Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Fára

Publications and source records attributed to M Fára.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Long-term experiences with the two-stage palatoplasty with regard to the development of maxillary arch.

From our data on 46 patients operated on by one surgeon in 1961 and 1962 who were regularly examined up to adulthood, it may be concluded that the growth results of the two-stage palatoplasty, when the second stage is done before the patient is 7 years of age, are almost identical to the results of one-stage palate repair performed at the age of 3 to 4 years. However, a greater orthodontic effort is needed to achieve a properly aligned dentoalveolar arch with the two-stage palatoplasty.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1992

Francis Burian--founder of the treatment of facial clefts in Czechoslovakia.

Prof. F. Burian, the founder of Czechoslovak Plastic Surgery, belonged to the world-wide scale among the most prominent pioneers of this field. His main interest and professional concern was devoted to the problems of facial clefts. The present communication reviews the gradual development of surgical repair of cleft lip and palate from the early twenties to the late fifties at the Department for Plastic Surgery in Prague, headed by Prof. F. Burian.

Cleft Palate↗
PubMed1992

[Extensive corium grafts].

Even in our times of revolutionary advances in the technology and operative techniques in plastic surgery, the corium is a material with multiple applications and can be found in the patient at varying thickness. The aim of the article is to show that its indication to reinforce flaccid musculature or to cover muscular defects of the abdominal wall is fully justified even in a time of routine use of plastic nets.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1991

Aetiological, modifying and lethal factors in cleft lip and palate.

Prenatal factors influencing cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP) and isolated cleft palate (CP) may account for the development of the defect (aetiological factor) for a change in the degree or type of the defect (modifying factor), or for the death of the embryo (lethal factor). Each active factor appears to act in all three directions, all be it at different ratios. This is used for analysis of groups of cleft-effected individuals registered at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Prague, from the catchment area of Bohemia. In terms of cleft defect teratogenesis (aetiology, modification, lethality) a "protective influence" appears probable in female embryos, in blood group A (ABO system), in HLA antigens A9, A11, B35. An "embryotoxic influence" i.e., an increase in all the three influences is seen in male embryos, regional influences, in the B and AB blood groups, in HLA antigens B17, in primiparae, in multiple pregnancies, in older mothers and in cytomegalovirus infections. The Epstein-Barr virus seem to increase, in particular, CLP embryo lethality. The activity of the factors was rated by means of correlations between the cleft frequency in first-degree relatives and the frequency of the factor in six subgroups classified by the cleft defect subtypes, by means of interactions between two and more factors and by a study of the differences between male and female probands. A model of the threshold of CL and CP teratogenesis was proposed, a model in agreement with prenatal reciprocal equilibrium.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1991

Extensive corium grafts.

Even in our times of revolutionary advances in the technology and operative techniques in plastic surgery, the corium is a material with multiple applications and can be found in the patient at varying thickness. The aim of the article is to show that its indication to reinforce flaccid musculature or to cover muscular defects of the abdominal wall is fully justified even in a time of routine use of plastic nets.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1990

[Present trends in the treatment of burn injuries].

The authors present contemporary experience as regards burn injuries assembled by the Burns Centre of the clinic of Plastic Surgery of the Medical Faculty of Hygiene--Charles University Prague with the treatment of burns with special attention to team work and surgical procedures. The authors discuss all stages of work with the patient starting with his transport, treatment of shock, indications of releasing incisions, necretomies, various types of transplantations to cultivation of autologous and homologous epithelium. Special attention is devoted to treatment of electric injuries.

Burns↗
PubMed1989

Protective family regimen in cleft lip and palate.

