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Biomedical subjects

M F Oliver

Publications and source records attributed to M F Oliver.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Ventricular refractoriness during acute myocardial ischaemia and its relationship to ventricular fibrillation.

Studies were made in anaesthetised dog of the effects of repeated acute occlusions of a branch of the anterior descending coronary artery on ventricular refractory periods in adjacent ischaemic and non-ischaemic myocardium. Differences occurred in refractoriness between normal and ischaemic areas in the ventricle. This was greatest 2.5 min after occlusion, and on release of occlusion, ventricular refractory periods reverted to normal within 5 min. Spontaneous ventricular fibrillation was directly and significantly related to the degree of dispersion of refractoriness in a given dog immediately preceding release and following release of occlusion. Infusion of isoprenaline caused significant shortening of refactory period and increased dispersion of refractoriness during ischaemia. Studies of dispersion of refractoriness should prove valuable in assessing the efficiency of metabolic or antiarrhythmic protection against ventricular fibrillation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Regional variations in mortality from ischaemic heart and cerebrovascular disease in Britain.

In middle-aged men and women, mortality from ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease is highest in the north and west of Britain. The worst region is West Central Scotland. Statistical analysis using a linear logistic model shows that the differences between the regions are significant and the yearly fluctuation in numbers of deaths contributes little to the overall variation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Histocompatibility antigens and myocardial infarction.

HLA typing was carried out in 50 Edinburgh men aged 45 years or under who had experienced a myocardial infarction and in 96 healthy 40-year-old men radomly selected from the same community. No significant differences in antigen frequencies were found, and our results therefore fail to support the hypothesis suggesting an association between HLA-B8 and haplotype A1-B8 with ischemic heart disease.

HLA Antigens↗
PubMed1977

Praecordial ST segment elevation. New technique for continuous recording and analysis.

The measurement of praecordial ST segment elevation after myocardial infarction is of value in assessing the natural history of ischaemic injury and the effectiveness of intervention. Hand analysis is, however, time consuming and inaccurate. A technique for continuous recording from 35 praecordial leads and subsequent computer analysis is presented, together with illustrative case studies. Changes in body posture and in heart rate are of importance in subsequent data interpretation.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Prognosis of new and worsening angina pectoris.

The natural history of new and worsening angina pectoris was studied in 251 men aged under 70 years. Most were ambulant and all were referred by selected general practitioners to a special hospital clinic over two and a half years. Heart attacks developed in 39 patients, nine of whom died. Seventy-two per cent of the attacks occurred within six weeks of the onset or worsening of angina. Of the 212 patients who did not suffer myocardial infarction and who were clinically reviewed six months after their first attendance 66 had been pain free for the previous three months and 14 had experienced only infrequent attacks of angina. Of the 128 men aged under 65 years who were previously in employment 81% had returned to full-time work six months after their first attendance. A discriminant function analysis using many variables was made to develop a predictive index that would allow patients with new or worsening angina who were likely to develop serious cardiac complications to be identified. This did not prove possible, and the only predictive factor of significance was an increased cardiothoracic ratio. The syndrome of new and worsening angina has a low risk of early death, and many patients are symptom free six months later. In general, emergency coronary arteriography and surgery is not indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Turnover of plasma glucose and free fatty acids in patients on the first day after myocardial infarction.

1. The turnover of plasma glucose and free fatty acids was measured in ten patients within 24 h of the onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction and in two with symptoms of acute myocardial ischaemia. The measurements were repeated in seven of the patients 12-40 weeks after the acute episode. 2. Both for the patients with acute myocardial infarction alone and for all the individuals studied the turnover of glucose increased with plasma glucose concentration but was not related to the turnover of free fatty acids or the plasma concentrations of free fatty acids, insulin or total catecholamines. There was no obvious difference in the nature of the glucose turnover-concentration relationship between the patients with acute myocardial infarction, with acute myocardial ischaemia and on re-examination. 3. For all the individuals studied the turnover of free fatty acids increased with the concentration of these but was not related to the turnover of glucose or the plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin or total catecholamines. There was no obvious difference in the nature of the free fatty acids turnover-concentration relaionship between the patients with acute myocardial infarction, with acute myocardial ischaemia and on re-examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effects of p-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate on free fatty acid mobilization from canine subcutaneous adipose tissue in situ.

1. The mechanism whereby p-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate (CPIB) lowers plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations has been studied in dogs by measuring the associated changes in adipose tissue metabolism. 2. CPIB lowered arterial concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids during isoprenaline infusion by a mean value of 41%. 3. This was accompanied by a proportionate decrease (45%) in the release of non-esterified fatty acids from subcutaneous adipose tissue in situ, and by a lesser reduction (22%) in than of glycerol. 4. Adipose tissue blood flow was unchanged by CPIB. 5. These findings indicate that the lowering effect of CPIB on non-esterified fatty acid concentrations derives principally from decreased mobilization rather than from increased tissue uptake of the fatty acids, and that this reflects both inhibited lipolysis and enhanced re-esterification of the fatty acids in adipose tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Relationship of epicardial ST segment elevation to the plasma free fatty acid/albumin ratio during coronary occlusion in dogs.

1. Intravenous infusions of lipid-free albumin were used to lower the arterial non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA)/albumin ratio during coronary occlusion in dogs. 2. Reduction of the NEFA/albumin ratio was accompanied by proportionate reductions in myocardical uptake of NEFA and the degree of ST segment elevation in epicardial electrocardiographic recordings from the ischaemic zone. Aortic pressure and heart rate were unchanged. 3. Infusions of control albumin preparations had no effect on the NEFA/albumin ratio or ST segment elevation. 4. These observations support the proposition that the disturbance of cellular function during myocardial ischaemia is influenced by the degree of saturation of albumin-binding sites with NEFA and by their availability.

Adipose Tissue↗