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Biomedical subjects

M Eliastam

Publications and source records attributed to M Eliastam.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills.

Although a great emphasis has recently been placed on training both the medical profession and the general public in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), studies have demonstrated that retention of resuscitation skills is poor. Although CPR certification is generally valid for a 1- to 2-year period, evaluation of trainees at all levels has demonstrated a marked lack of proficiency over this course of time. This paper reviews the studies that have disclosed this lack of skills retention, as well as proposed solutions and reinforcement techniques. CPR course content and certification criteria must be appropriate to maximize retention as well as learning. To this end a simplification of basic life-support training curricula is recommended.

Certification↗
PubMed1981

Preceptorships for emergency physicians.

We describe a preceptorship developed in response to needs identified by surveys of emergency physicians in our community. The policies and procedures necessary to establish the program and the problems encountered are described. Major factors influencing the success of these programs include commitment by the institution's faculty, availability of administrative staff, financial support, and ongoing evaluation and feedback. A set of recommendations is offered for educational institutions considering the establishment of preceptorships.

California↗
PubMed1980

Utilization of diagnostic radiologic examinations in the emergency department of a teaching hospital.

A study to document the utilization by house officers of the Diagnostic Radiologic Examination (DRE) in trauma patients was carried out over 2 years at Stanford University Medical Center. Physicians recorded the likelihood of a fracture being present for patients requiring DRE's to evaluate traumatic injuries. The physician's opinion and the radiologist's final interpretation of the DRE were compared for 24 anatomic regions. Preliminary findings reveal: for almost half the DRE's the officer indicated that the reason for the DRE was medicolegal; 7% of the medicolegal cases had fractures present; less than 4% of these fractures was important enough to change the medical treatment. The levels of house officer experience are suggested as possible causes of excessive DRE utilization, as well as the influence of defensive medicine. Using Green and Swets' Theory of Signal Detection, it is possible to mathematically describe an accuracy index, and a "fear" index for each physician. We plan to use this model in analysis of the study data.

California↗
PubMed1977

Cardiac arrest in the Emergency Medical Service System: guidelines for resuscitation.

A two-year study of 198 consecutive patients treated for cardiac arrest in the emergency department at Stanford University Medical Center was undertaken. The relatively poor overall survival rate of 3% and the complexity of deciding how to treat cardiac arrest victims suggest the need for guidelines to assist the emergency physician when resuscitating cardiac arrest patients. From the above study and a survey of the literature, the authors formulated the following guidelines of when resuscitation should be discontinued or not attempted: Cases of apnea and pulselessness known to have exceeded 10 minutes, no response after more than 30 minutes of advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), no ventricular EKG activity after more than 10 minutes of ACLS, and preexisting terminal illness.

Adult↗