Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Fiala

Publications and source records attributed to M Fiala.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Cytomegalovirus viremia increases with progressive immune deficiency in patients infected with HTLV-III.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia was studied in 15 homosexual patients [two healthy, nine with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), five with the AIDS-related complex (ARC)], in one patient with transfusion-related AIDS, and in four individuals with cancer or connective tissue disorders. While CMV viremia was absent in the latter patients, in the healthy homosexuals, and in three stable ARC patients, it was present in clinically-deteriorating ARC patients and in all nine AIDS patients. Some CMV isolates caused limited proliferation of fibroblasts in the culture medium. The rapidity and ease of CMV isolation from leukocytes of patients at different stages of infection with human T-lymphocytotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) indicate that the CMV titer in leukocytes increases as immune deficiency worsens. In ARC patients CMV viremia may be predictive of clinical complications in the next 3 months. In AIDS patients CMV viremia at high titer was an unfavorable prognostic sign.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1982

Complement components in kidney allograft recipients: relationship to cytomegalovirus infection.

Serum complement profiles of 19 renal transplant recipients were studied serially before and after renal transplantation to determine if there is any relationship between cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and alteration in the serum complement (C) levels. Most patients had low serum C3 and C4 levels before transplantation, but afterwards these levels increased in some patients. Clq was elevated before and after transplantation. Factor B was low before transplantation, but after surgery, its level approached normal in patients without cytomegalovirus viremia, whereas in those with viremia, Factor B level became even more depressed. Circulating Factor B fragments were found in the sera of five out of seven patients with active cytomegalovirus infection, which suggests activation of the alternative pathway possibly related to active CMV infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Antibiotic blood concentrations in patients successfully treated with tobramycin.

Thirty-nine patients with severe Gram-negative infections were treated with parenteral tobramycin. Thirty-one (79%) were cured of their infection. Tobramycin was most effective in the therapy of patients with urinary tract infections, arthritis and skin and soft tissue infections and relatively less effective in patients with septicaemia, pneumonia, and osteomyelitis. The infection was cured more frequently in patients who achieved a high ratio between the peak serum concentration of tobramycin and the minimal inhibitory concentration of tobramycin against the pathogenic organism (so-called therapeutic ratio). The ratio was greater than 4.0 in 11 of 13 (85%) assays performed in 12 cured patients, whereas this ratio was achieved in only 3 of 10 (30%) instances in 5 patients in whom the therapy failed (P less than 0.05). The latter group also included a greater proportion of patients with an ultimately fatal illness, such as lung cancer and uraemia, compared to the former successfully treated group. Adverse effects of tobramycin on renal function were transitory. No significant effect of tobramycin on the hearing was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Association of immune responsiveness to cytomegalovirus infection with survival of renal allografts.

The association of immune responsiveness to cytomegalovirus infection was studied in relation to survival of renal allografts. The presence of anti-cytomegalovirus antibody in the pre-transplant patient was not associated with any detrimental effect on the graft survival. The presence or absence of cytomegalovirus antigen or of cytomegalovirus antibody, or later development of cytomegalovirus antibody, in no way affected the graft survival. The same conclusion was reached in cases when kidneys from male donors were used in cytomegalovirus antibody-postive patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Primary cytomegalovirus and opportunistic infections. Incidence in renal transplant recipients.

Thirty-five renal allograft recipients were studied concerning the relationship between cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections. The incidence of opportunistic infections was determined for patients whose tests prior to transplantation were seronegative in complement fixation and indirect hemagglutination assays of CMV antibody and for those patients whose tests were seropositive. Among the six seronegative patients with seronegative tests, four (66%) experienced active CMV infection within two months, and four died of Candida or Aspergillus infection within six months after transplantation. Among the 22 patients with seropositive tests, only one (4%) had a fungal infection and it was nonfatal (P less than .05). The increased morbidity and mortality due to fungal and bacterial infections in transplant recipients with seronegative CMV tests appears, therefore, to be related to primary CMV infection rather than to generalized immunodeficiency.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1978

Cytomegalovirus infections in renal allograft recipients: correlative studies with histocompatibility antigens.

We studied 32 renal allograft recipients in order to determine whether or not any correlation could be demonstrated between the HLA and development of cytomegalovirus infection. There was a positive stastical correlation (P less than 0.01) of the development of cytomegaloviraemia and the number of HLA antigens mismatched in the recipient. There was no correlation between specific HLA antigens and predisposition to develop cytomegalovirus infection. The implication of our observations with regard to the pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus infection in renal allograft recipients is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cytomegalovirus proteins: II. Polypeptide composition of cytomegalovirus complement-fixing antigen.

Complement-fixing (CF) antigen, prepared from cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected cells and solubilized by urea and Tween-20, was fractionated on agarose gel columns. Its molecular weight was 1.5--5 X 10(7) daltons, and it contained 5 major peptides with molecular weights from 60,000--90,000 daltons. The peptide with a molecular weight of 70,000 daltons which was present in the solubilized CF antigen was absent in a soluble fraction from infected cells without CF activity and may be, therefore, important in this respect. The antigens present in the CF antigen did not elicit neutralizing antibody.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1978

IgE response in heterophil-positive infectious mononucleosis.

Nineteen patients with heterophil-positive infectious mononucleosis were followed with serial blood sampling for an average of 14.6 mo. A preillness serum sample, obtained more than 2 mo before onset of illness, was available from 9 patients. A total of 141 samples were tested under identical conditions for total IgE levels by a paper-disc radioimmunoassay. Hematologic and serologic studies were also done. IgE changes showed a definite pattern, consisting of an elevation early in illness, rapidly followed by a significant drop reaching a nadir by the third month, then gradually returning to the preillness level (PIL) over a period of about a year. On the average, the peak was about 3 times the PIL, and the nadir about half the PIL. The IgE peak always coincided with the peak of atypical lymphocytes, and in no instance did it occur later than the peaks of other hematologic or serologic changes. No definite relationship was noted between IgE levels and the severity of illness. Heterophil-positive infectious mononucleosis is the first well-defined infectious disease found to be associated with such a pattern of IgE response.

Adolescent↗