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Biomedical subjects

M Eisen

Publications and source records attributed to M Eisen.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Potentially amyloidogenic, carboxyl-terminal derivatives of the amyloid protein precursor.

The 39- to 43-amino acid amyloid beta protein (beta AP), which is deposited as amyloid in Alzheimer's disease, is encoded as an internal peptide that begins 99 residues from the carboxyl terminus of a 695- to 770-amino acid glycoprotein referred to as the amyloid beta protein precursor (beta APP). To clarify the processing that produces amyloid, carboxyl-terminal derivatives of the beta APP were analyzed. This analysis showed that the beta APP is normally processed into a complex set of 8- to 12-kilodalton carboxyl-terminal derivatives. The two largest derivatives in human brain have the entire beta AP at or near their amino terminus and are likely to be intermediates in the pathway leading to amyloid deposition.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1992

A Health Belief Model-Social Learning Theory approach to adolescents' fertility control: findings from a controlled field trial.

We evaluated an 8- to 12-hour Health Belief Model-Social Learning Theory (HBM-SLT)-based sex education program against several community- and school-based interventions in a controlled field experiment. Data on sexual and contraceptive behavior were collected from 1,444 adolescents unselected for gender, race/ethnicity, or virginity status in a pretest-posttest design. Over 60% completed the one-year follow-up. Multivariate analyses were conducted separately for each preintervention virginity status by gender grouping. The results revealed differential program impacts. First, for preintervention virgins, there were no gender or intervention differences in abstinence maintenance over the follow-up year. Second, female preintervention Comparison program virgins used effective contraceptive methods more consistently than those who attended the HBM-SLT program (p less than 0.01); among males, the intervention programs were equally effective. Third, both interventions significantly increased contraceptive efficiency for teenagers who were sexually active before attending the programs. For males, the HBM-SLT program led to significantly greater follow-up contraceptive efficiency than the Comparison program with preintervention contraceptive efficiency controlled (p less than 0.05); for females, the programs produced equivalent improvement. Implications for program planning and evaluation are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia caused by an antibody to the Bak(a) antigen.

A 31 year old woman was assessed following delivery of her second child affected by neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT). Antiplatelet antibodies with specificity for Bak(a) were identified in the woman's serum and her platelets were typed as Bak(a) negative whilst her husband's were Bak(a) positive. Unlike the majority of reported anti-Bak(a) antibodies in the literature, this patient's serum contained no contaminating anti-HLA antibodies. This is the first report of NAIT caused by an anti-Bak(a) without co-existing anti-HLA antibodies. An anti-Bak(a) antibody has not previously been reported in Australia. The current status of this antigen system is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Measuring components of children's health status.

Measures of physical, mental and social components of health status and general health ratings were studied for children ages 0-4 (N = 679) and 5-13 (N = 1473). Questionnaires were completed by adult proxies (usually mothers) in three generally healthy populations. Hypothesized multi-item scales were tested; reliability was estimated and preliminary attempts at validation were undertaken. Items in ten scales pertaining to mental health (Anxiety, Depression, Positive Well-Being, Mental Health Index), social health (Social Relations), general health ratings (Current Health, Prior Health, Resistance/Susceptibility to Illness, General Health Rating Index), as well as parental satisfaction with child development satisfied Likert-type and discriminant validity criteria. Because functional limitation items were endorsed for very few children, scales to measure physical health could not be tested. Almost all scales were sufficiently reliable for group comparisons; reliability coefficients were lower in the most disadvantaged population. Interrelationships among scales and validity variables generally supported their construct validity and supported a multi-component model of children's health status.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

[The effect of standardised sodium hypochlorite solution on bacteria pathogenic for the urinary tract (author's transl)].

Stable sodium hypochlorite solution shows excellent disinfectant properties, even in higher dilution. Parallel to clinical tests in vitro experiments were made to show the changes of morphology of bacteria pathogenic for the urinary tract by scanning microscope. Two hours after incubation of the bacteria with sodium hypochlorite solution containing 40 mg available chlorine/1 severe damages of the bacterial morphology up to complete destruction were evident in all cases. Gram-negative rod-shaped bacilli were more, gram-positive cocci were less damaged.

