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Biomedical subjects

M Endo

Publications and source records attributed to M Endo.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Quality of life in patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving AO-90, a methionine-free intravenous amino acid solution, with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C].

We conducted a randomized, multicenter, controlled trial of AO-90, a methionine-free 7.43% intravenous amino acid solution, in patients with advanced recurrent gastric cancer. The regimen used in the study was comprised of two-week treatment cycles, with a withdrawal period between cycles. During treatment, patients were given either AO-90 (500-750 ml/day; AO/MF group) or a commercial amino acid solution (600-800 ml/day; C/MF group) by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for 14 days concomitantly with MF therapy (5-fluorouracil 350 mg/m2/day, iv continuously for 14 days and mitomycin C 7 mg/m2, iv push on days 7 and 14). We interviewed 118 eligible and evaluable patients (72 men and 46 women; 59 cases in the AO/MF group and 59 in the C/MF group) about their quality of life immediately before the start of treatment, one week and two weeks after the start of treatment, and one week and two weeks after treatment. A 11-item questionnaire was used to interview the subjects: nine questions using a five-point scale, one question using a 100-mm linear visual analog scale, and one question using a five-grade face scale. Changes in the grades compared with baseline data were scored as 1 point (improvement of one grade or more, or 20 mm or more), 0 points (no changes), and-1 point (decline of one grade or more, or 20 mm or more). Before analyzing the significance, quality of life score data were adjusted by the Mantel-Haenszel method due to uneven distribution of subjects concerning baseline performance status and complications. Among the items questioned, subjects receiving AO-90 showed significantly higher scores in appetite, nausea, and ambulation at some evaluation time points than those receiving a methionine-containing TPN. The results show that AO-90 improved the quality of life of patients with advanced recurrent gastric cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Endoscopic mucosal resection of esophageal cancer].

Limited surgery, esophagectomy without thoracotomy or endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), is indicated for mucosal cancer of the esophagus without lymph node metastasis. Mucosal cancer less than 2 cm in size or less than a third of the circumference of the esophagus, is suitable for EMR. However, mucosal cancer invasive to the muscularis mucosa is excluded. As for postoperative complications, a small fissure, two cases of stenosis and 3 cases of oozing bleeding, were experienced. Conservative treatment was performed for all patients except one. The 5-year survival rate of EMR was 95%-100% in several institutions in Japan. Recurrence was observed in 3%-7%, however, it was cured by means of local treatment of esophageal cancer.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

[Regional work of the left ventricle before and after CABG].

To evaluate the effects of CABG on regional function of the left ventricular wall, regional work of the left ventricular anterior wall was calculated before and after CABG in 8 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. In all patients, including CABG for LAD branch, complete revascularization was performed. Regional work of the left ventricular wall was calculated as RW (mJ/cm3) = - integral of sigma d epsilon, where sigma = wall stress and epsilon = regional strain (1n (1/H): H = wall thickness). A major and a minor axis, and anterior wall thickness during cardiac cycle were obtained from the left ventriculogram. Preoperatively, the RW varied widely (from -0.9 to 13.3 mJ/cm3). In 4 cases, the RW decreased and in the other cases, it increased. The RW converged in the tight range (from 2.5 to 6.7 mJ/cm3), postoperatively. These results suggest a uniformalization of the RW in the different regions of the left ventricle was established after the complete revascularization. We conclude that the RW obtained from the analyses of sigma-epsilon relationship is a useful index for evaluating the effects of CABG on the treated region of the left ventricle.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1995

[Saphenous vein to saphenous vein bypass grafting in four redo CABG patients].

In four redo CABG patients, new saphenous vein grafts were anastomosed to the angiographically normal part of the old, and partially narrowed or occluded saphenous vein grafts in an end-to-side fashion. Inner surface of the old saphenous vein was confirmed to be smooth and free of atherosclerotic change during anastomosis. Postoperative course was uneventful and angiography demonstrated the good patency of new saphenous vein grafts in all patients. Although this technique is not acceptable if the old saphenous vein graft shows extensive atherosclerotic change, this method may be a useful alternative in case of limited saphenous vein graft disease in terms of less difficulty and operation time.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Experimental study on organ perfusion by intraaortic balloon counterpulsation with double balloon catheter].

