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Biomedical subjects

M David

Publications and source records attributed to M David.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Reproducibility of a histopathologic grading system for adult soft tissue sarcoma.

Tumor grade has been proposed as an essential factor in the staging of patients with soft tissue sarcomas. In a previous study, a histopathologic grading system using the evaluation of tumor differentiation, mitosis count, and tumor necrosis was described. The current study was conducted to test its reproducibility. The pathologic sections of 25 soft tissue sarcomas were submitted to a study group composed of 15 pathologists who had not been involved in the development of the grading system. The results were compared with those of a panel group. The crude proportion in agreement observed between the study group and the panel group was 81% for the evaluation of tumor necrosis, 74% for tumor differentiation, and 73% for the mitosis count. The crude proportion in agreement for the tumor grade was 75%, which was significantly better than the crude agreement rate of 61% for the diagnosis of histologic type (P = 0.001). A kappa statistical analysis, to check the possibility of chance-related concordance, showed a proportion in agreement of 68%. A two-way variance analysis showed that the homogeneity of the evaluation of tumor grade is impaired by tumor-related and observer-related factors. However, an improvement may be obtained by better training of pathologists. We conclude that the tumor grading system developed inside the French Federation of Cancer Centers, although perfectible, already provides reliable prognostic information and its use in prospective clinical studies may provide more information about its clinical usefulness.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1986

The von Willebrand factor in myocardial infarction and unstable angina: a kinetic study.

Recent studies have demonstrated elevations of von Willebrand Factor following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In order to determine if this parameter may serve as a marker for AMI, we tested the blood levels of vWF and Factor VIII:C in 28 patients with AMI, 9 patients with unstable angina, 7 patients with atypical chest pain, and 25 healthy volunteers. The level of ristocetin cofactor activity of vWF was between 70 and 144% in the control group. In patients with AMI, the mean level of this activity was 175% on the first day following infarction, rose to a peak of 270% on the fifth and sixth days, and was still significantly greater than normal in all patients on the 14th day. The vWF:Ag level closely paralleled the rise of ristocetin cofactor activity of vWF, with a peak of 336% on day 5. FVIII:C was not significantly changed. No significant elevation of vWF was observed in patients with unstable angina. The ristocetin cofactor activity of vWF and vWF:Ag thus are sensitive biochemical indicators for recent AMI, and may serve as useful markers for up to 14 days following infarction, when the traditional enzymes have returned to normal levels.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1986

Phage and host genetic determinants of the specific anticodon loop cleavages in bacteriophage T4-infected Escherichia coli CTr5X.

Anticodon loop cleavages of two host tRNA species occur in bacteriophage T4-infected Escherichia coli CTr5X, a host strain restricting phage mutants deficient in polynucleotide kinase (pnk) or RNA ligase (rli). The cleavage products accumulate with the mutants but are further processed in wt infection through polynucleotide kinase and RNA ligase reactions. Inactivating mutations in stp suppress pnk- or rli- mutations in E. coli CTr5X and, as shown here, also abolish the anticodon nuclease, implicating the stp product with this activity. We show also that there exist other suppressing mutations of a pnk- (pseT2) mutation that appear not to affect the anticodon nuclease and are not in stp. It has been shown that a single locus in E. coli CTr5X, termed prr, determines the restriction of pnk- or rli- mutants. A transductant carrying prr featured upon infection the anticodon nuclease reaction products, suggesting that prr determines the specific manifestation of this activity. However, prr does not encode the tRNA species that are vulnerable to the anticodon nuclease.

Anticodon↗
PubMed1986

Nuclear genes for cytochrome c oxidase subunits of Neurospora crassa. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for subunits IV, V, VI, and possibly VII.

