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Biomedical subjects

M Dramaix

Publications and source records attributed to M Dramaix.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Metrological study of psychological questionnaires with reference to social variables: the Belgian Heart Disease Prevention Project (BHDPP).

In the framework of a controlled trial on the multifactorial prevention of coronary heart disease, two measures of type A behavior--determined by the Bortner scale and the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS)--and one personality questionnaire--the Sandler Hazary Questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Inventory (SHEPI)--were used. Their interrelations and relations with social variables are analyzed. It appears that the Bortner scale and the JAS do not measure the overall syndrome of the coronary-prone behavior pattern (CPBP), but similar and different specific aspects of it. There exists a direct relation of the Bortner score, JAS-AB, JAS'-S, and JAS-J with the study level and the socioprofessional class. Neuroticism or emotional hyperreactivity determined by the SHEPI is highly correlated with these scores. No or small relations of social variables with personality traits are found.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The Belgian Heart Disease Prevention Project: type "A" behavior pattern and the prevalence of coronary heart disease.

A relation between the Type A behavior pattern and the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), independent of other coronary risk factors, was demonstrated in the Belgian Heart Disease Prevention Project. The association was strongest with angina pectoris or with electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities in subjects with known CHD; however, particular aspects of the Type A behavior pattern dealing with time urgency were also related to ECG abnormalities in patients with no angina pectoris and no history of CHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Physical activity and physical fitness levels of Belgian males aged 40-55 years.

Physical activity during leisure time and on the job have been measured with standardized interview techniques in 1,513 normal men, aged 40-55 years, who were regularly employed in different industries. Physical fitness was simultaneously estimated by measuring the work load at which a heart rate of 150 bpm was reached on a standardized exercise test. The median energy expenditure from leisure time activities above the basal metabolic rate was 195 kcal/day; 19% of these activities were classified as heavy, 37% as moderate and 43% as light intensity. The median energy expenditure from job physical activity was 1,676 kcal/day including basal metabolic rate. The median physical fitness level was 125 W. The leisure time activity score was significantly related to physical fitness through the light and the heavy intensity subscores. Independently, job physical activity was also significantly related to physical fitness. However, both activity scores accounted for only 2% of the variance in physical fitness. The data illustrate an overall low energy expenditure profile of middle-aged normal men and a low order relationship between physical activity pattern and physical fitness.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The Belgian Heart Disease Prevention Project (author's transl)].

The Belgian Heart Disease Prevention Project is a controlled multifactorial preventive trial. It is basal on the well-documented epidemiologic notion of major coronary risk-factors: hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, smoking and obesity. This Project has been executed in industries, in males aged 40-59 yrs at the base-line screening. It is part of the WHO European Collaborative Trial including the United-Kingdom, Italy, Poland and Spain. This trial should verify a double work-hypothesis: 1 degree it is possible to modify significantly the coronary risk profile in middle-aged males through a comprehensive intervention program, 2 degrees this modification should, in turn, significantly reduce total mortality as compared to a control group. The authors discuss the pros and cons of a preventive trial in industry and review the numerous problems raised by the difficulties in modifying well-established life-styles as well as those related to the follow-up morbidity and mortality. Final screening took place in 1979-80 and results regarding incidence should be available by 1981.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The Belgian heart disease prevention project. Modification of the coronary risk profile in an industrial population.

The Belgian Heart Disease Prevention Project is a controlled, multifactorial prevention trial involving 19,390 males aged 40-59 years employed by 30 Belgian industries. These industries were paired and randomized into a control or intervention unit. In each intervention factory, the subjects from the two highest deciles of a coronary risk-score distribution curve were given individual advice twice a year. A health education campaign was also organized in each intervention factory. In the control group, 10% of randomly chosen subjects had the same baseline examination as the whole of the intervention group. After 2 years, high-risk subjects and random samples of the control and intervention group were compared regarding the coronary risk profile by means of a multiple logistic function (MLF). In the intervention high-risk group, the MLF showed a decrease of 20%, and in the control group there was an increment of 12.5% (p less than 0.001). Comparing the random samples an increment of 25% was found in the control group vs a drop of 2.26 in the intervention group (p less than 0.001). The coronary risk profile can be altered in a middle-aged male working population through mass media health education supplemented by face-to-face counseling in high-risk subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Regional differences in risk factor distributions, food habits and coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity in Belgium.

Belgium can be divided in 4 major geographical areas: two Dutch speaking areas in the north (Campine and Flanders), a French speaking area in the south (Wallonia) and the Brussels area in between. Significant differences in mean serum cholesterol levels were observed with the lowest level in Campine, intermediate in Flanders and Brussels, and the highest level in Wallonia. Similar differences were observed in the prevalence of CHD and mortality from CHD is also higher in the French speaking part of the country. A survey of food habits since 1959 shows a higher butter and lower soft margarine consumption in the south. However, differences in smoking habits and personality traits also exist.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The first-night effect may last more than one night.

The first-night effect in sleep polysomnographic studies is usually considered to last for one night. However, a few observations have indicated that variables associated to rapid eye movement sleep take longer to stabilize. Notwithstanding, current opinion holds that second nights of recording can be used without restriction for research and clinical purposes. The goal of this study was to describe the dynamics of habituation to polysomnography in optimal conditions. Twenty-six young, carefully screened, healthy subjects were recorded in their home for four consecutive full polysomnographies. Repeated measures ANOVA were applied. Between the two first nights, while there were no differences in sleep duration in non-rapid eye movement sleep, marked modifications in corresponding spectral power were observed. The dynamics of adaptation of rapid eye movement sleep appeared to be a process extending up to the fourth night. Similar dynamics in NREMS and REMS homeostasis have been observed in sleep deprivation studies, and it appears that the same mechanisms may be responsible for the FNE. The longer habituation process of REMS in particular has important implications for sleep research in psychiatry.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) personality profile and sub-typing in alcoholic patients: a controlled study.

Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) personality profile was used to compare alcohol-dependent patients with non-psychiatric control subjects, and a search made for sub-types of alcoholics with different TCI profiles, using the criteria age of onset of alcohol-related problems, paternal dependence on alcohol and familial antecedents of alcohol dependence. Alcohol-dependent patients (n = 38) were characterized by higher Novelty-Seeking [corresponding to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition) group B personality type] and lower Self-Directedness than non-psychiatric control subjects (n = 47). Lower Self-Directedness indicates a higher probability of personality disorder in the alcohol-dependent population. Only age of onset of alcohol-related problems delineated the two sub-populations with different TCI profiles: early-onset alcoholics (< or =25 years of age, n = 19), but not late-onset ones (n = 16), in comparison with control subjects, were associated with higher Novelty-Seeking. Both early and late-onset patients scored lower on Self-Directedness than control subjects. Self-Directedness and Cooperation scores were lower in early-onset than in late-onset patients. These results in part support Cloninger's typology, and the TCI data add to evidence concerning a higher probability of personality disorder in alcohol-dependent patients, particularly those with early-onset.

Adult↗