Newly-developed catheter for the intraaortic balloon counterpulsation with cardio-renal assist was examined on animal model. The catheter consists of two balloon segments between which the celiac trunk, the superior mesenteric artery and the renal artery are to be placed. Statistical comparison on each hemodynamic element was carried out between the catheter (DBC), conventional single balloon catheter (SBC) of the same balloon volume as DBC and no assist (None) groups. There were no significant changes between SBC and DBC in cardiac output, femoral arterial flow and central venous pressure. Renal arterial flow and urinary output were significantly increased in DBC (None 14.4 +/- 3.9, SBC 22.6 +/- 5.6, DBC 31.0 +/- 6.9 ml/min in renal arterial flow, None 33 +/- 9, SBC 64 +/- 14, DBC 78 +/- 20 ml/h in urinary output, p < or = 0.05). After the remodeling adjust to the human stature, a clinical application would be considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical results of aortitis syndrome (Takayasu disease) combined with annuloaortic ectasia].

From March 1973 to December 1994, 8 patients (2 males and 6 females) aged 34.4 +/- 7.8 years, underwent composite graft replacement (CGR) for aortitis syndrome combined with annuloaortic ectasia (AAE) in our institute. Five patients showed active aortitis syndrome and steroid therapy was administrated to 2 of them. The mean value of the C-reactive protein (CRP) was 1.6 +/- 1.8 before the operation. The maximum diameter of the ascending aorta was 67.1 +/- 10.3 mm (range 53 to 85 mm). Stenosis and/or ectasia of the neck vessels were recognized in 5 cases, as well as the coronary artery in 2 cases. Isolated CGR was performed in 6 cases, and combined with single CABG to LAD in 1 case and with total arch replacement in 1 case. The enlarged ascending aorta was replaced with main graft using the exclusion method and interposed grafts for coronary arteries were sutured with pledgetted mattress sutures all around the coronary ostia. In patients with stenosis of neck vessels, oxygen saturation of the jugular vein was monitored during extracorporeal circulation for surveillance of cerebral ischemia. There was 1 early death due to pulmonary failure. Seven cases survived without any complications during 4-132 months (mean 83.4 months) of the follow-up period. After the operation, 3 cases required steroid therapy during 4-50 months. We concluded that preoperative control of active inflammation, selection of operative procedures, timing for the operation, and the long-term precise management of the intractable disease were essential for successful treatment of aortitis syndrome with AAE.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Fast oscillations of the electro-oculogram in a series of normal subjects.

Using a newly devised automated electro-oculograph, Nidek EOG-2, the fast oscillations (FOs) of the electro-oculogram were recorded in the 120 eyes of 60 normal subjects. We evaluated the normal means and variability of FO parameters, namely the "Rf" value, which is the average ratio in percentage of the maximum amplitude in the dark period (AD)/the minimum amplitude in the light period (AL), and the "df" value, which is the average difference between AD and AL during the FO measurement. No correlation with age was noted in the "Rf" value, although the lowest mean value of the "df" was detected in the twenties. Regarding sex, the mean levels of the "Rf" and "df" for female subjects were statistically higher than those for male subjects in the younger and global age groups. Some hormonal factor which can stimulate the metabolic activity of the retinal pigment epithelium might have caused this sexual difference.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Assessment of disturbance of urinary bladder function after an operation for rectal cancer].

Disturbance of urinary bladder function occurs frequently after operations on rectal cancer. Clinical studies of 15 male patients with resected rectal cancers revealed a close relationship between the disturbance of urinary bladder function and the extent to which the autonomic nerves in the pelvis were disturbed. Clinically, transection of the hypogastric nerve did not affect urinary function. Branches to the urinary bladder in the pelvic plexus controlled bladder function bilaterally. Transection of one side of the pelvic splanchnic nerve (PSN) did not affect bladder function. Partial transection of the bilateral PSN strongly affected bladder function, but in these cases, compensation by the non-disturbed PSN improved urinary bladder function 3 months after the operation. It seems possible that the lower-grade branches to the urinary bladder in the PSN may control bladder function. Uroflowmetry, amount of residual urine, cystometry, and urinary bladder compliance were all useful in assessing disturbance of branches to the urinary bladder in the PSN. To assess the grade of severe Clinical cases, it proved the most convenient to examine the uroflowmetry and amount of residual urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The pathogenic role of Bacteroides vulgatus in patients with ulcerative colitis.