The Department of Plastic Surgery, Prague, provides comprehensive care to children and families where cleft lip and palate occur, which goes under the name of preventive family regimen. Apart from the treatment alone, this regimen is the concern of a number of specialists whose aim is to eliminate the parents' sense of "guilt", and to try, with the aid of the family, to create a situation which would improve the condition for the child's socialization. The geneticist is in charge of the prenatal preventive regimen which consists in the recommendation for the dated conception in an attempt to influence the baby's sex prior to conception, in eliminating potential internal and infectious (TORCH) etiological factors as well as potential teratogenic agents within the family. Gynecological care is aimed at uterine hypoplasia, atypia, gynaecological inflammation and hormonal deviations. Two months prior to conception and in the 1st trimester, it is recommended to keep to a diet rich in proteins, mineral substances, trace elements, vitamins and folic acid. The authors point to the potential risks of this method (impaired prenatal selection, increased fertility of risk families). At present, it is not possible to make an objective assessment of the results of the preventive pre-conception regimen due to the unrepresentative selection of the group under observation.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1989

[Use of genealogical patterns to record family relationships].

The authors draw attention to the possibility to use classical genealogical patterns for recording basic characteristics of families during psychological and psychiatric examinations. In the pattern the birth order, age and sex of siblings, relationship in the dyad or between family members, dominance and submissiveness, extramarital relations etc. can be indicated. The pattern ensures easy orientation, makes the work faster and the data can be used for research purposes.

Family↗
PubMed1989

[A pre-pregnancy preventive regimen (pre-pregnancy preparation) for cleft lip and palate].

In families with the risk of cleft lip and palate at the Clinic of Plastic Surgery in Prague a preconception and prenatal protective regime (planned conception) is ensured. The protective regime comprises a recommended time of conception, elimination of possible medical causes of the defect, investigation of infections of group TROCH, optimalization of the living and working environment. Gynaecological care is focused on the hormonal status of the women, gynaecological inflammations and hypoplasia of the uterus. Two months before conception a diet rich in protein, vitamins and minerals, trace elements and folic acid is recommended. The authors discuss possible risks of this method, problems of evaluation of the results and possibilities of testing its effectiveness.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1988

Orofacial clefts. A theoretical basis for their prevention and treatment.

In spite of the existing huge number of data on palate development as well as the incidence, experimental induction and clinical treatment of orofacial clefts, no unitary concept has been made available that would make possible their sorting out, further interpretation and extrapolation. The aim of this monograph has been to provide firm grounds for managing the data within categories consistent with the general principles of teratogenesis reformulated and extended upon the theory of morphogenetic systems, and, upon this basis, to evaluate the present chances of preventing the origin of orofacial clefts. Chapter 1 introduces the problem of birth defects that possess some distinct features in common with the recognised prime problems of present medicine, that is neoplastic and cardiovascular diseases. Orofacial clefts represent a substantial component of the human birth-defect spectrum that is a mere remnant of the original volume of teratogenesis estimated as affecting about 35% of human embryos. The merciful process of prenatal extinction of abnormal conceptuses, or terathanasia, reduces this eminent figure by approximately one order of magnitude. Basing upon the prevalence of clefts in embryos and infants we may say that the prenatal extinction of individuals with orofacial clefts lies somewhere between 70-90%. Chapter 2 deals with the history of recognising and formulating the general principles of teratology that go back to Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. Estimating the contribution of the great personalities such as Dareste, Schwalbe, and J. G. Wilson, the chapter enumerates and describes the ten principles of teratogenesis as having arisen from the known rules extended and reformulated by the original theory of morphogenetic systems. In their sum, the principles constitute a deductive system defining teratogenesis at several levels of bioorganisation, capable of predicting the large-scale effects of environmental impact on animal and human reproduction. Chapter 3 presents the orofacial clefts in the light of the theory of morphogenetic systems. Palatal morphogenesis is accomplished under the conditions of extraordinary spatial complexity and extends over a relatively long period of development. Several morphogenetic subsystems may be distinguished, namely the morphogenetic subsystem (smgs) of facial outgrowths, the smgs of palatal shelves, the smgs of the glossomandibular complex and, eventually, the smgs of the axial cervical region, acting at different phases of palatal development.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