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Biomedical subjects

M Farrell

Publications and source records attributed to M Farrell.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy studies in choroidal melanomas.

In several tumors of different organ sites, the amount of DNA in a cell (ploidy) is associated with malignancy. We performed DNA quantitation in 21 choroidal melanomas and compared flow cytometry with image analysis in 11 of these melanomas. We modified our preparation technique to overcome problems with pigment and control cell populations in the image analysis group. Fifteen tumors were diploid and two tumors were tetraploid. Four tumors were unprocessable by flow cytometry, but two of these tumors were diploid by image analysis. Image analysis also detected tetraploidy in two tumors that were diploid by flow cytometry. During image analysis, cells were classified according to the Callendar classification and histograms were plotted for each cell type. All spindle A cells were diploid and most tetraploid peaks were formed by epithelioid cells. The use of image analysis on small samples of choroidal melanomas may be of value both in confirmation of diagnosis and prognosis of these lesions, and perhaps therapeutically, for example, in the monitoring of radiation treatment.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Improved survival in biliary atresia patients in the present era of liver transplantation.

Therapy for patients with biliary atresia (BA) has become controversial, with orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) suggested in place of portoenterostomy. This is based on the unpredictable success of portoenterostomy, and the increased difficulty of the OLTx procedure following prior extensive liver surgery. The survival rate reported here for infants transplanted after unsuccessful portoenterostomy does not support this approach. OLTx was undertaken in 37 patients when end-stage liver failure followed primary portoenterostomy. Recipient age ranged from 6 months to 14 years (median, 13 months), and weight ranged from 5 to 45 kg (median, 8 kg) at the time of OLTx. Reduced-size allografts were used as the primary allograft in 25 patients (23 left lobe), and 12 received whole-organ allografts. Retransplantation was required in 5 patients, each received a reduced-size allograft. There was no increased incidence of vascular complications, primary nonfunction, irreversible rejection, intestinal perforation, biliary complications, sepsis, or lymphoma comparing the BA patients with all other non-BA patients who had undergone OLTx (all P = .16). There was no statistically significant difference in mean operative blood loss between BA patients (EBL = 1.99 BV) and non-BA patients (1.50 BV) (P = .14). Actuarial survival for the series of BA patients was 89% at 1 year, and 80% at 2 years. Following the introduction of reduced-size allografts, donor organs were selected for use with a priority on donor stability. The actuarial survival for BA patients during this time has improved to 96% at 1 year, and 91% at 2 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1993

Eye care for ventilated patients.

This literature survey identifies the importance of effective eye care technique, to prevent ocular complications in critically ill patients. The factors that lead to the development of such complications are outlined. Details are given of a survey of 20 intensive care units (ICUs), conducted to identify common eye care techniques. The conclusion from this review is that there is little which identifies the efficacy of current eye care techniques commonly used in ICUs. There is a need for research studies which demonstrate the best substance for maintaining eye lubrication and eyelid closure, in the care of critically ill patients.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1993

Mechanism of joint sparing in a patient with unilateral psoriatic arthritis and a longstanding hemiplegia.

The case of a 59-year-old female with a longstanding hemiplegia who developed unilateral psoriatic arthritis and unilateral psoriasis on the non-hemiplegic side only is reported. Investigations showed an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 58 mm/h, with all classes of rheumatoid factor negative in serum and synovial fluid (SF). An inflammatory infiltrate was demonstrated in both knee joints despite the absence of clinical involvement on the hemiplegic side. In addition, while neurofilament and substance P (SP) immunoreactivity was demonstrated in both synovial specimens, conspicuously less SP was present in the clinically involved synovial membrane. Finally, SF levels of SP and IL1 beta were raised in the clinically involved knee only.

Arthritis, Psoriatic↗
PubMed1993

Effect of topical cyclosporin A on conjunctival T cells in patients with secondary Sjögren's syndrome.

The effect of topical cyclosporin A on conjunctival T cells was studied in nine patients with secondary Sjögren's disease. Patients had conjunctival biopsies performed before and after a 6-week course of topical cyclosporin. Epithelium and substantia propria in the Sjögren's patients before treatment showed significantly more CD4+ cells than specimens taken from nine age- and sex-matched controls. Following treatment with topical cyclosporin, there was a significant reduction in the number of CD4+ cells in both the conjunctival epithelium and substantia propria. Despite the fact that the treatment resulted in immunopathological improvement, the clinical benefit was not as favorable. Our results suggest that topical cyclosporin may have a local immunosuppressive effect on the conjunctiva in patients with Sjögren's disease.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic factors following enucleation of 111 uveal melanomas.

Follow up information was retrieved on 111 patients who underwent enucleation for uveal melanoma between 1964 and 1987, allowing a minimum postoperative period of 5 years. Univariate survival analysis was carried out using Kaplan-Meier curves and the differences between the curves were analysed with the Mantel-Cox test. Multivariate analysis used the Cox proportional hazards model. Univariate analysis isolated each of the following as significant prognosticators: largest tumour diameter (LTD) (p < 0.002), presence of epithelioid cells (p < 0.03), and glaucoma (p < 0.001). A combination of cell type, glaucoma, and LTD (p < 0.0001) had strong and independent prognostic significance in multivariate analysis. The results of this series are compared with previous studies and the value of cell type information and new quantitative parameters is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Alcohol and drugs.

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Alcohol Drinking↗