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Biomedical subjects

M Delfino

Publications and source records attributed to M Delfino.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Clinical trial comparing a new NSAID with 2 different dosages and diclofenac in patients with arthralgia in acute phase].

In this study 30 athletes suffering from acute post-traumatic arthralgia were divided into 3 groups: 10 were treated with Amtolmetineguacil at the following dosages, 600 mg by os twice daily the first two days followed by 600 mg once daily for 19 days (Group A1); 10 patients treated with Amtolmetineguacil 600 mg twice daily for 21 days (Group A2); 10 patients treated with diclofenac 50 mg twice daily by os for 21 days (Group V). The dosage used in Group A1 was as efficacious as that used in Group A2. Furthermore Amtolmetineguacil was better tolerated than diclofenac.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Infections in heart transplantations].

Infections are one of the most important problems in heart transplants recipients: they are responsible for half total mortality within one year after surgery and one third of mortality during the following period. Underlying medical illness of the host, lack of specific immunity, prior colonization are conditions that may contribute to infections after surgery: immunosuppression to contrast rejection or due to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are other factors favoring infections. Lung infections are most frequent. During the first month after surgery microorganisms responsible are the same found in cardiosurgery patients, staphylococci and gram negative, and occasionally herpes simplex virus (ESV) reactivated infections occur. From the second to the sixth month most of the CMV and Toxoplasma infections occur, with some Pneumocystis and mycotic events. Both are so frequent that in a seronegative host a specific prophylaxis against CMV and Toxoplasma is regularly recommended. The very late period more than six month after surgery is characterized by common infections seen in any population, that may present in altered or more severe fashion due to immune suppression. Another late event is cryptococcal meningitis.

Disease Susceptibility↗
PubMed1994

[Cyclosporin in heart transplantations. The authors' personal experience].

The discovery of cyclosporine A (CsA) was a major development in the evolution of organ transplantation. In renal transplantation use of CsA improved graft survival such that HLA-matching is no longer as important and determinant as before. Liver transplantation prior to the arrival of CsA was almost abandoned by Starzl because of uncontrollable rejection. Hearth transplantation, after initial enthusiasm, was soon restricted to few centers as the difficulties in caring for these patients became apparent. Availability of CsA allowed more than 2500 hearth transplants to be performed annually today. At Stanford initially cardiac transplant survival at one year was 40% and at 5 years was approx 20%. The best results in patients treated with azathioprine-prednisone, just prior to the introduction of cyclosporine, were 65% and 40%. At present survival is 83% at 1 year and 50% at 6-7 years, as in other active centers around the world. CsA is the first drug specifically developed to target immunocompetent T-lymphocytes, and is the gold standard model for other new drugs. Its action is modification of rejection, so that when it occurs it is less acute in onset and less fulminant. The prevalence and mortality of infections have also been reduced. The major drawback of cyclosporine is nephrotoxicity: all patients undergo a progressive decline in creatinine clearance and within one year 90% have hypertension. A second problem is post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease, that takes the form of an aggressive and potentially lethal B-cell lymphoma appearing most commonly within one year from surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cyclosporine↗
PubMed1992

Peptide T in the treatment of severe psoriasis.

We investigated the effect of treatment with peptide T on severe psoriasis in 5 patients. Within 2 months, peptide T led to complete remission of all lesions in 1 patient and to good improvement in 3 others. In 1 patient, no effect was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Increased levels of DHEAS in serum of patients with X-linked ichthyosis.

The metabolic basis of X-linked ichthyosis is a deficiency of steroid sulphatase, a microsomal enzyme which removes sulphate groups from sulphated steroids. We report on a carefully controlled group of 15 patients with recessive X-linked ichthyosis, selected in a narrow age range (22-33 years), in whom, through the use of gas chromatographic analysis and conventional radioimmunoassay, we have measured not only elevated serum cholesterol sulphate levels but also significantly elevated serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels. The latter finding has been controversial in previous reports. We believe that the radioimmunoassay procedure generally used should be held responsible for such controversy since it often gives rise to false positive and/or false negative values. Gas chromatography, although more exacting, appears to be far more reliable for the assessment of elevated serum dehydroepiandrosterone.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1991

Effects of a two-month treatment with low oral doses of cyclosporin on renal function.

To test the effects of short-term therapy with low doses (LD) of cyclosporin A (CsA) in subjects with normal renal function, seven patients receiving CsA to treat psoriasis were studied. Clearances in maximal H2O diuresis were performed to evaluate changes in GFR (CIn), RPF (CPAH) and tubular function before starting CsA (BAS), after 2 days (S1) and 1 month (S2) of oral therapy with 5 mg/kg per day CsA. The study was repeated at the withdrawal of CsA after tapering (S3) and 2 months after the withdrawal (S4). The studies were performed 12 h after the evening dose of CsA. RPF was significantly less than in BAS throughout the therapy and returned almost to basal values in S4. GFR was significantly less than in BAS both in S2 and in S3. In S4, in spite of an increase, GFR was still significantly less than in BAS. Both in S2 and in S3 proximal tubular fractional sodium reabsorption was significantly less than in BAS and, consequently, both sodium delivery to diluting segments and sodium reabsorption in diluting segments increased. Moreover, both in S2 and in S3 fractional sodium reabsorption in diluting segments and free-water generation were greater than in BAS. In S4 tubular function returned almost to basal values. Our data suggest that short-term therapy with low dose CsA impairs renal function; this impairment is not completely reversed after drug withdrawal.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Ocular findings in X-linked ichthyosis: a survey on 38 cases.

The authors report on the occurrence of ocular abnormalities in X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) patients, in their carrier mothers and in healthy volunteers who served as controls. The diagnosis of XLI was based on: (1) demonstration of steroid sulfatase deficiency in cultured skin fibroblasts; (2) lack of hybridization of patient's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) with specific steroid sulfatase complementary DNA probe; (3) electrophoretic mobility of plasma lipoproteins. Cholesterol sulfate plasma levels were also determined. The incidence of corneal opacities was the same in XLI patients and in their carrier mothers (23.7 and 24.3%, respectively). Neither other corneal nor ophthalmological alterations were found. Moreover, in XLI patients the plasma levels of cholesterol sulfate were about twenty times higher than in controls. Our findings demonstrate that ocular changes do not seem to be an absolute criterion for a definite diagnosis of XLI and the fact that the pathogenesis of corneal opacities is not due to an accumulation of cholesterol sulfate, but rather that this compound probably induces physicochemical changes of the corneal tissue properties.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Sweat-gland function in patients with X-linked ichthyosis].

Literature reports that patients affected by X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) have a reduction of sweat glands and a decrease of sweat production. The sweat physiology of 28 patients, 14 with XLI, 7 with lamellar ichthyosis, 7 with dominant ichthyosis and 28 control subjects were examined with sweat test, performed by pilocarpine iontophoresis. In the same patients we have performed skin biopsy to evaluate quantitative and qualitative reduction of sweat glands.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Ocular findings and skin histology in a group of patients with X-linked ichthyosis.

We carried out ophthalmological examinations, and histopathological examinations of skin biopsies in 32 male patients affected by X-linked ichthyosis. We found corneal opacities in only five patients, and their presence was not related to the age of the patients. Skin histology revealed a reduction of the granular layer in nine cases, a finding previously thought to be typical of autosomal dominant ichthyosis vulgaris.

Adolescent↗