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Biomedical subjects

M David

Publications and source records attributed to M David.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

The role of umbilical cord alpha fetoprotein as a screening tool for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Our aim was to test whether alpha fetoprotein (AFP) might serve as a marker of hepatic immaturity sufficient to predict an increased risk for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) in term babies. We checked umbilical cord AFP (UC AFP) levels in 174 healthy full-term infants (male/female ratio 1.26:1) at birth. Bilirubin levels were measured upon discharge from the nursery on day 3 of life (mean, 57 +/- 10 hours of life). Mean UC AFP was 60.2 +/- 45.9 mg/L. UC AFP levels were linearly correlated with subsequent bilirubin levels, and significantly higher bilirubin levels were found in neonates whose UC AFP levels were 100 mg/L or more. Although statistically significant correlation between UC AFP and subsequent NHB exists, UC AFP cannot currently be recommended for use in clinical practice because of its inability to serve as a screening tool for significant NHB in the individual newborn.

Female↗
PubMed2004

[Extraclinical obstetrics in the GDR? Medicohistorical notes].

In 1946 the share of clinic deliveries in the Soviet occupation zone amounted to 27 %, 1970 the given share of clinic deliveries in the GDR come to 99 %. From the beginning of the seventies home deliveries were not listed any more in the official statistics. After that neither the home obstetrics nor the family orientated clinical obstetrics took a larger space in the scientific discussions in the specialist public of the GDR. The following will show the development of the extraclinical obstetrics on the territory of the GDR as well as describe and discuss its medical and social context from the end of the forties until 1989. Usually in the (critical) reflections of the revival of home resp. extraclinical obstetrics in the eighties and nineties only the development in the "old" Federal Republic is taken into consideration. A description of the medicohistorical development in the former GDR in order to complete the all-German way of looking at this phenomenon was still due until now.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed2004

Accumulation of fenvalerate and related changes in lactate and succinate dehydrogenases activity in functionally different tissues of the freshwater fish, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton).

Acute toxicity (LC50) of fenvalerate at 96 h to the freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala was 6 microg/L. The accumulation of fenvalerate at different exposure periods (1, 2, 3, 4 d) on different tissues, namely gill, muscle, and liver, was first confirmed by thin layer chromatography and quantified with gas liquid chromatography. Gill accounted for the maximum accumulation of fenvalerate followed by muscle and liver. Enzyme assay indicated an increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase, whereas the activity of succinate dehydrogenase decreased continuously up to 96 h in all selected tissues. The alteration in the activity of these enzymes in the fish treated with fenvalerate might be due to the severe cellular damage leading to the release of these enzymes and impaired carbohydrate and protein metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Ketogenic regime as anti-epileptic treatment: its use in 29 epileptic children].

INTRODUCTION: The ketogenic diet is a treatment option for patient with intractable or refractory epilepsy. It is a high-fat, low protein, low carbohydrate diet developed in 1920s. Recent research publications and media interest have renewed debate on the merits of ketogenic diet. POPULATION: We report our experience with 29 children suffering from refractory epilepsy, treated with the ketogenic diet. No surgical option was available. Modalities are explained. RESULTS: The ketogenic diet improved seizure control in 12/29 cases. It appeared effective in infants with infantile spasms. Refractory-status epilepticus responded to the ketogenic diet (3/6 cases). Migrating partial seizures in infancy were always refractory to the diet. Compliance with the diet was good. Adverse effects must be compared with the toxicity of antiepileptic drugs. One child had hypokaliemia with cardiac complication. CONCLUSION: The ketogenic diet should be continued during one or 2 years when it is effective. It should be considered as an alternative therapy for children with refractory epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Use of in vitro release of interferon-gamma in the diagnosis of contact allergy to potassium dichromate - a controlled study.

The use of in vitro release of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the diagnosis of contact allergy to potassium dichromate was studied in 20 patients who had positive patch tests to chromate and in 30 control subjects (10 patients with contact dermatitis, allergic to other allergens, 10 patients with other dermatologic diseases and 10 healthy subjects). The release of IFN-gamma in the supernatants of the peripheral blood lymphocytes was significantly higher in the patients with proven allergy to chromate (P = 0.001). Further studies are needed to determine if IFN-gamma release may serve as an additional diagnostic tool in contact dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Patch testing with fine fragrances: comparison with fragrance mix, balsam of Peru and a fragrance series.

