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Biomedical subjects

M E Moreno

Publications and source records attributed to M E Moreno.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Molecular characterization of a novel, serologically detectable, HLA-C allele: Cw*1602.

Cw*1602, a novel HLA-C allele belonging to the newly assigned Cw*16 group, has been cloned and sequenced from a Spanish Caucasoid cell expressing a "Cw6.2" phenotype. Some of the polymorphic substitutions of the new allele, and linkage disequilibrium to B51, had been predicted on the basis of previously published studies. The primary structure of Cw*1602 is in agreement with its serologic reactivity and, in comparison with that of Cw*1601, underlines the dimorphism of HLA-C molecules at residues 77 and 80 of the alpha 1-domain alpha helix.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

Molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotide detection of the allele encoding the novel allospecificity HLA-Cw6.2 (Cw*1502) in Spanish gypsies.

A proposed novel allospecificity, HLA-Cw6.2, has been reported to be commonly found (approximately 25%) in Spanish Gypsies. Full-length cDNAs of the allele (Cw*1502) coding for this antigen have been cloned in this study. A simple PCR-SSO method for its detection has been standardized and a correlation with the serologic Cw6.2 phenotype has been established. This specificity has been also detected in the homozygous typing cell RML. Although the primary structures of Cw*1502 and Cw*0601 are not closely related, they share specific motifs that may account for their serologic cross-reactivity. Two novel HLA-C alleles (Cw*12022 and Cw*0602) are also reported.

Alleles↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of an HLA-DR15 DQ5 haplotype found in the Spanish Caucasoid population.

HLA class II typing by RFLP and PCR-SSOP has been performed on HLA-DR2-positive individuals as a part of a study on MHC in a Spanish Caucasoid population. The results of this study reveal that HLA-DR15 (DRB1*1501 DRB5*0101) and DQ5 (DQA1*0102 DQB1*0501/0502) are not uncommonly associated in such a population. Family segregation has been assessed and allogeneic reactivity against some classic DR2 haplotypes has been tested; a stimulatory capability of DQ6 antigen in this situation is shown. It is suggested that the reported association is not uncommon in European Caucasoids as well as in other populations and it should be considered in matching for transplantation and in DR2-associated diseases.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Distribution of HLA antigens in Spanish Gypsies: a comparative study.

We have studied the HLA-class I and class II antigen distribution in a sample of 75 Spanish Gypsies and 74 Spanish non-Gypsies by serology, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and protein chain reaction and hybridization with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. When both population samples are compared, we find that Gypsies have a statistically significantly higher frequency of A1, A11, B61, Cw6, DQ5 and haplotypes DR16 DQ5 Dw21 and DR14 DQ5 Dw9 DR52b. Frequency of A3, A29, B44, DR4, DQ2, DQ8 and haplotypes DR1 DQ5 and DR7 DQ2 DB17 DR53 are significantly lower in this ethnic group. The analysis of the serological data in the two populations demonstrates that Cw6 can be split into long Cw6 (Cw6.1) and short Cw6 (Cw6.2). Haplotype A1-Cw6-B61-DR14-DQ5 is the most characteristic in Gypsies, with a frequency of 13%. Estimation of the genetic distances shows that Spanish Gypsies are closer to Indian Caucasoid populations than to the Spanish non-Gypsy population. HLA data support the proposed historical origin of this ethnic group.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

HLA-DR2, a marker for class I antigen sensitization.

After analysis of 423 hemodialysis patients in a transfusion program and 461 cadaver-donor renal transplants, we found that HLA-DR2 frequency was significantly higher in the responder (36%) than in the nonresponder patient group (19%), according to the percentage of PRA (panel reactive antibodies). Among DR2+ patients, the percentage of hypersensitized patients was twice that of DR2- patients. Graft survival curves in cadaver-donor renal transplants indicated a significantly lower survival when recipients were DR2+, even in recipient-donor pairs identical for class II antigens but mismatched for class I antigens. The prognostic probability of low response to transfusions by a stepwise logistic regression analysis showed the influence of sex and DR2 phenotype. By multivariant discriminant analysis, we found that the DR2 phenotype was one of the most influential transfusion sensitization risk factors. Our preliminary conclusion is that DR2 can be related to immune responsiveness to class I antigens.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1978

Inherited congenital normofunctional testicular hyperplasia and mental deficiency. A corroborative study.

