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Biomedical subjects

M F Omojola

Publications and source records attributed to M F Omojola.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Spontaneous thrombosis of congenital cerebral arteriovenous malformation complicated by subdural collection: in utero detection with disappearance in infancy.

We report a case of congenital left temporal lobe arteriovenous malformation (AVM) detected by cranial ultrasound in utero and confirmed immediately after birth by cranial Doppler ultrasound and cranial MRI. The AVM disappeared on follow-up cranial MRI 4 months later. A small left frontal subdural collection was present on these follow-up MR images, which subsequently resolved by the 7 month MRI study. The cause of the spontaneous thrombosis of the AVM is uncertain. The frontal subdural collection may be secondary to volume loss. This case documents the perinatal presence of AVM. The baby was neurologically intact before, during and after the thrombosis of the AVM.

Female↗
PubMed1999

Late epileptic seizures after cerebral infarction.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the profile of late epileptic seizures following cerebral infarcts and the predictive clinical and radiological factors associated with their development. METHODS: We compared 86 patients who developed late seizures after cerebral infarction with 285 similar patients who did not develop seizures for at least 1 year after their stroke. Patients who had seizures only at the onset of the stroke were excluded. Odds' ratios were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Simple partial, and mainly motor seizures, with or without secondary generalization, accounted for 80% of the classifiable seizures but it was not possible to determine the seizure type in half of the cases. Factors that appeared to be predictive of seizure development were the presence of large cortical infarcts and the presence of apparently preserved cerebral tissue within the infarcted area. Seizures were rare in patients with lacunar infarction but the presence of associated leukoaraiosis increased the risk. The risk was also increased in patients with other medical problems known to lower seizure threshold, such as renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Computed tomographic evaluation of gastric emphysema--a report of three cases.

We present three patients, one male and two females, who had gastric emphysema demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) by chance. All patients had adenocarcinoma of the gastric antrum resulting in gastric outlet obstruction. We have classified these as the obstructive type of gastric emphysema. An additional cause in two of our patients could be a recent biopsy at UGI endoscopy. In one patient the emphysema was localized and the diagnosis could only have been made by CT. The two other patients had the usual pattern of extensive mural gas along the greater and lesser curvature of the stomach while dissection of gas into the retroperitoneum was present in one of them. There were no systemic effects attributable to the emphysema in all three patients. This reinforces the belief that gastric emphysema is not infective in origin.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

CT and MRI features of cavernous haemangioma of internal auditory canal.

A left internal auditory canal (IAC) cavernous haemangioma is reported in a 45-year-old Saudi male. The lesion was associated with rapidly deteriorating hearing loss and facial nerve dysfunction. CT showed a calcified enhanced IAC lesion while T1 weighted MRI showed an isointense contrast enhancing lesion bulging into the porus acousticus. The imaging features of the three usual IAC lesions--meningioma, acoustic neuroma and cavernous haemangioma--were compared. Calcification/ossification appear more commonly in cavernous haemangioma than in the other two lesions while facial nerve dysfunction is a clinical hallmark of IAC cavernous haemangioma.

Ear Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

Leuko-araiosis and stroke: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: Association of leuko-araiosis (LA) with certain risk factors has been reported in Western patients. This is a case-control study to determine the risk factors and the type of stroke associated with LA in Saudi patients. DESIGN AND SETTING: 398 consecutive Saudi patients with the diagnosis of stroke admitted over a 6-year period were evaluated for presence or absence of LA on cranial computed tomography. LA and non-LA groups were compared with regards to the presence of certain risk factors such as type of stroke, age, brain atrophy, systemic hypertension and history of cardiac disease or diabetes mellitus. The odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the strength of association between the different parameters. RESULTS: The mean age in the LA group was 67.8 +/- 8.5 years as compared to 61.2 +/- 13.2 years in the non-LA group. No patient younger than 40 years had LA on CT. Incidence of LA increased with age. Forty-seven percent of the LA group were over 70 years of age compared to 31% of the non-LA group (OR = 2, CI 1.26-3.15). Generalised atrophy was detected in 40% of patients with LA compared to 20% of non-LA group (OR 2.7, CI 1.65-4.39). Sixty-nine percent of patients in the LA group had lacunar infarct compare to 39% in the non-LA group (OR 3.4, CI 2.15-5.59). The difference was not significant between the two groups in relation to the frequency of cerebral hemorrhage or larger infarcts. Systemic hypertension was also significantly associated with the presence of LA (OR 2.15, CI 1.34-3.43). CONCLUSION: LA is associated mainly with lacunar infarcts, cerebral atrophy, systemic hypertension and advanced age in Saudi patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Radiology in the neonatal intensive care unit: dose reduction and image quality.

