Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Dugas

Publications and source records attributed to M Dugas.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Open trial of carbamazepine in the prevention of recurrence of bipolar disorder in adolescents].

While the existence of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents is now recognized, the prevalence of the disorder is still unknown, although it is clear that its' incidence increases markedly at puberty. The risks inherent in the course of the disorder, including recurrence and suicidal gestures, highlight the importance of its early recognition; however, diagnosis and identification of predictive factors in childhood bipolar disorder is problematic. Given the development of new mood-regulating psychopharmacological treatments for adults, early diagnosis in children is even more important. For children and adolescents, previous studies have shown the efficacy of lithium in the prevention of recurrence of bipolar disorder, but only over short periods of time. There are very few published studies on the use of carbamazepine in bipolar disorder; those that exist are most often single case studies. The authors present the results of an uncontrolled study of 11 patients, aged 10 to 17 years, diagnosed with bipolar according to DSM III-R criteria. These patients were treated with carbamazepine for a period of over 1 year. Two cases, especially noteworthy for their improvement, are presented in greater detail. A positive response was considered to have been obtained if a period greater than 1 year of normal affect was obtained. According to this criterion, seven patients were positive responders, two were moderate responders and two did not respond to treatment. Tolerance to the medication was good; in no cases it was necessary to interrupt treatment. Principle adverse side effects were biological, involving an increase in a single liver enzyme. Comparison among positive, moderate and non responders did not reveal any criteria predictive of therapeutic effectiveness. Despite methodological difficulties, these data point the importance of developing controlled studies with carbamazepine in the prevention of recurrence of bipolar disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Towards an early diagnosis of gender identity disorders].

This paper deals with children's gender identity disorders on a bibliographical basis. Their etiopathogeny, their scarce but dramatical evolution towards transsexualism and their treatment are described. The record of a personal case illustrates these topics. A consistent basis, made of the various clinical patterns found by different authors is built and enriched, contributing to an earlier assessment of gender identity disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Eating disorders in a student population. Epidemiologic data].

Most epidemiologic studies about eating disorders have emphasized the frequency of bulimic syndromes and occasional bulimic behaviors among students. The variability of clinical rates and diagnostic criteria used, partly explains the heterogeneousness of those studies. In our study, we used the BULIT questionnaire on a population of speech-therapy students, including all three years levels of training. 548 questionnaires were then analysed. We chose 88 as a discriminative score for occasional bulimic behaviors, and 102 for bulimic syndromes, as previously proposed by the authors of the questionnaire. We found that occasional bulimic behaviors and bulimic syndromes are less frequent in our sample compared to other studies. Nevertheless, a more precise analysis of the different items showed: a feeling of dissatisfaction towards eating habits, an exagerated fear of loss of control, frequent dysphoric feelings after overeating episodes. These findings confirm that eating is a very important concern in student population. These clinical symptoms could be considered as risk factors for eating disorders bulimia type, and might help prevention in such a population.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gifted children. Psychological and psychopathological aspects (author's transl)].

After having tried to define the term "gifted children" the authors record the principal works devoted to this subject and the opinions, often controversial raised by the attitude in regard to exceptional children in different countries. Then, are given the means to detect gifted children as well as the characteristics in the recognition of the very young gifted children. In a third section are described the psychology and the difficulties of adaptation which these children sometimes encounter (scholastic problems, behavioral and personality problems, seldom psychotic). Finally, the orientation of gifted children can be undertaken in three ways, all of which present advantages and disadvantages: grouping in special classes, speeding up and enrichment of the programmes.

Adaptation, Psychological↗