Out of a series of 427 NHML based on the Kiel classification and without previous treatment, 186 were of high grade malignancy and among them were 83 lymphoblastic (LB) and 58 immunoblastic (IB) lymphomas which were included in this study. The LB and IB, which represent the majority of high grade NHML, were compared regarding their clinical features and courses. Eight main criteria were significantly different between these two groups: age of patient, immunological history, mediastinal and pleural involvement, primary or secondary involvement of the bone marrow, secondary leukaemia, secondary meningeal involvement, and involvement of the facial region. Some of these differences (mediastinum and meningeal involvement) are related to subtypes within LB. The differences between these two groups suggest that different treatment programs may be warranted.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dexamethasone therapy in chronic lung disease.

Steroids have been used in the treatment of infants with chronic lung disease (CLD) for over a decade. Some studies have reported beneficial effects from long, tapering 42-day course of dexamethasone. Short term regimens have also shown beneficial effects on ventilator dependent infants with CLD. Although steroid therapy has been successful in infants with established CLD, more recently, dexamethasone therapy is being initiated in infants with RDS considered to be at risk for developing CLD. Some of the initial studies reported higher rates of infection, but more recent prospective data have not shown an increased incidence of sepsis in patients treated with steroids. Presently, early steroid therapy appears to be beneficial to minimize lung injury in infants treated with surfactant.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Induction chemotherapy of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas. Preliminary results of a controlled trial.

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Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

13C NMR studies of bacterial fermentations.

We describe the experimental methods used and the constraints that apply in studies of anaerobic cell metabolism by 13C NMR. We review some of the results of our recent work in this area. Clostridium neopropionicum was shown to ferment ethanol into propionate by the acrylate, non-randomizing pathway. The same metabolic route accounts for 50% of the propionate formed in the complex ecosystem that inhabits the pig's large intestine. The rest is formed via the randomizing succinate pathway. Reductive, hydrogenotrophic acetogenesis was studied in several ecosystems. Although it is usually overshadowed by methanogenesis in the competition for hydrogen, it may become an efficient electron sink when methane biosynthesis is blocked by a specific inhibitor.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Developmental and aging aspects of the cholinergic innervation of the olfactory bulb.

The olfactory bulb is a limbic paleocortex which receives monosynaptic sensory afferents from the olfactory mucosa, and a strong direct cholinergic input from the basal forebrain. This review focuses on the rat olfactory bulb as a suitable model to study cholinergic involvements in cortical processing, during development, adulthood and aging. Anatomical and biochemical data show that cholinergic influences upon the bulbar neuronal network are exerted through several types of target cells and receptors (muscarinic and nicotinic). Functional data indicate that cholinergic afferents to the olfactory bulb are involved in local events related to olfactory learning. Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease involve early olfactory deficits and typical histopathological lesions in the olfactory bulb. In summary, with its exclusively extrinsic cholinergic innervation and direct sensory input, the rat olfactory bulb offers the opportunity to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cholinergic influences on cortical processing, in both normal and pathological conditions.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Oligo-alpha-thymidylates covalently linked to intercalating agents: circular dichroism studies of their interaction with complementary sequences.

The interaction between oligo-alpha-thymidylates covalently linked to an intercalating agent (an acridine derivative) and their complementary sequences containing beta-nucleosides (poly(rA), poly(dA), r(Ap)7rA, p(dA)8) has been studied using circular dichroism spectroscopy. Binding to poly(rA) and to poly(dA) of the modified oligonucleotides led to large changes in the induced circular dichroism signal of the acridine ring. These changes depend on whether the dye is linked to the 3'- or to the 5'-end of the oligonucleotide. Interaction with poly(rA) as well as interaction with an octadeoxyriboadenylate led to the formation of a 1A:1T complex. With poly(dA), in addition to the 1A:1T complex, a 1A:2T complex was observed when the acridine derivative was linked to the 3'-end of the octa-alpha-thymidylate. The double-stranded structures formed with poly(rA) and poly(dA) were characterized by different environments of the acridine dye. Binding to poly(rA) gave much stronger complexes than binding to poly(dA). With poly(rA) the complex was more stable when the dye was bound at the 5'-end of the oligonucleotide. Comparison between the circular dichroism changes observed upon binding at the level of polymers [poly(rA) or poly(dA)] and those obtained at the level of oligomers [r(Ap)7rA or pd(A)8] gave information relative to the position of the acridine ring in the helix.

Aminoacridines↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fermentation of green alga sea-lettuce (Ulva sp) and metabolism of its sulphate by human colonic microbiota in a semi-continuous culture system.