To clarify the role played by Bacteroides vulgatus in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, the serum antibody titer to the outer membrane protein of B. vulgatus, obtained from the inflamed rectal mucosa, and measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was investigated in patients with ulcerative colitis. High serum antibody titers to the outer membrane protein of B. vulgatus were found in these patients. The specific outer membrane protein of B. vulgatus reactive to serum antibody was recognized as a 26-kDa protein. These findings indicate that B. vulgatus containing a 26-kDa protein in the outer membrane may be implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

Long-term outcome of left ventricular dysfunction after surgery for severe aortic stenosis.

Thirteen patients with severe aortic stenosis and left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < 0.50, Group A) received echocardiographic evaluation before, and early and late after isolated aortic valve replacement. The results were compared with those of 11 aortic stenosis patients without left ventricular dysfunction (Group B). Using two-dimensional echocardiography, left ventricular diastolic internal diameter (LVIDd), left ventricular systolic internal diameter (LVIDs), left ventricular wall thickness (interventricular septum + posterior wall: LVWT), left ventricular fractional shortening (FS), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left ventricular end-systolic wall stress (ESWS) were assessed before (Pre), at one month (Early) and 4-7.6 (mean 5.5 +/- 1.0) years (Late) after operation. In the early postoperative period in Group A, significant decrease was observed in LVIDd (5.4 +/- 0.8 to 4.5 +/- 1.0 cm, p = 0.010), LVWT (3.3 +/- 0.7 to 2.9 +/- 0.7 cm, p = 0.027) and LVMI (336 +/- 149 to 222 +/- 112 g/M2, p = 0.013). From the early to late postoperative period FS showed significant improvement in both groups (0.23 +/- 0.12 to 0.32 +/- 0.12 in Group A, p = 0.025 and 0.27 +/- 0.07 to 0.36 +/- 0.07, p = 0.014). However, changes of other parameters were not significant and LVMI in Group A remained twice as high as the normal value. It is concluded from the above results, that LV contraction in aortic stenosis patients with preoperative left ventricular dysfunction improved during the late postoperative period. Although LVMI in the early postoperative period significantly decreased as compared with the preoperative value, it showed no further improvement and remained at an abnormally high level. Therefore, early surgical treatment of severe aortic stenosis before appearance of LV dysfunction should be recommended for postoperative recovery from LV hypertrophy.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Involvement of human interleukin 6 in experimental cachexia induced by a human uterine cervical carcinoma xenograft.

A human tumor xenograft model for cancer cachexia was established by growing a uterine cervical carcinoma, Yumoto, in nude mice. The tumor transplanted into the mice induced severe body weight loss (30% of body weight) when the tumor weight was only 1 g. In addition, other indicators for cachexia, such as adipose tissue and muscle wasting and hypoglycemia, were also observed in the tumor-bearing mice, suggesting that this is a proper model for experimental cachexia induced by a human tumor. We then examined the association of this model with various cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and leukemia inhibitory factor, and identified human IL-6, which was produced by the tumor cells, as a mediator of cachexia. A neutralizing antibody against hIL-6 administered to the mice after the development of cachexia symptoms significantly improved body weight loss, adipose tissue wasting, hypoglycemia, acute phase reaction, and leukocytosis, although it did not suppress the tumor growth. These results demonstrate that the hIL-6 produced by the tumor cells is an essential mediator of the cachexia induction in this model.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Potential of the histoculture drug-response assay to contribute to cancer patient survival.

