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Biomedical subjects

M Deschamps

Publications and source records attributed to M Deschamps.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Non unionized professional pilots in Québec : from myth to real.].

In this article, the working conditions of 875 non syndicated professional pilots who work on small third class airline companies are analysed. This research was made on behalf of the pilots themselves through the intermediary of the Association of the Air People of Quebec. First, a socio-demographic profile of this masculine man power is outlined, made of young and low income persons. Emphasis is put on the working characteristics that are risk factors for health and security and on sources of stress for the pilots which are: the seasonal peaks, recurrent unemployment, remuneration by the volume of work done, un-sufficient rest, the employer's threats, the deficient state of the airplanes. It is also shown that certain symptoms are present in these workers: a general fatigue, headaches and insomnia. Lastly, their perception of their work and the satisfaction gained from it is presented.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1985

Single-dose pharmacokinetic study of 13-cis-retinoic acid in man.

A pharmacokinetic study of 13-cis-retinoic acid was performed in nine patients following administration of a single oral dose of 80 mg. An average lag time of 1.2 hours was observed, followed by fast absorption, with a mean half-life of 0.5 hour. Peak plasmatic concentration of 733 ng/ml occurred at 2.3 hours. The disposition profile showed a rapid distribution half-life of 1.3 hours and a terminal elimination half-life of 24.7 hours. No 13-cis-retinoic acid was detected unchanged in urine. An important interpatient variability was noted.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of benign breast disease with vitamin A.

Twelve patients with benign breast disease (BBD) were treated with 150,000 IU of vitamin A daily taken orally. All patients were symptomatic and had measurable or evaluable breast masses. At 3 months of treatment, complete or partial responses were observed in five patients, and marked pain reduction in nine was observed. Side effects were generally mild in nature, consisting mostly of skin and mucosal changes, and were rapidly reversible upon discontinuation of the drug. Treatment was interrupted or discontinued in only two patients, and the dosage of vitamin A was reduced in one on account of toxicity. No hepatotoxicity was observed. Investigation of the chemopreventive role of either vitamin A or retinoids in patients with BBD who are at high risk of developing breast cancer is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacokinetics of Lonidamine after oral administration in cancer patients.

The pharmacokinetics of Lonidamine has been studied in cancer patients after single and chronic oral administrations. After single administration the plasma kinetics are highly variable, while the dose eliminated in the urine is over 70% in all subjects. This suggests an active but interindividually variable first-pass effect. After repeated administrations, both the residual plasma concentration before administration (C infinity min) and that obtained after drug intake (C infinity max) have been studied. The C infinity max values range from 4.5 to 25 micrograms/ml and C infinity min values from 0.4 to 7 micrograms/ml. In patients where a therapeutic response was noted, a mean value of 2.98 micrograms/ml for C infinity min was measured. In patients unresponsive to drug therapy the mean C infinity min was 1.5 micrograms/ml.

Absorption↗
PubMed1984

Phase I toxicologic study of Lonidamine in cancer patients.

15 patients with metastatic cancer were treated with Lonidamine, a substituted indazole carboxylic acid active against the Lewis lung and Sarcoma 180 tumors. Single doses of 600 mg (350-400 mg/m2) mostly induced somnolence and gastro-intestinal side effects. Toxicity occurring during chronic administration of Lonidamine at doses ranging between 45 and 275 mg/m2 twice daily, mainly consisted of somnolence, myalgias, hyperesthesia and mild hair loss. Myalgias and hyperesthesias were markedly relieved with prednisone 5 mg twice daily. No laboratory abnormalities were seen. In 1 patient with breast cancer resistant to standard chemotherapeutic agents, a 30% reduction of measurable tumor masses was seen. In view of the lack of overlapping toxicity between Lonidamine and other chemotherapeutic drugs, and of its potential activity, it is suggested that phase II studies of Lonidamine be initiated at a dose of 135 mg/m2 twice daily.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Phase II study of Lonidamine in cancer patients.

