Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M F Guill

Publications and source records attributed to M F Guill.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Comparison of inhaled metaproterenol, inhaled atropine sulfate, and their combination in treatment of children with acute asthma.

The separate and combined effects of inhaled metaproterenol and atropine sulfate were evaluated in the treatment of 44 episodes of acute asthma occurring in 35 children ranging in age from 13 months to 13 years. Peak expiratory flow rate and pulmonary index were measured before and after each of up to three inhalation treatments. Significant improvement in peak flow rate (P less than .04) was noted after the second inhalation of metaproterenol both with and without the combination of atropine sulfate compared with the effects of atropine alone. Patients treated with metaproterenol and metaproterenol combined with atropine also experienced fewer therapeutic failures (2/15 and 2/16, respectively) compared with those treated with atropine (6/13, P less than .02). Pulmonary index scores did not differ among the treatment groups. Inhaled metaproterenol appears to be more effective than inhaled atropine sulfate in the treatment of children with acute asthma. The addition of inhaled atropine sulfate appears to offer no advantage over treatment with inhaled metaproterenol alone.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of terfenadine suspension in the treatment of fall-allergic rhinitis in children.

Children, aged 6 to 12 years, with fall-pollenosis symptoms, were evaluated for their response to a new antihistamine, terfenadine, in a multicenter (six centers) 1-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. All had positive skin tests to grass/weed pollens and/or mold spores prevalent in the fall at each center. Patients were administered placebo or terfenadine as suspension on a randomized basis, with children weighing less than 30 kg receiving terfenadine suspension, 30 mg twice daily, and those weighing greater than 30 kg receiving 60 mg, twice daily. Of the 119 children enrolled, 79 received terfenadine and 40 received placebo. All but two (lost to follow-up) were included for the evaluation of drug safety, whereas 16 were excluded from the efficacy evaluation (11 receiving terfenadine and five receiving placebo) because of protocol noncompliance. Overall, varying degrees of control of symptoms were observed in 85% of the patients in the group taking terfenadine as compared to 60% in the group taking placebo. The symptoms of rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and sneezing demonstrated the best response. There was no difference between the two groups in adverse events or side effects. Before and after treatment complete blood count, biochemical profile, and urinalysis revealed that there was no change from beginning to end and no difference between the groups. We conclude that terfenadine suspension is a safe, nonsedating antihistamine with an incidence of side effects no different from that of placebo. It is more effective than placebo in controlling symptoms of fall pollenosis in children.

Benzhydryl Compounds↗
PubMed1985

Metabisulfite sensitivity: case report and literature review.

Sulfiting agents have recently been identified as food and drug additives responsible for adverse reactions. These reactions are not rare and may result in life-threatening asthma and anaphylaxis. We report a 34-year-old female with intractable asthma and urticaria. Sensitivity to sulfites was suspected based on exacerbation after restaurant meals and metaproterenol 5% inhalant solution. Bronchial provocation challenge resulted in a 28% decrease in FEV1 and a 34% decrease in FEF25-75 at the 0.01 mg/ml dose. Thirty-two cases of sulfite sensitivity reported in the literature are reviewed. Foods and drugs containing sulfites are listed. The pathogenic mechanism is unknown. The FDA allows the addition of sulfites to foods and drugs without disclosure. Only recently has this potential hazard been recognized. The FDA is considering a labeling requirement on drugs that do contain sulfites.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Chronic urticaria related to sialoadenitis.

A 31-year-old black male experienced severe recurrent urticaria and angioedema during meals. An abnormal sialographic pattern indicated submandibular sialoadenitis, and surgical excision of the gland resulted in complete resolution of the urticaria. This report describes the association of sialoadenitis and urticaria and possible mechanisms involved.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa. Treatment with phenytoin.

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare, heritable, blistering disease of the skin characterized by presence of bullae at birth, lack of scarring of the lesions, and early death. To date there has been no effective treatment for the disease. Phenytoin, which decreases collagenase activity in human skin explants and fibroblast cultures, has been used successfully to treat patients with recessive dystrophic EB. We found a marked decrease in new blister formation in one child with junctional EB during phenytoin therapy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1983

Phenytoin therapy for junctional epidermolysis bullosa.

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a recessively inherited mechanobullous disease characterized by neonatal onset of blisters, healing without scarring or milium formation, dystrophic nails, and internal involvement in some patients. Several treatment modalities have been tried, including systemic corticosteroids and oral vitamin E, but no form of therapy has been uniformly successful. We describe a patient with JEB treated with phenytoin, followed by improvement in his skin lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abnormalities in lymphocyte populations in infants with neural crest cardiovascular defects.

The DiGeorge syndrome has been associated with various immune deficits. Embryologically, defects of the neural crest are associated with conotruncal and aortic arch abnormalities. The objective of this study was to determine if children with neural crest congenital heart defects can have subtle but significant immunodeficiencies. Complete blood counts with differential counts and a standard lymphocyte immunophenotyping panel of selected monoclonal antibodies were performed on peripheral blood from 20 children with neural crest cardiac disease and 34 normal newborns. The children with cardiac disease were grouped as survivors and nonsurvivors. The mean total white blood cell count was similar for all groups, but the percent lymphocytes was significantly less in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors and normal newborns (p < 0. 02). The lymphocyte subsets affected were CD2, CD3, and CD4. When the cardiac patients were compared to the normal newborns, again differences in lymphocyte subsets CD2, CD3, and CD4 were seen. When comparing nonsurvivors with survivors, the mean percentages of the CD2, CD3, and CD4 T lymphocyte markers, as well as the mean lymphocyte, B cell (CD20), and natural killer cell (CD16) percentages were all lower in the nonsurvivors. It was concluded that abnormalities in specific lymphocyte populations and their subsets may be predictors of infants at greatest risk for immunodeficiency complications. Therefore children with neural crest cardiac defects should have evaluations of lymphocyte subsets at birth and be treated as if potentially immunodeficient.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