High frequencies of contact allergy to fragrance ingredients have been reported in recent years. Only approximately 70-80% are detected by fragrance allergens in the standard patch test series. This investigation compares the patch test reactions to fine fragrances with reactions to fragrance mix (FM), balsam of Peru (BP) (Myroxylon pereirae resin) and a fragrance series. 641 consecutive patients with eczema were patch tested with the European standard series and with selected fine fragrances. Those who were positive to 1 of the fine fragrances or the FM or BP were also tested with the fragrance series. 95 (14.8%) patients were found to have a positive patch test reaction to FM or BP; 41 (6.4%) had positive results to fragrance no. 1 and 29 (4.5%) to no. 2. 9 (9.5% of the 95 positive patients) had a positive reaction to fine fragrances and a negative reaction to all other fragrance allergens in the standard series. These findings indicate that testing with fine fragrances can add to our evaluation of fragrance-sensitive patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Primary anetoderma: a cutaneous sign of antiphospholipid antibodies.

Although a few reports in recent years have suggested that patients with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are prone to developing primary anetoderma (PA), it is still unclear how often aPL are detected in unselected PA patients. We studied nine consecutive PA patients for the presence of autoimmune antibodies and disorders in general and the presence of aPL in particular. Six of the nine patients had clinical evidence of associated autoimmune disorders (Graves'disease and autoimmune haemolysis in one, systemic scleroderma in one, Hashimoto's thyroiditis in one, alopecia areata in one) and/or signs of hypercoagulability (recurrent fetal loss in two, recurrent stokes in one, recurrent deep vein thrombosis in one). In four ofthese six patients the onset of PA preceded these signs. Positive aPL was found in all: anticardiolipin (aCL) in six, anti-beta2-glycoprotein-I (a(beta)2GPI) in six and lupus anticoagulant (LAC) in four. The most frequent isotype was IgA. Among other autoantibodies found the most frequently was antinuclear antibodies. Four ofthe nine patients fulfilled the criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). It is concluded that PA is an important cutaneous sign for autoimmune disorders in general and the presence of aPL in particular. Hence, the work-up of these patients should include testing for LAC as well as for all different isotypes ofaCL and a(beta)2GPI. We recommend that PA be added to the list of the cutaneous manifestations of APS.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

["Spontaneous" rupture of the left iliac vein complicating Cockett's syndrome].

The case history reported concerns a female patient aged 42 years for whom the clinical picture was that of a blue phlebitis (phlegmatia caerulea dolens), associated with a state of shock evoking a severe pulmonary embolus. The absence of echocardiographic dilatation of the right cavities, and the appearance of a left iliac fossa mass, steered the diagnosis towards internal haemorrhage. Emergency laparotomy allowed diagnosis and treatment of a so-called spontaneous rupture of the left iliac vein, a rare condition for which 20 cases have been reported in the literature. Re-operation performed 24 hours afterwards for the absence of venous return allowed the discovery of Cockett's syndrome with ascending thrombosis, requiring cross-venous bypass associated with the creation of an arterio-venous fistula in order to maintain permeability. One year afterwards the appearance of signs of cardiac insufficiency led to the closure of this fistula.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Nickel induced changes on some aspects of protein metabolism in the tissues of Pila globosa.

Some aspects of protein metabolism were studied in foot, hepatopancreas and mantle tissues of snail, Pila globosa on exposure to lethal concentration for 2 days (336.7 mg/L) and sublethal concentration (67.34 mg/L) of nickel for 1, 5 and 10 days. Total, structural and soluble proteins decreased significantly and to continence, this the levels of amino acids and protease activity increased in all the tissues of snail at all time points examined. Activities of AAT (Aspartate aminotransferase) and AlAT (Alanine aminotransferase) showed contrasting trends of inhibition and elevation during lethal and sublethal concentrations of nickel treatment. GDH (Glutamate dehydrogenase) activity was increased in all the tissues with increase in exposure time. Level of ammonia decreased in snails at sublethal concentration, but increment was observed in lethal concentration along with increased urea content. Under lethal and sublethal exposures, the changes in all the parameters were more pronounced in hepatopancreas followed by foot and mantle. At most instances, snails in the lethal medium were affected more compared to sublethal concentration.

Animals↗