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Biomedical subjects

M E Yeolekar

Publications and source records attributed to M E Yeolekar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis in a pregnant woman with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis (RCM) is a rare but often fatal condition characterized by aggressive necrotizing infection originating from nose and spreading to paranasal sinuses, orbit and central nervous system. Although Fungi and spores of mucorales show minimal intrinsic pathogenicity towards normal persons, they can initiate fulminant infections in patients with underlying debilitating conditions. A case of RCM in a pregnant woman with diabetic keto-acidosis successfully treated by supportive care, amphotericin B and surgery is reported.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Methanol poisoning in medical intensive care unit.

A series of eight cases of methyl alcohol poisoning resulting from consumption of adulterated alcohol is presented. Most of the patients had blurring of vision followed by coma, metabolic acidosis and hemodynamic unstability (SBP < 90 mmHg) on admission to medical ICU. Early recognition and prompt initiation of treatment lead to successful recovery in five of these patients. Analysis of correlation between clinical and biochemical indicators of severity and indication for various therapeutic interventions are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Nosocomial pneumonia in medical intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to determine incidence, clinical features, microbiological flora and prognosis of patients with nosocomial pneumonia (NP) in medical intensive care unit (ICU). Also to study impact of comorbid illnesses, intubation and mechanical ventilation on outcome. METHODS: In this prospective study over a period of one year 89 patients were detected to have nosocomial pneumonia amongst 948 total admissions in ICU. All these 89 patients were investigated radiologically, microbiologically and biochemically. Mortality in these patients was correlated with various factors using chi-square test. RESULTS: Incidence of NP was 9.38%. Enteric gram-negative organisms were commonest isolates (61.9%), followed by Staph aureus (29.8%). Sixty five (73%) patients had severe pneumonia, 47 (52.8%) required intubation and 42 (47.2%) mechanical ventilation. Total mortality was 19 out of 89 (21.3%). High mortality was associated with habits like smoking (33.3%), age group over 60 years (27.3%), presence of comorbid illness like DM and COAD (38.5%), complications like ARDS (61.3%, p < 0.001) or sepsis with end organ failure (73.7%, p < 0.001) and need of intubation (36.2%) or mechanical ventilation (40.5%, p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: Nosocomial pneumonias constitute important problem in medical ICU and are associated with high mortality. Patients with advanced age, co-morbid illness, ARDS and end organ failure are at high risk for mortality. However with intensive supportive care and appropriate antibiotics many such lives can be saved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Effect of prazosin GITS, atenolol, nifedipine SR, and enalapril on ADP-induced platelet aggregation.

A randomized, observer-blind, parallel-group study was carried out to compare the effect of prazosin GITS, atenolol, nifedipine SR, and enalapril on platelet aggregation, measured at a time expected to coincide with trough plasma levels of these drugs. 24 patients (age-30 to 60 yrs) with uncomplicated mild to moderate hypertension who completed a placebo run-in phase successfully were recruited in this study. They were randomly allocated to one of the 4 treatments: prazosin GITS 2.5 mg OD (Group 1), atenolol 50 mg OD (Group II), nifedipine SR 20 mg BD (Group III), and enalapril 5 mg OD (Group IV). All the drugs were given for 7 days, and blood samples were collected at 0 hr on day 1 (pre-treatment) and day 8 (post-treatment). Based on the dose (incremental concentrations of ADP)--response (% maximum aggregation) curve obtained, 2.5 microM/L of ADP was used to compare % inhibition of platelet aggregation among the 4 groups. We found that prazosin GITS inhibited % maximum aggregation significantly (p = 0.02) at 2.5 microM/L of ADP. Such inhibitory effect was not seen in any of the other groups. The inhibition produced by prazosin GITS differed significantly from the action of the other 3 drugs (p < 0.05). This antiplatelet effect of prazosin GITS bears more clinical relevance in view of the fact that it was seen at a time which is expected to coincide with the trough plasma levels of prazosin.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1998

Psychosocial aspects of seropositive HIV patients.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, has become a serious global health problem with an enormous biomedical impact and diverse psychological and clinical manifestation. A study was conducted wherein seropositive HIV patients admitted in a medical ward were assessed for demographic profile, presenting physical illness, mode of contacting the infection, psychiatric morbidity and associated psychosocial factors. The results revealed male preponderance and heterosexual unprotected exposure as the common mode of contacting the illness. It was observed that majority of the patients presented with tuberculosis. Psychiatric assessment revealed a high rate of depressive and anxiety syndromes. Thus it was concluded that the HIV-infected population has a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders as compared to the general population. The reason for this includes psychological, biological and social factors.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

Circadian rhythm in acute stroke.

Ischemic events have been reported to follow a circadian rhythm. The frequency of myocardial infarction is found to be increased between 6:01 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. Blood pressure also demonstrates a similar circadian variation. Circadian variation of stroke onset has also been reported, but with contradictory findings. To determine this in the Indian population, we studied 182 consecutive patients of acute stroke admitted to our words within twelve hours of onset. The frequency of onset of stroke was found to be highest between 6:01 am and 2:00 pm, in patients of infarct as well as haemorrhage. Patients of hypertension also showed a similar variation. Thus, the identification of periods of high risk, may help by matching drug doses with periods of vulnerability.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Porencephalic cyst.

Porencephalic cyst with seizure is rare. It represents a part of diffuse cerebral maldevelopment. Porencephaly occurs as a result of imbalance between brain growth and its vascular supply and is picked up by CT scan.

Adult↗