The green alga, sea-lettuce (Ulva sp), could be considered as a new source of dietary fibre. Ulva, however, contains high levels of sulphate, part of which is chemically bound in soluble polymers (ulvan). The purpose of this study was to assess the fermentation characteristics and sulphate metabolism of Ulva and ulvan by human faecal bacteria fermentation system using a semi-continuous fermenter. Ulva and ulvan were poorly fermented, even after adaptation of the microbiota. Only 16.6% and 8.9% of Ulva and ulvan organic matter, respectively, were recovered as short chain fatty acids. Nevertheless, 40% of the sulphate in Ulva was dissimilated to sulphide by sulphate-reducing bacteria. Supplementation of Ulva with more fermentable polysaccharides, such as algal xylan and resistant starch, though decreasing the ammonia production originating from Ulva protein degradation, did not significantly reduce the sulphide levels. It is postulated that unless crude Ulva is desulphated, its daily consumption at a level of 20 g of dry product could stimulate colonic microbial sulphate reduction, which may have detrimental effects for the host.

Acetates↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of aprotinin on postoperative blood loss in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) enables a reduction in postoperative complications, particularly bleeding and transfusion. Nevertheless, a significant percentage of patients still needs transfusion. The effect of antifibrinolytic therapy on postoperative bleeding as part of OPCAB is still not widely described. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential benefit of aprotinin in OPCAB. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective comparative study with a historical control group. Consecutive patients undergoing off-pump coronary bypass were divided in two groups: 40 patients were operated without any antifibinolytic drug (group C); 40 patients received aprotinin (group A) during surgery. Patients in group A received a bolus of 2 x 10(6) KIU during 30 minutes, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.5 x 10(6) KIU per hour until the end of surgery. The same protocol was used during the whole study period. RESULTS: Preoperative data of the two groups did not differ except for the number of grafts performed, which was higher in group A. Prothrombin time and activated clotting time increased in both groups after surgery. The use of packed red blood cells or fresh frozen plasma was not significantly different between both groups. Postoperative blood loss was significantly reduced in the aprotinin group (540 mL +/- 320 vs. 770 mL +/- 390, p = 0.006). No increase in postoperative troponin values was found in group A. CONCLUSIONS: Aprotinin significantly reduced postoperative blood loss without reducing the transfusion rate. Aprotinin was not associated with any increase in postoperative complications.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A glance back in time. Nursing diagnosis: process and decision. 1966.

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History, 20th Century↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Return ticket.

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Return ticket.

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Significance of chemotherapy complementary to radiotherapy in stages I and II in Hodgkin's disease].

In a series of 118 cases of Hodgkin's disease in stage I and II successively treated by irradiation alone or by chemotherapy followed by irradiation or by chemotherapy + irradiation + chemotherapy, a retrospective analysis brings out the share of classical radiotherapy in the cures associated with chemotherapy, which in providing a remission rate of the order of 90 p. 100 renders superfluous the maintenance of a long course of chemotherapy and of negligible interest the performance of an exploratory laparotomy.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A very high level in a cardiac troponin I assay].

Cardiac troponin I (TnIc) is a very sensitive and also a specific marker of myocardial injuries. We report here, the clinical case of a patient with a particularly important and brutal increase of the troponin during a myocardial infarction. A 64-year-old man was admitted to hospital. He had a myocardial infarction associated to a cardiac necrosis and important cytolysis. The troponin assay was normal when the patient was hospitalized. The angioplasty coronary reperfusion brought about a massive troponin Ic release in systemic circulation: the assay made 10 hours after the appearance of the symptoms shows us an exceptional TnIc concentration that is greater than 4000 microg/L (baseline: 1,5 microg/L). This might be the highest value ever reported.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Cutaneous herpesvirus infections and malignant blood disorders. Epidemiology].

One hundred and ten skin infections with herpes virus were seen in a uniform group of 1,002 lymphoma-leukaemias dominated by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (385) and Hodgkin's Disease (327). They appeared with a significantly increased frequency in the course of Hodgkin's Disease, and between the ages of 60 and 69 for the other groups. In the Hodgkin's cases they appeared characteristically during complete remission and in the others during the active phase of their disease. Only exceptionally was there evidence of contact infection. Also these infections seemed mainly due to the re-awakening of a latent virus infection as against a failure of natural defense mechanisms of the organism, which the disease itself and the therapeutic regime might alter in a variable fashion.

Adolescent↗