12 patients with metastatic cancer were treated with the substituted indazole carboxylic acid Lonidamine at oral daily doses of 270 mg/m2. Toxicity, consisting mainly of myalgias, somnolence, hyperesthesia, anorexia and vomiting, generally decreased or disappeared over time despite continuing drug administration at unmodified dosage. Myalgias and hyperesthesias were markedly relieved with prednisone 5 mg twice daily. No laboratory abnormalities were seen. Partial responses were observed in a patient with hypernephroma and in a patient with breast cancer. Disease-oriented phase II studies with this new anticancer agent are warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Phase I study of 13-cis-retinoic acid toxicity.

A phase I study of 13-cis-retinoic acid was done in 16 patients with head and neck malignancies using a modified Fibonacci search scheme, with individual doses ranging from 20 to 120 mg/m2. Drug doses greater than 60 mg/m2 induced intense headaches, urethritis, desquamative dermatitis, vertigo, and ataxia. The severity of these side effects precludes the use of 13-cis-retinoic acid as a potential chemopreventive agent at doses greater than 60 mg/m2.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Facilitators and barriers to cervical cancer screening among Chinese Canadian women.

BACKGROUND: Chinese Canadian women have higher cervical cancer incidence, and lower Pap testing, rates than the general Canadian population. Predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors associated with ever having a Pap test, and having a recent Pap test within the last 2 years, were assessed in Chinese women in British Columbia using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model. METHOD: Chinese women (n=512) between the ages of 20 and 79 years and residing in Greater Vancouver were interviewed about Pap testing, health care, traditional health beliefs, acculturation and sociodemographic characteristics. Two analyses were done, comparing women who had ever and never had a Pap test, and comparing women who had and had not received a recent Pap test. Focus groups and qualitative interviews ensured cultural sensitivity in the survey questionnaire. RESULTS: Seventy-six percent reported ever having a Pap test and 57% reported having a Pap test within the last 2 years. Traditional health beliefs were not associated with ever or recent Pap testing. However, belief that Pap testing prevented cancer and general knowledge about the Pap test were associated with screening. Concern about pain/discomfort with the test, availability of time, culturally sensitive health care services and recommendation for Pap testing by a physician were also associated with screening. Factors differed for ever, and recently, having a Pap test. INTERPRETATION: Pap testing is less common among Chinese Canadian women. Continuing education about Pap testing is recommended for physicians serving underscreened Chinese women. Culturally and linguistically appropriate educational materials are needed for the Chinese community.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Control of laser treatment of 58 cervical condylomas: cyto-colposcopic correlations at 3, 6 and 12 months].

Cytologic and colposcopic findings 3, 6 and 12 months after laser treatment of cervical condyloma or intraepithelial neoplasia have been studied. Cytologic features of Papillomavirus infection were evidenced in 28 cases by cytology but only in 12 by colposcopy. The cytologic most frequent feature was parakeratosis without clear koilocytosis. One year after laser treatment, cytology and colposcopy showed features of papillomavirus infection in only seven cases. Thus, spontaneous regression of colposcopically detected lesions occurred in five cases. In 16 cases, the parakeratosis detected on the first smear seem to represent healing and tissue maturation more than the persistence of HPV infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cervical cancer screening in Canadian Native women. Adequacy of the Papanicolaou smear.

Cervical cancer mortality remains high in Canadian Native women in British Columbia. Underutilization of the Provincial Cytology Screening Program by Canadian Native women has been documented. Another potential factor is the quality of specimens obtained. Proportions of unsatisfactory smears and smears lacking endocervical cells, which reflect the sampling technique, were compared between Canadian Native and other British Columbian women. The findings suggest that differences in the quality of cytologic smears do not explain the observed discrepancy in cervical cancer mortality between Canadian Native and non-Native populations.

Adolescent↗