This paper describes a prospective study of the diagnostic radiation doses received in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for a representative radiological technique used at our institution for a number of years and a "low dose" technique similar to that recommended by the Commission of the European Communities (CEC). A 400 speed film-screen combination was used in both techniques. A total of 363 anteroposterior (AP) chest and abdominal films of 77 neonates were accrued. For each radiograph, the entrance skin dose (FSD), energy imparted (EI) and mean whole body dose were determined. For a neonatal AP chest, there was an 18% reduction in the mean ESD per radiograph from 20.0 muGy for the representative technique to 16.4 muGy for the low dose technique (p < 0.0005). The reduction in the mean EI per radiograph values for the two techniques from 7.9 muJ to 7.1 muJ (10%) was statistically significant at the p < 0.017 level, after compensating for the difference in mean field dimensions between the two patient cohorts. The mean whole body dose per radiograph reduction from 4.4 to 3.5 muGy (20%) was statistically significant at the p < 0.0028 level. It was determined that the ESD and EI could be fitted by an exponential function in the equivalent patient diameter, a single parameter indicative of neonate size. Absolute excess childhood cancer mortality risk per film was estimated using risk factors derived for fetal exposures. A "worst case" absolute excess mortality risk per chest radiograph was estimated to be 1.40 x 10(-7) for the conventional technique and was further reduced to 1.11 x 10(-7) for the low dose technique. A blind comparison of patient-matched film pairs for each technique was performed by three radiologists using criteria similar to those specified by the CEC. No statistically significant difference in clinical image quality was found between the two techniques.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Computed tomographic brain scan findings in Saudi epileptic patients.

Computed tomographic (CT) brain scan was performed on 142 consecutive epileptic patients of Saudi Arab extraction without clinical features of acute illness or a progressive neurological disorder at presentation. CT brain scan was normal in 56 patients (39%). CT scan was abnormal in 57 (73%) of 78 patients over 20 years of age compared with 29 (45%) of 64 younger patients (x2 = 11.3; p < 0.001); and in 25 (75%) of 36 patients presumed to suffer from symptomatic epilepsy on clinical grounds compared with 36 (46%) of 76 others with idiopathic epilepsy (x2 = 8.2; p < 0.01). Potentially treatable lesions were detected in 11 (8%) patients and congenital lesions in 9 (6%). Multiple lesions were present in the CT scan of 20 patients. Cerebral atrophy (CA), the commonest lesion detected, was present in 52 (37%) of 142 patients and 60% of 86 patients with abnormal CT scans. Diffuse CA was present in 21% of 78 patients over 20 years of age compared with 14% of 64 younger patients. Similarly, diffuse CA occurred in 25% of 48 patients with late-onset epilepsy compared with 14% of 94 patients in whom seizures began before the age of 20 years. Our findings are in accord with those previously reported and underscore the need for selective and judicious use of CT scan facilities in epileptic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Bone changes in sickle cell anaemia.

Analysis of available radiographs of the skeletal system in 50 patients suffering from sickle cell anaemia in the Assir Region (South Western height and valley) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia taken over a three year period showed a wide spectrum of bone changes. Both infarctions and medullary hyperplasia were common, producing the usual previously reported changes. Spinal changes, mostly osteoporosis and vertebral end plate depression were more prominent in the younger age group. Avascular necrosis of femoral head was common and occurred earlier than in previous reports in the literature. Humeral head and radial head necrosis were also recorded. The overall findings agree with recent reports from both the Eastern and Western regions of the Kingdom that bone changes in SCA are common and could be more severe than in other countries. Complications such as osteomyelitis and fractures were not common.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Hydatid disease of the liver: evaluation of ultrasound and computed tomography.

We have evaluated computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US) in 41 patients with hepatic hydatid disease. CT was diagnostic in all patients, while US performed on 36 patients was diagnostic in 34. In the remaining two cases, heavy calcification in one and a large amount of intracavitary air in the other prevented accurate diagnosis. The US findings in the liver regarding cyst form (multilocular or unilocular), size and location were comparable to those of CT. CT detected associated extrahepatic cysts in the abdomen and pelvis in 11 patients while US performed on the same group of patients detected such cysts in seven patients. It is suggested that the entire abdomen and pelvis should be scanned in patients suspected of hydatid disease and when a hepatic lesion is suggestive of the disease.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1992

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma within a choledochal cyst.

