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Biomedical subjects

M E Lynch

Publications and source records attributed to M E Lynch.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of clenbuterol on recovery of muscle mass and carcass protein content following experimental hyperthyroidism in old rats.

The beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clenbuterol, has hastened the recovery of skeletal muscle and carcass weights and carcass protein stores lost during experimental hyperthyroidism in 24-month-old rats. Daily injection of 6.5 micrograms T3 per 100 g body weight for 2 weeks and 4.0 micrograms for the third week caused a 17-22% reduction in total body, carcass and combined hindlimb muscle weights, and a 16-21% reduction in carcass protein stores. Feeding diet containing 10 mg clenbuterol per kg during a 3-week recovery period caused complete restoration of these parameters to euthyroid control levels while the feeding control diet did not.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attentional response at eight weeks in prenatally drug-exposed and preterm infants.

To evaluate the effect of prenatal polydrug exposure on infant attention, 105 8-week-old African-American infants were presented a series of stimuli and their heart rates (HRs) were recorded. Infants were identified postnatally based on mothers' substance use. Four groups were tested: 1) preterm drug-exposed infants (n = 25); 2) full-term, drug-exposed (n = 32); 3) preterm nonexposed (n = 22); and 4) full-term, nonexposed (n = 26). Preterm infants' ages were corrected. Infant's baseline HRs were recorded and then stimuli presented in the following order: auditory (rattle), visual (red ring), and social (examiner's face and voice). There were no HR differences at baseline or in auditory or visual conditions. However, significant differences (F(2, 103) = 6.54, p < 0.01) were seen in response to social stimuli. Drug-exposed infants showed an acceleratory HR indicating distress or arousal and control infants showed a deceleratory response indicating focused attention and there was an interaction due to greater HR response in preterms. Hierarchical regression indicated cocaine (R2 = 0.034, p < 0.05) but not other drug use and instability in parenting (R2 = 0.137, p < 0.001) accounted for the observed differences.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of antifungal drug resistance in the pathogenesis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

The aetiology of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) caused by Candida albicans remains unclear. To adequately address the role of antifungal resistance as a potential mechanism for RVVC, a longitudinal susceptibility analysis of 177 C. albicans isolates collected from 50 C. albicans RVVC patients over a period of 3 months to 7 years was performed. Antifungals tested included clotrimazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole. Results showed that all vaginal isolates were uniformly susceptible to all drugs tested and that successive isolates from individual patients did not show increased resistance to any drug despite long-term exposure to azoles. These results suggest that episodes of RVVC caused by C. albicans are rarely of ever attributable to azole antifungal resistance.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A pilot study examining topical amitriptyline, ketamine, and a combination of both in the treatment of neuropathic pain.

OBJECTIVE: The involvement of ongoing peripheral activity in the generation of nociceptive input in neuropathic pain suggests that topical drug delivery may be useful as a treatment strategy. This is a pilot study providing initial information regarding the use of novel topical preparations containing amitriptyline (AMI), ketamine (KET), and a combination of both in the treatment of neuropathic pain. METHODS: The study design included a 2 day randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, 4 way cross-over trial of all treatments, followed by an open label treatment phase using the combination cream for 7 days. Twenty volunteers with chronic neuropathic pain were randomly assigned to treatment order and applied 5 mls of each topical treatment (1% AMI, 0.5% KET, combination AMI 1%/KET 0.5%, and placebo) for 2 days. Measures of pain at the end of each block included the short form McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and visual analog scales (VAS) for present pain intensity and pain relief. Eleven subjects who judged subjective improvement from any treatment in the initial trial entered the open-label trial and used the combination cream for 7 days. Pain levels were recorded daily using the same measures. Blood levels for amitriptyline and ketamine were performed at 7 days to determine whether systemic absorption had occurred. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference from placebo after 2 days for any treatment during the double blind component of the trial. In the 11 subjects who used the combination cream, there was a statistically significant effect, with subjects reporting significantly greater analgesia by days 3 to 7 according to measures of pain and pain relief. Blood levels revealed that there was no significant systemic absorption of amitriptyline or ketamine. Only 2 subjects experienced side effects; these were minor and did not lead to discontinuation of the cream. CONCLUSION: This pilot study demonstrated a lack of effect for all treatments in the 2 day double blind placebo controlled trial, followed by analgesia in an open label trial in a subgroup of subjects who chose to use the combination cream for 7 days. Blood analysis revealed no significant systemic absorption of either agent after 7 days of treatment, and creams were well tolerated. A larger scale randomized trial over a longer interval is warranted to examine further effects observed in the open label trial.

Administration, Topical↗