We obtained cDNA clones for cytochrome oxidase subunits IV, V, VI, and possibly VII by constructing a lambda gt11 library of Neurospora crassa cDNA and probing it with antiserum directed against Neurospora cytochrome oxidase holoenzyme. Positive clones were further characterized with antisera directed against individual cytochrome oxidase subunits and subsequently by DNA sequencing. The clones for subunits IV and V encode proteins with regions matching the known N-terminal amino acid sequences of purified Neurospora cytochrome oxidase subunits IV and V, respectively. The sequences of these clones provide the first evidence that cytochrome oxidase subunits IV and V are made as precursors with N-terminal extensions in Neurospora. The N-terminal extensions encoded by these clones share homology, and are rich in arginine, as are signal sequences of other mitochondrially destined proteins. The subunit VI clone codes for the carboxyl terminus of a protein homologous to the carboxy termini of yeast cytochrome oxidase subunit VI and bovine cytochrome oxidase subunit Va. The subunit VII clone contains an open reading frame for a 47-residue protein, the expected size for subunit VII. However, the protein coded by this clone has an unusual amino acid composition. Whether this clone represents an authentic cytochrome oxidase subunit is not established.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

The increasing role of Microsporum canis in the variety of dermatophytic manifestations reported from Israel.

During a period of 8 years 300 cases of dermatophytoses involving both hairy areas and the glabrous skin were found to be caused by M. canis. There was scalp involvement in 60%, including 8 infants and 27 adults; most of the adults presented Kerion-like lesions and presented various clinical aspects such as seborrhea capitis, folliculitis and discoid lupus erythematosus. In the 21 patients showing invasion of the beard the clinical manifestations included superficial erythemato-squamous patches with hyperemic slightly elevated margins, folliculitis or abscess-like lesions and Kerion-like lesions. Among the lesions found on the glabrous skin there were unusual aspects of tinea faciei in 19 adults, mimicking lymphocytic infiltration, granuloma faciale or discoid lupus erythematosus. Some of the cases of tinea corporis found in 70 patients also had lesions simulating various other dermatological entities, including erythema multiforme, psoriasiform eruption, pityriasis rosea and seborrheic dermatitis. The hands were invaded in 5 adults patients, with involvement of the finger nails in one. Repeated mycologic examinations were necessary to establish the true etiology in many of these cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Improved control of cisplatin-induced emesis with a combination of high doses of methylprednisolone and metoclopramide: a single-blind randomized trial.

Forty-seven patients undergoing their first course of chemotherapy containing cisplatin in combination with other drugs were randomized to compare the antiemetic efficacy of high dose metoclopramide vs. high dose methylprednisolone added to metoclopramide. The number of patients who experienced no emetic episodes was significantly higher with the combination regimen (P less than 0.01). In addition, both the mean number of emetic episodes (P = 0.01) and the duration of nauseas (P = 0.025) were decreased with the combination regimen. Both antiemetic regimens were well tolerated. Sex affected the response, with women having more nausea and vomiting than did men (P less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Visualization of the scapholunate space. Description of a simple radiologic image].

Scapho-lunate diastasis is a radiologic criterium of carpal instability. This paper stresses on the importance of producing an X-ray beam that will be parallel to the scapho-lunate joint and describes a simple radiologic positioning that will be a useful complement to the standard views. This view could be associated with the usual static as well as dynamic radiographs.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Usefulness of plasma pregnenolone sulfate in testing pituitary-adrenal function in children.

In normal subjects, plasma pregnenolone sulfate (PS) levels high at birth, decreased during the first year of life in relation to the pattern of involution of the fetal adrenal zone. Thereafter, PS levels, in contrast with those of DHAS, did not show the abrupt rise characteristic of the adrenarche, but increased very progressively till adulthood. The response of PS to various provocative tests of adrenal and pituitary function (ACTH and Metyrapone stimulation, dexamethasone suppression), has been established in normal subjects. The measurement of plasma PS levels in basal conditions as well as in response to dynamic tests was very useful in the diagnosis of various adrenal and pituitary diseases in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Palmoplantar eruption associated with etretinate therapy.

Five psoriatic patients developed papular lesions of palms and soles, shortly after beginning treatment with etretinate. Histological examination in two cases was insignificant. The lesions disappeared without tapering the dose of etretinate. The fact that lesions appeared and subsided within a short period may explain why this unusual adverse reaction of etretinate therapy has not been reported previously.

Adult↗