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Biomedical subjects

M E Phillips

Publications and source records attributed to M E Phillips.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Oral essential amino acid supplementation in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Sixteen patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis were studied before and during oral treatment with essential amino acids. The patients received their usual diets (60-100 g protein/day) throughout the study. Plasma amino acids were studied pre-dialysis before supplements were started, after one month and after three months treatment; some measurements were also carried out post-dialysis. Before treatment 63% of patients pre-dialysis, and 82% post dialysis, had at least one essential amino acid value which was lower than our normal range. After one month of treatment 38% of patients pre-dialysis, and 67% post-dialysis, had one or more low essential amino acid value. After 3 months only 2 patients had an abnormal essential amino acid chromatogram pre-dialysis. Changes in non-essential amino acids, blood urea, serum proteins and hemoglobin are also reported. The data show that low plasma essential amino acid concentrations are frequently present in patients on maintenance hemodialysis even when the diet contains theoretically adequate amounts of protein. This deficiency can be corrected successfully with oral essential amino acid supplements.

Amino Acids, Essential↗
PubMed1977

Survival in 200 patients treated by haemodialysis and renal transplantation.

The survival rates in 200 patients with terminal renal failure treated by maintenance haemodialysis and renal transplantation were analysed. The overall survival rate (+/- SE) was 81-4 +/- 3% at two years, 68-4 +/- 4% at five years, and 60-8 +/- 4-8% at eight years. Survival was inversely related to age: in those aged 15-34 years overall survival was 89-7 +/- 3-7% at two years, 87-8 +/- 4-1% at five years, and 83-9 +/- 5-5% at eight years. Eighty per cent of the surviving patients were able to work full time. The survival rate in patients returned to dialysis after graft rejection was 87-5% +/- 8-3 at three years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Immune responses to mouse neuroblastoma C1300. I. Preliminary observations on cell-mediated immune responses.

In vitro cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) for [3H]proline-labeled target cells was demonstrated with the use of unfractionated populations of regional lymph node, spleen, and peritoneal cells (RLNC's, SPC's, PC's, respectively) from C57BL/6 and strain A mice. Syngeneic and allogeneic hosts were immunized sc or ip with C1300 tumor or syngeneic SPC's. The syngeneic and allogeneic host effector lymphoid cells showed various degrees of cytotoxicity for C1300 target cells 3-9 days after one immunization with C1300, whereas the effector lymphoid cells of hosts immunized with syngeneic SPC's generally showed less CMC for C1300 and frequently increased the growth of C1300 target cells when compared to C1300 targets plus media controls. Effector cells obtained from lymphoid organs in the region nearest the immunization (i.e., RLNC from sc-inoculated hosts) demonstrated significantly more CMC than did effector cells from more remote lymphoid organs. The PC's and SPC's of C1300 ip hyperimmunized allogeneic hosts produced greater CMC than did those of mice immunized once. This was not observed if syngeneic C1300 or SPC's were used as hyperimmunizing antigens. The CMC of nonimmunized host effector lymphoid cells for syngeneic labeled target cells was demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Plasma steroid and protein hormone concentrations in patients with prostatic carcinoma, before and during oestrogen therapy.

Plasma testosterone, androstenedione, oestradiol-17beta, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were not significantly different in patients with prostatic cancer, with benign prostatic hyperplasia or in patients without prostatic disease. Plasma prolactin concentrations were significantly lower in the patients with benign disease than those with prostatic carcinoma. Endocrine therapy in the form of stilboestrol administration significantly decreased plasma levels of testosterone, oestradiol-17beta, FSH and LH within 7 days of the treatment. After 7 days therapy prolactin levels increased significantly in all patients studied. Changes in growth hormone concentrations were more varied in response to stilboestrol, being elevated in several patients and remaining unchanged in others. Treatment of a few prostatic carcinoma patients who were receiving stilboestrol therapy with CB154, an inhibitor of prolactin secretion, brought an immediate decrease in prolactin levels which was was sustained. Plasma testosterone, androstenedione and growth hormone were unchanged in these patients but a significant decrease in plasma oestradiol-17beta was noted in two patients during CB154 administration.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Incorporation of isotopic carbon into cerebral glycogen from non-glucose substrates.

1. Measurable incorporation of radioactive carbon from [U-14C]pyruvate, [U-14C]-glutamate and [14C]bicarbonate into the glycogen synthesized by brain slices in vitro was demonstrated. 2. The fructose diphosphatase activity of guinea-pig brain was determined and found to be about 0.03 mumol of substrate degraded/min per g of fresh tissue. 3. The specific radioactivity of the glucose carbon from glycogen relative to that of the precursor added to the incubation medium gave approximate values of 0.195 for glucose, 0.006 for pyruvate, 0.039 for glutamate and 0.001 for bicarbonate.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Tetracycline poisoning in renal failure.

Seven cases are reported in which drugs of the tetracycline group produced a fall in the glomerular filtration rate. In six patients there was a primary underlying renal disease and renal impairment. All seven patients were made seriously ill by the antibiotic. Two patients required immediate haemodialysis; one died and the other continued on dialysis until transplanted. Another patient initially responded to intravenous fluids and protein restriction but his renal function deteriorated and four months later he began maintenance haemodialysis. Three patients required peritoneal dialysis. The seventh patient responded satisfactorily to conservative management. The medical and medicolegal complications arising from the use of tetracycline in patients with renal disease are discussed. Yet another plea is made that drugs of the tetracycline group other than doxycycline should not be given to patients with chronic renal failure.

Adult↗