Biomedical subjects

M Eandi

Publications and source records attributed to M Eandi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1980

[Effect of a new beta-blocker (CM 6805) on the action potential of guinea pig atrial fiber].

CM6804 effect has been studied about some parameters of the intracellular action potential (AP) of guinea pig autorythmic auricle. Auricle was preserved alive under Tyrode oxygenated solution at 37 degrees C. AP is measured by a fluctuating intracellular glass microelectrode. At a concentration of 5 . 10(-5) M, CM doesn't alter the resting membrane potential, it causes a small overshoot reduction, it decreases the maximum depolarization rate and the heart rate, it increases the action potential duration. Overshoot and maximum depolarization rate decrease prove that CM modifies the membrane permeability probably by a diminution of the sodium rapid inward current. CM action is similar to others aryl-oxy-propyl propanolamine like propranolol.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1980

[Action of some psychotropic drugs on the electrmyographic response evoked by stretches of the gastrocnemius muscle of rats submitted to stress].

Electromyographic response evoked by stretches is registered in the rat gastrocnemius muscle. Stretch is caused by the forced flection of the paw on the leg by a solenoid. Intensity of the electromyographic signal is measured by an electronic integrator. We studied the dose/effect correlation of some psycotropic drugs on the stretch reflex in stressed rats by contention: Pentobarbital, Meprobamate, Chlorpromazine, Sulpiride, Amitriptyline, D-Amphetamine. Chlorpromazine abolishes the myoelectric stretch response while Meprobamate and Amitriptyline reduce it only a little. Pentobarbital and Sulpiride produce a biphasyc effect of opposite sign: at small doses Pentobarbital increases the stretch response while Sulpiride reduces it. At high doses we can see an opposite effect. Amphetamine, at least, at all studied doses decreases the myoelectric stretch response.

Amitriptyline↗

PubMed1980

[Effect of some psychotropic drugs on spontaneous electromyographic activity in the stressed rat].

Electromyographic registration of a skeletal muscle allows to point out not only the phasic activation but also the tonic activity which otherwise is difficult to value. We registered the spontaneous electromyographic activity of the gastrocnemius muscle in stressed rats. The intensity of the electromyographic signal is measured by electronic rectification and integration. We studied the dose-effect correlation of some neurotropic drugs: Pentobarbital, Meprobamate, Chlorpromazine, Sulpiride, Amitriptyline, D-Amphetamine. Chlorpromazine progressively reduces the spontaneous mioelectric activity until the whole abolition. At the studied doses Meprobamate doesn't reduce completely the spontaneous activity. At small doses of Pentobarbitral the spontaneous activity increases while at high doses it's abolished. At small doses Amitriptyline becomes an exciting drug while at higher doses it reduces the spontaneous mioelectric activity. Sulpiride at small doses inhibits the spontaneous activity while at high doses it seems to increase it. At all tested doses D-amphetamine remarkably increases the spontaneous mioelectric activity.

Amitriptyline↗

PubMed1980

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies of a new cephalosporin: cefamandole nafate].

The results of a pharmacokinetic and clinical study of cephamandol naphate indicated that the drug quickly reaches high plasma concentration after both i.m. and i.v. bolus administration. Urinary excretion of the biologically active form is as much as 84--90% of the total dose and mostly takes place in the first 6 hr. The therapeutic response was good: clinical cure in 90%, marked improvement in 6.6%, no change in 3.3%.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Enzymatic determination of faecal bile acids. A simple test for bile acid malabsorption.

A simple method for total faecal bile acid (FBA) determination was carried out. This test involves a 72 hour stool collection, homogenization and FBA determination by means of an enzymatic-fluorimetric method (3 -Hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase). The reliability of this test was discussed. FBA levels were tested in twelve healthy volunteers. In addition, two patients with bile acid malabsorption syndrome due to terminal ileitis and one patient with cholegenic diarrhoea caused by biliocolonic fistula were examined. The mean +/- SD of FBA values in healthy subjects was 0.49 +/- 0.3 g/72 hours. However, all patients tested show a marked increase of FBA levels. In conclusion the present method for bile acid determination in the faeces seems to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of bile acid malabsorption syndrome and in cholegenic diarrhoea.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗

PubMed1980

[Evaluation in vitro of the local anesthetic effect by means of the dose/stabilization effect curve].

The effect "in vitro" and "in vivo" of local anesthetics is normally evaluated at fixed time or considering the time required to obtain a per cent effect. We have attempted to estimate the dose/effect correlation at steady state using "in vitro" preparation of sciatic nerve-trunk of frog. Such an experiment is possible only if the concentrations of drugs tested are lower than those used in previous methods, so as not to inhibit the nerve fibres completely. The drugs tested were: lidocaine, procaine, promethazine and imipramine. Using linear regression analysis, it is possible to compare both the DE50 of the drugs tested and slopes of linear regression. In this manner we can better characterize the pharmacodynamic properties of local anesthetics.

