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Biomedical subjects

M Dixon

Publications and source records attributed to M Dixon.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Posture and the composition of plasma.

For a group of normal medical students, we examined the effect of posture on the concentration of a number of constituents in plasma. On standing, there is a significant increase in plasma total protein, albumin, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and cholesterol--all proteins or substances bound to protein. Although it is possible to make an allowance for postural variations in plasma calcium, no correction is possible for changes in protein concentrations and care is needed whenever the precise values are important, as in the follow-up of patients with the nephrotic syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Varicose veins in tropical Africa.

1259 Tanzanians in a provincial town were examined for varicose veins. 5-5% (6-1% of men and 5-0% of women) of the 1000 people aged eighteen years and over had varicose veins. This prevalence is intermediate between that reported for minimally developed areas (0-1%-0-4%) and the age-adjusted rate reported for Michigan (12-3%). The Tanzanian diet included some refined carbohydrate, and the mean daily stool weight (228 g) indicated a fibre content intermediate between that of traditional African communities (490 g) and western countries (115 g). These findings are consistent with the hypothesis relating varicosities to a fibre-depleted diet. Life-long use of the squatting position for defaecation did not protect against the development of varicose veins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The isolation and partial characterization of the major glycoprotein (LGP-I) from the articular lubricating fraction from bovine synovial fluid.

The articular lubricating fraction from bovine synovial fluid was prepared by repeated fractionation in three consecutive CsCl density gradients to remove completely traces of hyaluronic acid. The major glycoprotein consituent (LGP-I) was then isolated by repeated gel-permeation chromatography. The yield of the LGP-I component was about 20 mg/litre of synovial fluid. Sedimentation-equilibrium measurements showed that this glycoprotein was homogeneous and the mol.wt. was calculated to be 227500. Amino acids represented 43% (w/w) and carbohydrate constituents 44% (w/w) of the molecule. Threonine, glutamic acid, proline and lysine (224, 127, 242 and 128 residues/1000 residues respectively) were the major amino acids. Galactosamine, galactose and N-acetylneuraminic acid (202, 162 and 114 residues/molecule of LGP-I component respectively) accounted for 98% of the total carbohydrate residues present. Small amounts of mannose and glucosamine (1 and 9mol respectively/mol of LGP-I component) were also present. After treatment of LGP-I component with alkali and NaB3H4 radioactivity was incorporated into alpha-aminobutyric acid and alanine in a molar ratio of 4:1, and radioactive galactosaminitol was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography from a cleaved oligosaccharide fraction. These data demonstrate the presence of threonine and serine -O-GalNAc linkages, but only 25% of the theoretical likages involving threonine were cleaved by a beta-elimination reaction. Digestion of LGP-I component with Pronase followed by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose yielded glycopeptide fractions with a similar amino acid and carbohydrate composition to the intact molecule. Treatment of desialylated and intact LGP-I component with galactose oxidase followed by reduction with NaB3H4 revealed the presence of 52mol of terminal galactose in the intact molecule and 153mol of galactose/mol of LGP-I component after treatment with neuraminidase. The data indicate the LGP-I component is composed of a single polypeptide chain containg more than 150 oligaosaccharide side chains composed of O-GaINAc-Gal distributed over the length of the peptide chain and that terminal sialic acid residues are linked to galactose in two-thirds of these side chains.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Radioimmunological identification of tropoelastin.

Antiserum was prepared in sheep against insoluble elastin isolated from embryonic-chick aortae. In an indirect immunoprecipitation test, the antiserum reacted quantitatively with small amounts of radioactively labelled purified tropoelastin prepared from embryonic-chick aortae. The antiserum did not cross-react with chick procollagen, and the antiserum uas used to identify radioactively labelled tropoelastin secreted by chick aorta cells in suspension culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Preliminary clinical experience with a new radioisotope-powered cardiac pacemaker.

A small light-weight nuclear-powered pacer has been developed. The pulse generator weight 61 Gm. and occupies a volume of 33 sq. cm. It is a standard R-wave inhibited (VVI) demand pulse generator. The unit has met all United States and foreign atomic energy commission safety specifications including mechanical shock, industrial fire, accidental crush, cremation, impact, and corrosion. Its calculated life is in excess of 20 years. The unit has been shown to be insensitive to electromagnetic interference (EMI) over a wide range of commonly encountered sources of interference. An extensive dog testing program has been carried out and is continuing. The United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) has issued a license to conduct clinical trials. These began in October, 1974, and a total of 30 units of 30 units have been implanted so far. An equal number of chemical battery-powered pulse generators has been implanted in a control series of 30 patients. Preliminary results have been gratifying.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Reduction of platelet/fibrin deposition in haemodialysers by aspirin administration.

Aspirin, a drug known to inhibit the platelet release reaction, was evaluated for its potential in reducing platelet/fibrin deposition in hollow fibre dialysers. Twelve patients with endstage renal failure were given the drug under controlled conditions while being treated by regular maintenance haemodialysis. After base-line data were collected during a mean number of 11.7 dialysers per study, observations were repeated for a mean of 9.3 dialysers, during which time each patient took 600 mg of aspirin by mouth every morning. Thrombus deposition, measured by volume loss of the blood compartment of the dialyser fibre bundle, was significantly reduced (P less than 0.05) during aspirin administration in six of the 12 studies. The mean volume loss of the fibre bundle in these six studies (responders) was 25% per dialysis during the control period, and 13% with aspirin; in the other six studies (non-responders), the mean values were 8% and 6% respectively. Aspirin prolonged the bleeding time in all patients, and significantly (p less than 0.05) impaired platelet aggregation in both responders and non-responders.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Hospital smoke.

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Hospitals↗