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Biomedical subjects

M F Folstein

Publications and source records attributed to M F Folstein.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Psychiatric screening on a neurological ward.

Two psychiatric screening instruments, the Mini-Mental State (MMS), a test for cognitive disturbance, and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), were administered to 197 neurological in-patients. The results suggest a high rate of psychiatric disturbance. The highest rate of cognitive disturbance detected by the MMS was found in patients with Parkinson's disease. The highest rates of emotional disturbance indicated by GHQ scores were related to myasthenia gravis and multiple sclerosis. MMS scores but not GHQ scores were related to standard tests of cognition, the diagnosis of cerebral pathology, and CAT scan abnormality. The results also demonstrate that the GHQ does not adequately detect patients with cognitive impairment. It is concluded that in populations at high risk for cognitive impairment a tandem screening procedure utilizing tests for both cognitive and emotional disorders is needed.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1980

Differential antianxiety response to caloric intake between normal and obese subjects.

Obese subjects (N = 152) attending a weight reduction clinic and controls (N = 62) rated numerous aspects of their psychological state using analogue scales before and after a standard liquid meal. Prior to the meal, the only difference in psychological state between the groups was that the obese subjects had higher scores than controls on the questions relating to their self-perception of "fatness." Following the meal, the obese subjects, including some previously obese (now normal weight) subjects, reported a decrease in "anxiety" as reflected by significant changes in premeal to postmeal scores on 5 anxiety-related questions. Control subjects tested in two separate groups, one demographically matched and one nonmatched, did not experience this "antianxiety" effect, but reported postmeal increases in feelings of "fatness" and "sexual arousal" as compared with the obese subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Reduced caloric intake following small bowel bypass surgery: a systematic study of possible causes.

Food intake, appetite and a variety of feelings were measured pre- and post-operatively in obese patients undergoing jejuno-ileal bypass surgery. Decreased food intake correlated closely with the amount of weight loss at both 4 and 30 months after surgery. Malabsorption correlated with weight loss at 4 months but not 30 months post-operatively. The cause of the decreased food intake is unknown and cannot be completely explained by either depression, nausea, malabsorption, liver disease, an attempt to avert diarrhoea, or decreased appetite.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Performance on three cognitive tasks by patients with dementia, depression or Korsakov's syndrome.

Perception, attention and recall were measured in geriatric subjects and patients suffering from dementia, Korsakov's psychosis or depression. Dementia patients were unable to perceive, attend and recall; depressed patients were unable to attend; and patients with Korsakov's psychosis were unable to attend and recall. Perception, attention and recall were correlated in the normal group but not in any one patient group. Traditional assumption of the interdependence of these functions may not be applicable to these patients. Demented patients show a different pattern of cognitive disability than age-matched controls.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Psychiatric disturbances in neurological patients: detection, recognition, and hospital course.

The Mini-Mental State and General Health Questionnaire were used to detect cognitive defects and emotional disturbances, respectively, in 126 consecutively admitted neurological patients. The Mini-Mental State was revalidated in this sample as a measure related to cerebral disorder. Sixty-seven percent of the patients tested had cognitive defect, emotional disturbance, or both. Thirty percent of the patients with psychiatric disturbance were not recognized by their physician. The majority of psychiatric disturbances persisted at the time of discharge. Since psychiatric disturbances are common among neurological inpatients and are frequently unrecognized, further evaluation of the psychiatric training of neurologists is needed. Simple screening tests may help to increase the recognition of psychiatric disturbance. It is concluded that the Board requirement for neurologists to know psychiatry accurately reflects "the nature of their case material."

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The clinical utility of the hand-held tachistoscope.

A hand-held tachistoscope for use at the bedside was constructed and used to examine 40 normal controls and 170 psychiatric and neurological patients. This instrument quickly provided an index (perception time) which distinguished between idiopathic psychiatric illness and delirium, and between cortical and subcortical neuropathology. Slow perception time was seen in patients with delirium or cortical neuropathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Defective long-term caloric regulation in obesity.

Whereas precise caloric intake occurs in normal and obese individuals on an acute basis, obese subjects do not maintain caloric regulation when there is a long overnight delay detween the preload and the subsequent meals.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Mood disorder as a specific complication of stroke.

In an effort to discern whether cerebral vascular injuries provoke specific emotional disturbances, 20 consecutively admitted stroke patients were compared with 10 orthopaedic patients. Both groups were examined for functional disabilities (Activities of Daily Living) and for psychiatric symptoms. Reliable and valid instruments, the Hamilton Rating Scale, the Visual Analogue Mood Scale, the Present State Exam, and the Mini-Mental State Exam were employed to display the psychopathology. More of stroke patients than orthopaedic patients were depressed (45% versus 10%) even though the level of functional disability in both groups were the same. Patients with right hemisphere stroke seemed particularly vulnerable and and displayed a syndrome of irritability, loss of interest, and difficulty in concentration, in addition to depression of mood (70% of right hemisphere stroke patients versus 0% left hemisphere stroke patients and 0% orthopaedic patients). We conclude that mood disorder is a more specific complication of stroke than simply a response to the motor disability. We suggest that a controlled trial of antidepressant medication is indicated for patients with this complication.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of DSM-III personality structure in a general-population survey.

The object of this study is to assess the internal validity of DSM-III personality constructs and to explore whether the constituent elements are better explained by an alternate internally coherent classification. A two-stage stratified random sample of subjects identified at the Baltimore site of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) program were examined by psychiatrists for DSM-III personality attributes using a semistructured instrument. Dichotomous factor analysis was used in the confirmatory mode to test whether a single factor explained each of the 11 DSM-III personality disorders. This approach rejected a single explanatory factor for all but compulsive personality disorder. Exploratory factor analysis showed that these DSM-III personality features are parsimoniously described by a five-factor model. These factors are warmth, animation, timidity, trust, and scrupulousness.

Adolescent↗