the graft rejection. The authors present a general view of the problems concerning keratoplasty making a briefly summary of the indications, contraindications and prognosis of this technique, screening of donor tissue and a little larger one the surgical technique with his problems: trephining, preserving the donor tissue and placing the graft, and also the postoperative problems--suture removal, visual correction and corneal transplant rejection.

Cataract Extraction↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antagonism of (+)WAY 100135 to behavioral, hypothermic and corticosterone effects induced by 8-OH-DPAT.

The 5-HT1A antagonistic properties of (+)-N-tert-butyl-3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-phenyl pro panamide ((+)WAY 100135) were studied. Its effect on the 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT)-induced behavioral syndrome (flat body posture and reciprocal forepaw treading) in reserpine-pretreated rats, the stimulus effect in a drug discrimination model in rats, the lower lip retraction in rats, the hypothermia in mice and secretion of corticosterone in rats, i.e. responses mediated by 5-HT1A receptors, were examined. (+)WAY 100135 administered in doses up to 10 mg/kg dose-dependently antagonized all the above responses to 8-OH-DPAT, the lowest effective doses ranging from 1.25 to 2.5 mg/kg. At the same time, (+)WAY 100135 alone given in doses of 1.25-10 mg/kg did not mimic the activity of 8-OH-DPAT in the tests used. Our results indicate that (+)WAY 100135 is an antagonist of pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors devoid of agonist properties.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The mechanisms of action of etophylline-clofibrate in hyperlipidemia].

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Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of the ascorbic acid-Cu (II) couple on enzyme activity].

Ascorbic acid (AA), Cu (II) and their association affect in different ways the activity of G6P-ase and G6PDH from the rat hepatic cytoplasm enriched in microsomes. G6P-ase is inhibited at a wide range of concentrations: 200-2 mM AA and 1-0.1 mM Cu (II). The association AA-Cu in the above mentioned concentrations, proved to be a stronger inhibitor than AA or Cu (II) introduced separately in the incubation medium. The activity of G6PDH is stimulated by AA-Cu (II) association and inhibited by AA in the dialyzed and nondialyzed cytoplasm. Cu (II) inhibits the activity of G6PDH in the nondialyzed cytoplasm and stimulates it following dialysis. The compounds with recognized antiradical action prove to be inefficient in restoring the activity of G6PDH affected by the AA-Cu (II) association.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Discriminative stimulus properties of (+)-oxaprotiline in rats.

Using a drug discrimination procedure on a fixed ratio (FR) 10 schedule of reinforcement, rats were trained to distinguish between the stimulus properties of the selective inhibitor of noradrenaline uptake (+)-oxaprotiline ((+)-OXA) and saline. Fifty per cent of the rats that learned to reliably discriminate (+)-OXA from saline, reached high discrimination accuracy. In substitution testing, maprotiline (MAP) and desipramine (DMI) produced dose-related responding on the (+)-OXA lever. (-)-OXA failed to show substitution. The results of our findings demonstrate that (+)-OXA may be used as a discriminative cue in rats. The NA uptake inhibition seems to be involved in the effect of this drug.

Animals↗