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Biomedical subjects

M Eldar

Publications and source records attributed to M Eldar.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of coronary angioplasty on plasma platelet-activating factor in man.

Platelet activating factor (PAF) is a mediator of ischemia and reperfusion-induced tissue damage which was found to be synthesized in culture by endothelial cells. We hypothesized that PAF levels may be increased in the coronary system following coronary angioplasty. PAF levels were measured in the great cardiac vein of 16 patients before, during and following angioplasty of the left anterior coronary artery. PAF concentration was significantly higher in the cardiac vein than in the peripheral circulation at all time points. Interestingly, while PAF levels tended to decrease in the periphery they tended to increase in the coronary system over time. We conclude that PAF levels are higher in the coronary system than in the peripheral circulation in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty and that PAF may be released into the coronary artery following the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Palpitation].

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Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Palpitation].

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Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1991

Effects of uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction on biochemical parameters of stress and sexual function.

The blood levels of several "stress indicators" (prolactin [PRL], growth hormone [hGH], total catecholamines, and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate [cAMP]) were measured in men during the first 2 weeks of uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and during a 3-month follow-up period. PRL levels were significantly elevated during the first day, and hGH was elevated during the week after the AMI. The levels returned to the control baseline values thereafter. The levels of the total catecholamines and cAMP in blood remained normal throughout the study period. Sexual function during the 3-month follow-up was measured in 29 patients, using a specially designed questionnaire. Impotence was found in five patients and decreased libido in four. No correlation was noted between PRL values, the other stress indicators, and sexual dysfunction. A trend toward increased incidence of sexual dysfunction was found among patients with recurrent AMI.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Familial bidirectional ventricular tachycardia.

The occurrence of incessant ventricular arrhythmia with bouts of polymorphous and bidirectional ventricular tachycardia is described in two totally asymptomatic sisters, with structurally normal hearts and no QT prolongation. Familial survey revealed the occurrence of increased ventricular ectopic activity in the father, brother and another sister.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Inefficacy and proarrhythmic effects of flecainide and encainide for sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of encainide and flecainide in treating patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias. DESIGN: Patients were treated with encainide or flecainide. Efficacy was assessed by comparing the results of programmed ventricular stimulation while patients received therapy with the results while they were drug free. SETTING: The electrophysiology laboratory of the University of California at San Francisco. PATIENTS: Forty-nine patients with spontaneous or inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation for whom treatment with at least one class IA antiarrhythmic agent had failed. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were treated with encainide, 35 to 50 mg three or four times daily, or flecainide, 100 to 200 mg twice daily. RESULTS: Arrhythmia worsened early in 5 of 16 patients receiving encainide and 3 of 33 patients receiving flecainide. Patients with poor left ventricular function were more likely to exhibit proarrhythmia (P = 0.02). Nine of eleven patients receiving encainide and 23 of 28 patients receiving flecainide who had repeat programmed ventricular stimulation while receiving drug therapy still had inducible, poorly tolerated ventricular tachycardia. CONCLUSION: Encainide and flecainide have a low efficacy rate and a high incidence of worsening of arrhythmia in patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias, particularly when this condition is associated with poor left ventricular function.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Long-term verapamil treatment increases [3H]imipramine binding in human platelets.

The effect of long-term verapamil treatment on [3H]imipramine binding to the serotonin transporter in human platelets was studied. A significant increase (24%, P less than 0.05) in the density of high-affinity imipramine binding sites was observed in platelets of cardiac patients maintained exclusively on verapamil. The up-regulation of the serotonin transporter may be relevant to the previously reported beneficial effect of verapamil in affective disorders.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1990

[ECG Corner].

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Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1990

Acute hemodynamic and arrhythmogenic effects of high-dose intravenous salbutamol in patients with chronic left ventricular dysfunction.

The short-term hemodynamic and possible arrhythmogenic effects of intravenous salbutamol at a dose of 30 or 60 micrograms/min were evaluated in 14 patients with severe chronic left ventricular dysfunction using equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography and electrocardiographic monitoring. Salbutamol infusions at a dose of 30 micrograms/min did not cause significant hemodynamic changes; however, at a dose of 60 micrograms/min there was a significant increase in stroke volume, cardiac output, and left ventricular ejection fraction. Heart rate increased significantly while systemic peripheral resistance decreased significantly. Two patients developed ventricular premature beats and another two supraventricular tachycardia, but none were associated with adverse consequences. Thus, high-dose intravenous salbutamol is effective and safe, and may be used in the acute management of patients with poor left ventricular function.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of thrombolysis on the 12-lead signal-averaged ECG in the early postinfarction period.

Signal-averaged ECG has been used to identify patients at risk for ventricular tachycardia and sudden death after myocardial infarction. The goals of this prospective study were to examine the effects of reperfusion achieved with thrombolytic therapy on the 12-lead signal-averaged ECG and on ventricular arrhythmias in the early period after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A total of 190 consecutive patients with AMI who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Thrombolysis was attempted in 80 patients and was considered successful in 57 (group I) and unsuccessful in 23 (group II); 110 patients were not treated with thrombolytic agents (group III). Signal averaging of 12 ECG leads was performed within 2 days in all patients and between 7 and 10 days after admission in 163 patients. The filtered QRS complex duration (QRSD) was significantly shorter in group I compared to group III in 7 of 12 ECG leads at 2 days and in 10 of 12 leads at 7 to 10 days. The root mean square voltage of the terminal 40 msec of the QRS complex (RMS40) did not change between the two signal-averaged ECG recordings in group I, whereas it became lower in three ECG leads in group II and in seven ECG leads in group III. There was no correlation between infarct site and significant changes in infarct-related signal-averaged ECG leads. The occurrence of complex ventricular arrhythmias was not significantly different among the three groups. We conclude that successful reperfusion, compared with failed and nonattempted reperfusion, is associated with fewer abnormalities in the 12-lead signal-averaged ECG in the early period after AMI.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Preferential uptake of a water-soluble phthalocyanine by atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits.

This study is the first demonstration of preferential accumulation of a water soluble phthalocyanine dye in atheromatous plaques in the rabbit. Two groups of rabbits with diet-induced atheromatous plaques were killed 4 and 24 h following intravenous administration of copper phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate. Uptake of the dye by plaque-containing and normal appearing aortae was evaluated macroscopically and quantitatively by extraction of the dye from the tissues. The concentration of the dye in the atheromatous plaques was 2.6 and 1.7 times higher than in the normal vessel wall at 4 and 24 h, respectively. The concentration of the dye in normal appearing aortae in the 2 study groups was similar to that of aortae of control rabbits which were fed a normal diet and exposed to the dye for the same time periods. We conclude that copper phthalocyanine accumulates preferentially in atheromatous plaques in rabbits. These findings provide a basis for the utilization of phthalocyanines for plaque identification and for photodynamic therapy of atherosclerosis.

Animals↗