Anesthetics, Local↗

PubMed1980

[Experimental neuritis in the rat: absence of effect of metronidazole].

The aim of the present work was to verify whether metronidazole can induce experimental polyneuropathy in rats. The animals were divided into 7 groups and metronidazole was administered orally. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were treated for 32 days respectively with 100, 150, 200 mg/kg/day of metronidazole. The other 4 groups received a daily dose of 150 mg/kg and were sacrificed respectively on the 8th, 16th, 24th, 32nd day of metronidazole administration. The presence of polyneuropathy after treatment was evaluated by behavioural tests and by using an "in vitro" preparation of sciatic nerve-trunk of rat. Metronidazole showed no consistent neurotoxic effects.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

[In-vitro evaluation of morphine dependence. I. Response of the rat "fundus" to ACh].

The kinetic of cholinergic receptor systems was studied in an in vitro model for opiate tolerance and dependence. The fundus strip of rats chronically treated with morphine and sacrificed at different time intervals and in different conditions (with and without abstinence signs) was used. In evaluating the responses of fundus to ACh, the cholinergic receptor system showed the same response both in a condition of abstinence and in a condition of non-abstinence in vivo and in vitro. The response does vary however, according to the duration of the treatment: after an initial increase it comes back to its normal values, thus reproducing the tolerance pattern.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1979

[In-vitro evaluation of morphine dependence. II. Response of the fat "fundus" to 5-HT].

The kinetic of serotoninergic receptor systems was studied in an in vitro model for opiate tolerance and dependence. The fundus strip of rats chronically treated with morphine and sacrificed at different time intervals and in different conditions (with and without abstinence signs) was used. The differences between the response to the 5-HT in a situation of abstinence as compared to the same preparation in a situation of non-abstinence (in vitro model for dependence) are not statistically significant. The variations in the response as related to duration of treatment in vivo of the various groups of animals, cannot be significantly correlated to morphine-induced tolerance.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

[In-vitro evaluation of morphine dependence. III. Response of the rat ileum to ACh].

The kinetic of cholinergic receptor systems was studied in an in vitro model for opiate tolerance and dependence. The isolated ileum of rate chronically treated with morphine and sacrificed at different time intervals and in different conditions (with and without abstinence signs) was used. In evaluating the response of this preparation to doses of ACh ranging from 5.5 x 10(-10) to 5.5 x 10(-7), no statistically significant response was found to the cholinergic receptor system in conditions of abstinence and non-abstinence in vivo and in vitro. On the other hand, statistically significant differences are related to duration of treatment in vivo. The pattern for these responses is similar to the one observed in the fundus (Note I) and it can be considered as an expression of morphine-induced tolerance.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1979

Total fasting and postprandial serum bile acids determination by 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in normal subjects.

Total serum bile acids (SBA) have been evaluated in 28 healthy subjects by an enzymatic-fluorimetric method using the enzyme 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. The healthy subjects showed a value of 2.78 +/- 1.84 microM/1 (mean +/- SD), ranging 0.5 to 4.7 microM/1. In addition, two hours postprandial evaluation of SBA was carried out in five of the above subjects. The mean value of SBA before and after the meal was 2.58 +/- 1.4 and 8.73 +/- 1.7 microM/1 respectively and the postprandial increase was found statistically significant (P less than 0.001). The present method for quantitative determination of SBA seems to be sensitive, reliable and useful as a routine clinical aid.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗

PubMed1979

Tachyphylactic action of high doses of pentagastrin.

The study of the human LES was performed with manometrical methods for atropine action on gastrine tachyphylaxis. Our study points out that there is a complex self regulating neuronal circuit in the LES contraction. We discuss some hypothesis for the LES control. In particular ACh could activate an inhibitory adrenergic muscarinic receptor.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Response to nor-epinephrine, isoprenaline and spironolactone derivatives in normal and hypertensive rats.

In normal as well as in experimentally hypertensive rats the Blood Pressure and Heart Rate response-time curves are investigated following administration of nor-epinephrine, isoprenaline, spironolactone and K-canrenoate. The results stress the pharmacological effect dependence on integrity of homeostatic blood pressure mechanisms. alpha and beta receptor systems, as well as renine-angiotensine-aldo sterone system show different response-kinetic in mononefrectomized and mononefrectomized plus controlateral renal stenosis rats (Grollmann's model), in comparison with normal. While in normal rats the spironolactones evoke an hypertensive effect in experimentally renal hypertensive rats they reduce pressure to normal values.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

[Pharmacokinetics of a new aminoglycoside: kanendomycin].

The pharmacokinetics of kanendomycin, a new aminoglycoside derived from kanamycin, has been assessed in 15 volunteers after i.m. administration of 100 and 300 mg and i.v. administration of 100 mg. Analysis of the tricompartmental model adopted for the pharmacokinetic study showed that kanendomycin half-life is similar and perhaps superior to that of gentamycin. The antibiotic's bioavailability is of the order of 70-80% of the dose used.

Aminoglycosides↗

PubMed1978