Evidence for increased constitutiveness of NADP-linked dehydrogenases in the starved-refed rat.
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Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
Biomedical subjects
M Egawa
Publications and source records attributed to M Egawa.
Thermal laser-assisted angioplasty of renal artery stenosis for renovascular hypertension.
Percutaneous transluminal laser-assisted angioplasty of a renal artery stenosis was performed in a 16-year-old woman with renovascular hypertension. The stenotic portion of the renal artery was predilated by delivering Nd-YAG laser energy to the terminal tip of a laser catheter. Although the luminal diameter did not increase sufficiently with laser angioplasty alone, it allowed passage of the balloon catheter and subsequent successful balloon angioplasty. Immediately after dilatation, the patient's blood pressure fell to normal, and plasma renin activity decreased. There were no serious complications. Thermal laser angioplasty seems to be an effective adjunct technique for the treatment of severe renal artery stenosis which does not allow initial passage of a balloon catheter.
Adolescent↗
Effects of GABA and L-glutamate on the gastric acid secretion and gastric defensive mechanisms in rat lateral hypothalamus.
The effects of administration of an inhibitory GABAergic or excitatory glutaminergic neurotransmitter into the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) on gastric acids, an aggressive mechanism, and transepithelial potential difference (PD) and mucosal blood flow (MBF), defensive mechanisms, were examined in anesthetized rats, since lesions of LHA in these animals cause gastric mucosal damage and electrical stimulation stimulates gastric acids and antral contractions. Microinfusion of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, muscimol (GABA agonist) resulted in an increase in gastric acid secretion and in PD and MBF. The GABA antagonists picrotoxin and bicuculline methiodide, in contrast, decreased these three factors. The excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induced only an increase of MBF. Thus, the GABAergic system in LHA stimulates the gastric functions, both defensive and aggressive mechanisms, while the glutaminergic system increases only a portion of the defensive system. The results suggest that there is a significant interaction between LHA and stomach functions.
Animals↗
Role of the efferent and afferent vagus nerve in the development of ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) obesity.
Hyperactivity of the vagus nerve and hypoactivity of the sympathetic nerves after VMH lesions both cooperatively contribute to the development of VMH obesity, mainly through hyperinsulinemia. Recently it has turned out that we should discriminate the role of the efferent vagus from that of the afferent vagus in the pancreatic hormone secretion. The hepatic branch is the main pathway of afferent fibers in the vagus, while the celiac (pancreatic) branch is the main pathway of efferent fibers. We investigated the role of the afferent and efferent vagus on the development of VMH obesity using the sectioning of the hepatic and celiac branch. Celiac vagotomy decreased insulin secretion and food intake, while hepatic vagotomy did not change them. The results suggested that the efferent vagus plays the main role in the development of VMH obesity, while the role of afferent vagus seems less apparent.
Afferent Pathways↗
Clinical evaluation of taste dysfunction using a salt-impregnated taste strip.
We have used special tests to investigate taste function in detail. To evaluate acuity for a salty taste, we used a paper with salt crystals, Salsave. The procedure is simple and takes only a few minutes. We analyzed the relationships between the magnitude of the threshold of response to this test and the results of other taste function tests in 126 patients who visited our clinic. The mean magnitude of the response to Salsave significantly correlated with the results of other taste tests. Thus, this is a useful method for screening the detection and recognition threshold of a salty taste.
Adult↗