Acids↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical use of sodium hypochlorite for local treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections and therapy of contracted bladders (author's transl)].

A stable commercial electrolytic sodium hypochlorite solution was tested in 63 urologic patients. The complete germicidal action against all sorts of bacteria was shown in suspension-tests. Irrigation studies of the infected bladder were performed. It was found that continued bladder irrigations were necessary to stop bacterial ascension from the infected urethra. Bladder capacity was increased in 6 of 8 patients with nonmalignant contracted bladder or interstitial cystitis. Desinfection with sodium hypochlorite in urologic practice is cheap, easy to perform and diminishes the risk of hospitalism. Clinical studies confirmed the absence of general or local toxicity.

Acids↗
PubMed1975

Inhibition of platelet aggregation caused by estrogen treatment in patients with carcinoma of the prostate.

Platelet aggregation is increased in patients with carcinoma of the prostate treated with estrogens. Hence, these patients have a high incidence of cardiovascular and thromboembolic diseases. Platelet aggregation has been tested with the platelet aggregation test. It was inhibited by administration of 500 mg. acetylsalicylic acid twice daily. An aggregation inhibiting effect has been found in all 38 patients. To reduce the excess hazards of cardiovascular complications of estrogens in treating carcinoma of the prostate acetylsalicylic acid is recommended as an adjunct therapy.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1975

[99mTc-iron complex for demonstrating reflux without the use of a catheter (author's transl)].

99mTc-iron complex was used in 35 patients (20 adults and 15 children) in an investigation into ureteric reflux without using a catheter. The results were compared with the findings on micturating cysto-urethrography. Agreement in the findings was observed in 56 of the 69 kidneys examined. In only four kidneys, showing reflux radiologically, was this not observed on the isotope examination; in view of the low radiation dose, the catheter-free isotope method can be recommended as the most suitable investigation. The need for serial investigations or contrast allergies are important indications for using this method. The relatively high frequency with which reflux shown by the isotope method could not be confirmed radiologically (nine kidneys) indicates that the isotope is more sensitive than the radiological investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Inhibition of platelet aggregation under estrogen-treatment in patients with carcinoma of the prostate (author's transl)].

In patients with carcinoma of the prostate treated with estrogens platelet aggregation is increased. Patients with increased platelet aggregation have a high incidence of cardio-vascular and thrombo-embolic diseases. Platelet aggregation was measured by the platelet-aggregation test (PAT). Platelet aggregation was inhibited by administration of acetyl-salicylic acid (ASS) 2 times 500 mg daily. An aggregation inhibiting effect was found in all 38 patients. To reduce the cardio-vascular complications of estrogens in treating carcinoma of the prostate acetyl-salicylic acid as an adjunct therapy is recommended. A long-term study has been started.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1975

[Urinary tract manifestations of ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms (author's transl)].

18 patients were admitted from 1969 to 1973 to the Surgical and Urological University Clinic in Mainz with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms. Three patients died immediately following the operation and three during surgery from internal hemorrhage. Eight patients died later following prolonged shock. Four patients survived surgery. The classical symptoms of shock, abdominal pain and pulsating tumor was only present in three patients. The diagnosis was only made in seven patients at admission, from the clinical findings. Urological symptoms were also prominent such as unilateral flank pain, colic, dysuria, anuria and tenderness over the kidney. There is no typical clinical picture of ruptured aortic aneurysm. Acute urological symptomatology in cases of acute abdomen with unclear etiology and in connection with shock could indicate a ruptured aortic aneurysm. There is absolute indication for immediate operative intervention. The aneurysm is removed and replaced by a vascular prosthesis. Early diagnosis is important since prolonged shock and anuria will result in a poor postoperative prognosis. Abdominal exploration is therefore also indicated when a ruptured aortic aneurysm is only suspected.

Abdomen, Acute↗