Biomedical subjects

M E Pawson

Publications and source records attributed to M E Pawson.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Birth weight: nature or nurture?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relative role of environmental and genetic factors in the determination of birth weight following ovum donation. METHODS: Data from 62 cases of ovum donation were used to examine the relative influence of donor and recipient on birth weight. RESULTS: The only discernible factors that significantly influenced birth weight were gestational age and recipient's weight. Donor weight, her own birth weight, and the birth weight of the donor's own children were not significantly correlated with the birth weight of the child following ovum donation. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the environment provided by the human mother is more important than her genetic contribution to birth weight.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

The role of chronic anovulation in the polycystic ovary syndrome: normalization of sex-hormone-binding globulin levels after clomiphene-induced ovulation.

A group of anovulatory patients with polycystic ovaries (PCO) was given clomiphene citrate and compared with three control groups: normal women having spontaneous, ovulatory cycles, patients with PCO having spontaneous, regular, ovulatory cycles, and anovulatory patients without PCO. Comparisons were made at precise points of the menstrual cycle (taking the day of ovulation as day 0), using ultrasound estimates of mean follicular diameter, uterine volume, and endometrial thickness, and biochemical measurements of LH, FSH, oestradiol (E2), testosterone (T), progesterone (P) and sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Before clomiphene treatment, the anovulatory patients with PCO had significantly lower levels of SHBG and higher follicular phase concentrations of LH than all three control groups. After two cycles of clomiphene-induced ovulation, the serum LH concentration fell significantly and levels of SHBG increased significantly to levels similar to those found in spontaneously ovulating women with normal ovaries. It is likely that the loss of the usual considerable rise in E2 in both the follicular and luteal phases of ovulatory cycles is the main reason for the low SHBG found in the PCO syndrome. The loss of the normal P-induced gonadotrophin suppression may be a factor in allowing LH levels to rise.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

The diagnosis of polycystic ovaries in subfertile women.

Laparoscopy was used to identify the polycystic ovary (PCO) in a group of subfertile women. A third were found to have PCO. These patients had higher levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T) and a higher free androgen index (FAI) than those with normal ovaries. Only 15% of patients with laparoscopic evidence of PCO were obese, hirsute and oligomenorrhoeic. Within the PCO group, hirsutism was strongly associated with obesity and a high FAI. A group of subfertile women with PCO and regular cycles was found who had no other identifiable cause for their infertility. These women had higher follicular phase concentrations of LH and higher FAI than ovulatory women with normal ovaries.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

The effect of clomiphene citrate on follicular phase increase in endometrial thickness and uterine volume.

Fifteen ovulating women had serial ultrasound scans to measure follicular, endometrial, and uterine growth, as well as biochemical indices including estradiol (E2) and the free androgen index, throughout a natural and a clomiphene-citrate-induced cycle. Despite higher E2 levels in the 5 days preceding ovulation, the clomiphene cycles were characterized by absence of the normal increase in uterine volume and an inhibition of endometrial thickening. It is proposed that the anti-estrogen effect of clomiphene inhibits the normal cyclical growth of the uterus and endometrium.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

What are the ultrasound and biochemical features of impending ovulation?

Thirty-two ovulatory women had serial ultrasound measurements of uterine volume, endometrial thickness and leading follicular diameter compared with serum oestradiol, testosterone and sex-hormone binding globulin. Follicular diameter, endometrial thickness and uterine volume were significantly correlated with serum oestradiol. The day before ovulation was characterized by maximal values for oestradiol, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, endometrial thickness, uterine volume and leading follicular diameter. Leading follicular diameter and endometrial thickness in particular, appear to be useful parameters to indicate impending ovulation.

Endometrium↗

PubMed1981

Cervicitis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1970

Routine induction of labour by amniotomy and simultaneous Syntocinon (synthetic oxytocin) infusion.

Of 2,272 deliveries between 1 October, 1967 and 31 December, 1968 290 were induced by simultaneous intravenous Syntocinon (synthetic oxytocin) at amniotomy. The hazards of induction of labour are greatly reduced when this method is used routinely. Only 4 of the 13 caesarean sections were thought to be due to failure of method. Within 12 hours 221 patients were delivered, and this short induction-delivery interval resulted in an extremely low maternal and fetal morbidity. It is believed that with proper safeguards and in the light of present knowledge this is the method of choice.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