Three 46,XY unrelated individuals out of 84 postpubertal male inpatients with severe mental deficiency in a psychiatric hospital were found to have megalorchidia and macrogenitosomia. One of the cases had a similarly affected brother. Endocrine studies were performed in two of the cases with similar results. Normal plasma levels of pituitary gonadotropins were found. A normal testicular function was demonstrated by the finding of normal: (a) baseline plasma testosterone levels and a significant rise following human chorionic gonadotropin administration, (b) sperm analysis, and (c) morphology and cell architecture of the testes. These results were compatible with normofunctional testicular hyperplasia confirming previous observations and allowing the definite individualization of a syndrome with mental deficiency probably due to an X-linked recessive mutation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

HLA phenotype and haplotype frequencies in a sample of the Spanish population.

The frequencies of HLA antigens and genes were determined in 491 unrelated individuals from the area of Madrid. In order to obtain a fairly good idea of the HLA antigen frequencies in the Spanish population, our results have been compared with those reported from Barcelona. Haplotype frequencies were observed in 212 parents and compared with the frequencies estimated from the 491 individuals. The present data show certain characteristics of the Spanish population and are in good agreement with other studies in the demonstration of linkage disequilibrium between genes of the two series.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1976

Inherited congenital normofunctional testicular hyperplasia and mental deficiency.

Four 46,XY siblings with congenital bilateral megalorchidia, marcogenitosomia, and severe mental deficiency were investigated. The testicular size was significantly larger than age-matched normal males. A normal hypothalamic-pituitary gonadotropin function was demonstrated by the finding of normal levels of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones in blood samples drawn at frequent intervals and by normal responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone and testosterone administration. A normal testicular function was shown by the finding of normal (a) plasma testosterone and estradiol levels, (b) gonadal response to human chorionic gonadotropin, (c) sperm analysis, and (d) morphology and cell architecture of the testes. Adrenal function was found to be within normal limits. These results demonstrated the existence of normofunctional testicular hyperplasia. The family studies suggested that this distinct congenital disorders is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A randomized double-blind clinical trial of two antivenoms in patients bitten by Bothrops atrox in Colombia. The Regional Group on Antivenom Therapy Research (REGATHER).

A randomized double-blind clinical trial in 39 patients envenomed by Bothrops atrox in Antioquia and Chocó, Colombia, was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of 2 equine-derived antivenoms prepared at Instituto Clodomiro Picado, University of Costa Rica. Twenty patients received a monovalent anti-B. atrox antivenom (group A) and 19 patients were treated with a polyvalent (Crotalinae) antivenom (group B). Both antivenoms were equally efficient in the neutralization of the most relevant signs of envenoming (haemorrhage and blood clotting time alteration). Fourteen patients (36%) presented early adverse reactions to antivenoms and no significant difference between the 2 groups was observed. Urticaria (18%) was the most frequent early adverse reaction and there was no life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. Based on clinical criteria and serum venom levels, estimated by an enzyme immunoassay, 15 patients were classified into 2 groups: mild and moderate/severe envenoming. With the antivenom doses used in this study (3, 6 and 9 vials for mild, moderate and severe envenoming, respectively), both antivenoms were equally efficient in clearing serum venom levels within the first hour of treatment, and the levels remained below the lower limit of venom detection for 24 h. Antivenom concentration in serum remained high for up to 24 h after antivenom infusion, suggesting that an excess of antibody in relation to circulating antigen had been administered.

Adolescent↗