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Biomedical subjects

M F Costa

Publications and source records attributed to M F Costa.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Exposure to acellular blood products and risk of HIV infection in hemophiliacs from Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Results of a HIV prevalence study conducted in hemophiliacs from Belo Horizonte, Brazil are presented. History of exposure to acellular blood components was determined for the five year period prior to entry in the study, which occurred during 1986 and 1987. Patients with coagulations disorders (hemophilia A = 132, hemophilia B = 16 and coagulation disorders other than hemophilia = 16) were transfused with liquid cryoprecipitate, locally produced, lyophilized cryoprecipitate, imported from São Paulo (Brazil) and factor VIII and IX, imported from Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Europe, and United States. Thirty six (22%) tested HIV seropositive. The univariate and multivariate analysis (logistic model) demonstrated that the risk of HIV infection during the study period was associated with the total units of acellular blood components transfused. In addition, the proportional contribution of the individual components to the total acellular units transfused, namely a increase in factor VIII/IX and lyophilized cryoprecipitate proportions, were found to be associated with HIV seropositivity. This analysis suggest that not only the total amount of units was an important determinant of HIV infection, but that the risk was also associated with the specific component of blood transfused.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Death of elderly patients in the Santa Genoveva Clinic in Rio de Janeiro: excess mortality that the public health system could have prevented].

From January to May 1996, 156 inpatients died in a clinic for elderly people in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The highest mortality rate was observed in May: 143/1,000 inpatients. As a result, the clinic was closed by the Ministry of Health. This study investigated whether the excessive number of deaths observed in the clinic in early 1996 was unexpected or reflected prevailing conditions. The investigation used the Public Health System database (SIH-SUS). The study period was 01/1993 to 05/1996. The investigation was based on: 1) a time-series analysis of the number of deaths and crude mortality rates and 2) comparison of the mortality rates observed in that clinic with those calculated for 15 area hospitals, defined as the reference rates. Risk of death in the clinic was higher than expected in 28 of the 41 months considered in the study. Highest risks were observed in January 1993 (RRcrude = 2.23; 95% CI 1.56-3. 14) and May 1996 (RRadjusted = 2.73; 95% CI 1.88-3.95). The high mortality rates observed in the clinic in 1996 were already present in 1993. Thus, adequate use of the SIH-SUS could have anticipated and avoided the excess mortality identified in early 1996.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical repercussion of the various states of extrinsic pulmonary granulomatoses on the bronchial tree.

The AA. evaluated the importance of the bronchial participation in 175 patients with histologically confirmed pulmonary granulomatoses. Many had symptoms specifically due to bronchial changes. In some of the patients, bronchial symptoms appeared late in the natural development of the disease, while in others they filled the clinical picture from the beginning. The AA. discuss the possible influence of other aggressors of the bronchial mucosa, e.g. tobacco, and conclude that, in a fair number of cases, it was not possible to attribute the pathology to them. In a patient with a history suggestive of pathology due to inhaled foreign particles, even when bronchial symptoms predominate, an extrinsic pulmonary granulomatosis must be considered for diagnosis.

Bronchi↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of bronchoscopy in the study of extrinsic pulmonary granulomatoses.

As the bronchial mucous membrane is one of the chief barriers against aggression to the respiratory tract by inhaled particles, the AA. reviewed 68 patients with pulmonary granulomatoses studied at the Department of Chest Diseases, Lisbon University Hospital, that had been submitted to bronchoscopy. Only about 22% of these had normal appearing mucosa, while the rest, among other aspects, showed congestion and edema. Bronchial biopsies were taken in the majority of patients (44). Only in two cases was the mucosa considered histologically normal while granulomas were found in 36% and generally it was possible to identify the nature of the foreign particles inhaled. Analysing the results, the AA. conclude that organic particles seem to produce granulomatous reactions more frequently, while inorganic particles seem rather to produce a marked irritating effect. The frequency with which bronchial changes were found in these patients seems to warrant the conclusions that bronchoscopy plays an important role in the study of patients with extrinsic pulmonary granulomatoses.

Adolescent↗