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Biomedical subjects

M Englert

Publications and source records attributed to M Englert.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemodynamic effects of concurrent administration of metoprolol and tocainide in acute myocardial infarction.

We evaluated the hemodynamic effects of combined administration of metoprolol and tocainide in nine patients with uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction. After 24 h of treatment with oral metoprolol (50 mg q.8 h), intravenous tocainide was given (750 mg over 15 min), followed by oral administration of both drugs (50 mg metoprolol q.8 h; 800 mg tocainide, then 400 mg q.8 h). Hemodynamic variables were measured before and after 25 h of oral metoprolol treatment, immediately after intravenous tocainide (at 15 and 30 min), and then during continued oral treatment with both drugs (at 2 h 15 min and 25 h 45 min). Following injection of tocainide, cardiac index changed significantly (2.7-2.3 L/min . m2; p less than 0.01), but the increases in pulmonary wedge pressure (9-13 mm Hg) and total systemic resistance (15.9-18.1 IU) were not significant. During the continued oral treatment with both metoprolol and tocainide no significant hemodynamic interaction was observed. We conclude that the injection of tocainide can slightly and transiently depress left ventricular function in patients treated with metoprolol.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Central and regional hemodynamic effects of nitrendipine in normotensive patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.

Central and regional hemodynamic studies were performed before and after administration of nitrendipine, a recently introduced calcium-channel blocker, in 10 normotensive patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. None of them had a mean pulmonary artery pressure higher than 20 mm Hg. Ninety minutes after oral intake of 20 mg nitrendipine, cardiac output increased by 22%, heart rate increased by 12%, mean arterial pressure decreased by 7%, and pulmonary artery pressures as well as filling pressures of the heart did not change. Venous admixture and alveolar to arterial PO2 gradients increased by 54% and 22%, respectively. Hepatic blood flow increased by 33%. Renal blood flow remained unchanged and glomerular filtration rate decreased by 11%. Thus, in normotensive patients, nitrendipine administration induces systemic vasodilatation with an apparently reflex increase in cardiac output. These effects are accompanied by a deterioration in pulmonary gas exchange, increase in hepatic perfusion, no change in renal perfusion, and possibly a slight deterioration in renal function.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary mechanics in diffuse fibrosing alveolitis.

The mechanical and the diffusing lung properties have been measured in 19 cases of diffuse fibrosing alveolitis of unknown etiology (proved by histology in 17 cases). The characteristic findings are: a) a striking reduction of DLCO in all the cases; b) a marked reduction of the static and dynamic compliance, in correlation with the reduction of vital capacity; c) an increase in P1max in correlation with the decrease of FRC; d) an increase of the elastic recoil when it is considered at various percentages of the predicted lung volume, but in some cases a normal shape of the V-P curve if the measured lung volume is taken into account; e) a reduction of the maximum expiratory flows suggesting bronchiolar stenosis; f) alterations of DL more marked than those of CL suggesting that DL is a more sensitive test.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of growth and aging on the static mechanical lung properties.

Quasi-static expiratory pressure-volume curves were obtained in 119 healthy subjects 7 to 64 years old. Lung recoil pressures were measured at six fixed percentages of TLC between 100 percent and 50 percent. In children and adolescents lung recoil pressures increased with growth till about the age of fifteen and there were no differences between sexes. In adults less than 40 years old there was also no sex difference in lung recoil pressures, whereas in subjects more than 40 years old, females had lower recoil pressures than males at every level of TLC. Both in males and females, aging is associated with a marked decrease of lung recoil pressures. Smoking had no detectable effect on lung recoil in males. During growth the evolution of static compliance was closely related to height, whereas in adults this relationship was less evident particularly in males. There was no sex differences in specific compliance which tended to increase slightly with aging.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Follow-up of pulmonary function after "shock lung".

Long-term follow-up of pulmonary function has been performed in four patients having recovered from "shock lung". In three patients there is a progressive normalization of lung volumes and lung compliance, whereas the pulmonary diffusing capacity improves but without attaining predicted levels. In the fourth patient, a delayed reduction of total lung capacity, lung compliance and diffusion capacity occurred. During the follow-up period (from one month to four years) there was no complaint and physical examination, electrocardiogram, chest roentgenogram, conventional pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy and arterial blood gases at rest were quite normal. These results are compatible with the persistence of some degree of interstitial lung disease after recovery from "shock lung".

Adult↗