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Biomedical subjects

M Ezaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Ezaki.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Biphenomycins A and B, novel peptide antibiotics. II. Structural elucidation of biphenomycins A and B.

The structures of biphenomycins A and B, novel peptide antibiotics produced by a strain of Streptomyces, have been established as 1 and 2, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. They are unique in that they are cyclic peptides containing a biphenyl moiety included in a 15-membered ring and show potent antibacterial activities especially against Gram-positive bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Lavendomycin, a new antibiotic. I. Taxonomy, isolation and characterization.

Lavendomycin, a new basic peptide antibiotic containing novel amino acids, has been isolated from the culture broth of a streptomyces designated as Streptomyces lavendulae subsp. brasilicus. The antibiotic obtained as colorless crystals (C29H50N10O8, MW 666) is active against Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and in vivo, however, inactive against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. An acute toxicity of the antibiotic in mice was LD50 greater than 2 g/kg by subcutaneous injection.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Phase II clinical trial of MCNU].

MCNU is a new derivative of nitrosourea and experimental studies have shown equal or superior activity to known nitrosourea compounds. Twenty one cases were entered into our clinical studies with a phase II study. Nineteen cases have had a several courses of prior chemotherapy. Four out of 21 cases achieved a partial response (each one of lymphoepithelioma, parotid gland cancer, recurrent uterine cancer and recurrent breast cancer). The major toxicity encountered during treatment was myelosuppression. Full recovery of myelosuppression was delayed and was seen six to eight weeks after each injections. These initial results justify further clinical investigations with MCNU.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA)].

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of tumor-associated antigen of embryonic and fetal origin. Many approaches have been attempted to make an early diagnosis of the pancreatic cancer, where a specific screening blood test for the pancreatic cancer is required. By using antiserum to fetal pancreas, Banwo et al, discovered an oncofetal antigen that was present in human fetal pancreas, pancreatic tumor tissue, and sera from patients with the pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) was considered to be an oncofetal antigen for human pancreas, and its measurement seemed to be useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. But elevated levels of POA were also observed in the serum of some patients with cancer of the stomach, lung, colon, or liver as well as in the serum of some pregnant women and others with certain benign conditions. In summary, combined assay with various tumor markers was considered to be useful for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1982

Injury to the acetabular triradiate physeal cartilage.

Traumatic disruption of the acetabular triradiate physeal cartilage is an infrequent injury. When it occurs during adolescence, subsequent growth changes in acetabular morphology and congruency of the hip joint are unlikely. However, in younger children, especially those who are less than ten years old, acetabular growth abnormality is a frequent complication of this injury and may result in a shallow acetabulum similar to that seen in patients with congenital disease of the hip. By the time of skeletal maturity, disparate growth increases the incongruency of the hip joint and may lead to progressively more severe subluxation of the hip. Acetabular reconstruction may be necessary to correct the gradual subluxation of the femoral head. Variable irregularities of growth at the proximal end of the femur also may occur. In this series, nine patients with triradiate physeal-cartilage injury were classified according to the degree of displacement and the probable type of growth-plate disruption. Two main patterns of injury occurred. The first was a shearing type-1 or 2 growth-mechanism injury, with central displacement of the distal portion of the acetabulum. This injury pattern seems to have a favorable prognosis for continued normal acetabular growth, although premature closure of the triradiate physes may occur. The other pattern appeared to be a crushing type-5 growth-mechanism injury. This type has a poor prognosis, with premature closure of the triradiate physes occurring secondary to the formation of a medial osseous bridge. In either pattern, the prognosis is dependent on the age of the patient at the time of injury and on the extent of chondro-osseous disruption.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1981

Bilateral femoral head collapse in an adolescent with brachydactyly (multiple epiphyseal dysplasia tarda type 1c).

Children with femoral head radiographic changes suggestive of bilateral avascular necrosis require a careful differential diagnosis. Although the child may be found to have an epiphyseal dysplasia, the course may not be benign. At adolescence, in certain of the multiple epiphyseal dysplasia tarda forms, rapid destruction of the femoral head occurs with clinical and radiographic features indistinguishable from avascular necrosis. A possible interrelationship between epiphyseal dysplasia and avascular necrosis is considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

An NADP-dependent 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase of rat liver active against C19, C20, C23, C24, C25 and C26 steroids.

Rat liver cytosol was previously shown to contain at least three NADPH-dependent enzymes which catalyze the hydrogenation of chloral hydrate. Two of them had previously been shown to catalyze the hydrogenation of long-chain aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes or aromatic ketones in addition to halogenated acetaldehydes. The present paper demonstrates that one of these enzymes also catalyzes the reversible hydrogenation of 3-oxosteroids to 3 alpha-hydroxysteroids. We confirmed that the enzyme catalyzes the reversible hydrogenation of C23, C24 and C26 3-oxo bile acids with a 1:1 stoichiometry. The substitution at C-12 with a hydroxyl group markedly decreased the reaction rate, and the rate of dehydrogenation of C20, C23, C26, C24, and C25 bile acids decreased in the descending order. In general, the conjugation with glycine or taurine increased the reaction rate, while the replacement of the terminal carboxyl group of the C24 compound with an isobutyl group markedly decreased it. 3 alpha-Hydroxy bile acids with A/B trans configuration were also preferable substrates for the enzyme, although the reaction rate was relatively low compared with that of those with A/B cis configuration. The enzyme may be involved in the biosynthesis of lithocholic acid from cholesterol through 3 alpha-hydroxy-5-cholen-24-oic acid, which was proposed by Mitropoulos and Myant (Mitropoulos & Myant (1967), Biochem. J. 103, 472--479).

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