The histoculture drug-response assay (HDRA) was recently evaluated in a retrospective clinical trial and was found to correlate to drug sensitivity, resistance, and patient survival. To further investigate the potential of HDRA to contribute to patient survival, 215 patients with gastric cancer from 45 medical centers were tested with the HDRA in a blinded study after resection of the primary lesion. One hundred sixty-eight patients received at least 20 mg/m2 of mitomycin C and a minimum of 30 g UFT, a mixture of tegafur and uracil at a molar ratio of 1:4, thereby making them eligible for the study. Of these cases 128 were evaluable by the HDRA. The evaluable patient tumors were tested by the HDRA with the [3H]thymidine incorporation end point measured by microautoradiography to be drug "sensitive" or "resistant." The in vitro conditions for distinguishing sensitivity and resistance that matched the response rates for historical controls for gastric carcinoma were 90% inhibition rate and 0.12 microgram/ml for mitomycin C and 70% inhibition rate and 1 microgram/ml for 5-fluorouracil, respectively. Most importantly in the blinded study, the overall and disease-free survival rates of the HDRA-sensitive group were found to be significantly higher than those of the HDRA-resistant group tested under the above conditions. The data further indicate the importance of three-dimensional tumor culture for obtaining accurate clinical information. The results demonstrate that the HDRA response correlates to patient survival, which suggests the potential of the HDRA to contribute to patient survival in gastric cancer when used prospectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A novel oligosaccharide, GlcA beta 1-4Xyl beta 1-(4-methylumbelliferone), synthesized by human cultured skin fibroblasts.

Human skin fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-xyloside (Xyl-MU) using a mass-culture system with a microcarrier. The structures of Xyl-MU-induced sugars purified from the dialysable fraction of the incubation medium were investigated. In addition to glycosaminoglycans the elongation of which initiated by Xyl-MU has already been reported, and oligosaccharides similarly initiated by Xyl-MU, such as Gal-Gal-Xyl-MU, Gal-Xyl-MU and SA-Gal-Xyl-MU, a novel Xyl-MU-induced oligosaccharide was detected. This oligosaccharide was identified as GlcA beta 1-4Xyl beta 1-(4-methylumbelliferone) using sugar composition analysis, enzyme digestion, mass spectrometry and Smith degradation. Using this culture system, the amount of the new oligosaccharide produced increased with the incubation time, even after the production of glycosaminoglycan initiated by Xyl-MU and Gal-Xyl-MU had reached a plateau. These results suggest that this oligosaccharide may be involved in terminating the elongation of glycosaminoglycan chains that is initiated by Xyl-MU.

Benzoates↗
PubMed1994

Role of DNA ploidy patterns in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. An ultraviolet microspectrophotometric study.

BACKGROUND: Controversy still exists about the influence of DNA content on the prognosis for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: DNA ploidy was determined by microspectrophotometric (MSPM) analysis of paraffin embedded malignant tissue from 78 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The DNA distribution pattern was classified as diploid, low grade aneuploid (LGA), and high grade aneuploid (HGA) pattern. The relationships among DNA distribution patterns, pathologic features, clinical findings, and prognoses were investigated. Twenty-seven of 78 patients were also selected for analyses of the DNA ploidy pattern of lymph node metastases. RESULTS: Of 78 cancers, 20 (26%) were diploid, 15 (19%) LGA, and 43 (55%) HGA. The advanced carcinomas had the higher distribution of HGA pattern (55%), whereas the diploid pattern was more frequent in early stage (70%) or superficial (65%) esophageal cancer. In patients with the HGA pattern, there was a significantly higher frequency of lymph node metastases (79%) and marked lymphatic (74.4%) and vascular (69.8%) invasion compared with those exhibiting the LGA (33.3%) or diploid (25%) pattern. Five-year survival rates for patients with diploid carcinoma (57%) was significantly better than for those with the HGA pattern (14%). The distribution of nuclear DNA content was much narrower in the metastatic lymph node than in the corresponding primary cases. CONCLUSIONS: The HGA of DNA pattern based on spectrophotometry closely correlated with the factors generally indicative of the aggressive behavior of malignant tumors. Therefore, the role of the DNA ploidy pattern as a prognostic factor was emphasized.

Aged↗