The authors describe a 6-year-old girl in whom they found an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in a choledochal cyst; they found no previous reports of such an association. The patient presented with recurrent jaundice and loss of weight and appetite. A large abdominal mass was palpable. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a large subhepatic mass, which contained multiple septations and mural masses delineating cystic areas. The common hepatic duct opened directly into the mass, and the intrahepatic radicles were dilated. Intraoperative cholangiography revealed that the cysts in the mass were continuous with the hepatic and intrahepatic radicles. The mass was completely excised, and a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was performed. Postoperative adjunct chemotherapy and radiotherapy were instituted.

Biliary Tract Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Intracranial haemorrhages after Nebo hierochonticus scorpion sting.

A 3-year-old boy, who was previously well, developed acute pulmonary oedema, fundal haemorrhages, temporary blindness and deafness following a Nebo hierochonticus scorpion sting. Cranial CT scan 8 days after admission showed bilaterally symmetrical multiple hyperdense areas with intense enhancement in the cerebellar and cerebral hemispheres consistent with multiple haemorrhages. He made a complete clinical recovery with resorption of the retinal haemorrhages 4 weeks after the scorpion sting. Cranial CT scan 8 months later revealed the intracranial lesions to be hypodense with no contrast enhancement, indicating resorption of the haemorrhages.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) in children with sickle cell disease residing at high and low altitudes of Saudi Arabia.

In a 3-year period, eight cases of cerebrovascular accident were seen out of 400 patients with sickle cell disease residing at high and low altitudes of Asir Province of Saudi Arabia. They were all Saudi nationals and comprised five boys and three girls of ages ranging from 3.5 to 9 years. They had varied clinical presentations of their cerebrovascular accident. Cranial computed tomography in seven of them showed abnormality in the region of the middle cerebral circulation. Management and some suggested factors contributing to the occurrence of the cerebrovascular accident are discussed.

Altitude↗
PubMed1988

Diverticula of the colon in three Nigerian siblings.

This is a report of diverticular disease of the colon in three Nigerian adult siblings. Diverticular disease of the colon is known to be rare in Nigerians. Presence of this disease in a large number of a particular family raises the possibility of a familial tendency or some other undefined underlying abnormality. The three siblings have spent some years in the industrialized world. Our anecdotal experience however shows that the prevalence of diverticular disease of the colon may be on the increase in Nigeria.

Diverticulum, Colon↗
PubMed1982

Thoracic myelopathy secondary to ossified ligamentum flavum.

The authors report a case of ossification of the ligamentum flavum at T-10 and T-11 associated with compressive myelopathy. Metrizamide myelography with computerized tomography allowed precise preoperative diagnosis and anatomic localization of the lesion. The patient had satisfactory and prompt improvement after surgical intervention.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Hemorrhagic encephalitis produced by selective non-occlusive intracarotid BCNU injection in dogs.

A selective non-occlusive technique was developed for administration of BCNU (1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) into the internal carotid artery of the dog, and the neuropathological effects in the brain were studied. One out of three dogs showed ipsilateral hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis at doses of 102 mg/sq m, and all of three dogs showed similar but more severe pathology at doses of 215 to 232 mg/sq m. This study and previous studies in the dog and monkey suggest definite thresholds above which cerebral toxicity occurs when BCNU is administered via the intracarotid route. Greater dilution of drug in the larger territory of supply of the human internal carotid artery allows somewhat higher doses in man. The pathology of the lesion induced by BCNU suggests a primary vascular injury as a pathogenic mechanism, consonant with similar findings following high-dose systemic BCNU administration in man. Investigators conducting ongoing and future trials of intracarotid BCNU in the human for the treatment of intracranial neoplasms should be especially vigilant for a similar toxic effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Osteoid osteoma: an evaluation of diagnostic modalities.

Significant delays still occur in the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma yet in two-thirds of cases the plain films show the characteristic features; unfortunately, early changes may be overlooked. A diagnostic approach is proposed for the investigation of focal bone pain in young individuals. Plain radiography is followed by isotope bone scanning with, if possible, a bone blood flow study. Tomography is sometimes helpful in atypical cases. CT scanning is valuable in foci in the axial skeleton including the pelvis. Lesions in the appendages of the vertebrae should be sought in patients with painful scoliosis or lordosis of relatively recent onset.

Adolescent↗