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M Dastych

Publications and source records attributed to M Dastych.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Protective effect of essential phospholipids on liver injury due to total parenteral nutrition].

OBJECTIVE: It is known that total parenteral nutrition (TPN) causes liver damage by various mechanisms and leads to an increase of transaminases and obstructional enzymes. From this aspect TPN can be considered an external factor which causes liver damage. In our investigation we wanted to find out whether parenteral administration of essential phospholipids (EPL) can have a protective effect on this damage. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our investigation comprised 20 patients where TPN was indicated, usually on account of severe acute exacerbation of a non-specific inflammation of the gut. The patients were divided into two groups. Ten patients were treated by intravenous administration of essential phospholipids (Essentiale, Aventis), 50 mg every 6 hours for a period of two weeks. The control group comprised ten patients without hepatoprotection. The bilirubin, ALT, AST, GMT, ALP values were assessed before the initiation of the study, on the seventh and fourteenth day. The results were statistically processed by the paired and non-paired t-test. RESULTS: The baseline results of the mentioned tests did not differ significantly between groups. Bilirubin and AST did not change significantly during the investigation. In the control group we found, as compared with baseline values, a significantly increase of ALT on the seventh and fourteenth day, a significantly increase of GMT on the seventh and fourteenth day and a slight non-significant rise of ALP on the fourteenth day. In the ELP treated group, as compared with baseline values, a significant rise of ALT occurred on the fourteenth day. We did not observe a significant rise of GMT and ALP. Between the ELP treated and control group a significant increase of GMT and ALP occurred in the control group, the other values did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: Parenteral EPL administration can have a favourable effect on liver damage caused by TPN, associated with cholestasis and biliary sludge. This conclusion can be hypothetically explained by improved bile fluidity and protection of the bile pole of the hepatocyte by essential phospholipids. Therefore their administration during TPN can be recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Levels of selenium and glutathione peroxidase in dialyzed patients].

The authors examined in 37 patients dialyzed in a dialysis centre in Brno-Bohunice, a region with selenium deficiency in the population the serum selenium and glutathione peroxidase level before and after 4-hour standard haemodialysis across a polysulphone membrane. In 78% patients selenium deficiency was found. The mean value in the whole group was 33.4 micrograms Se/l. The reference range for the Brno population is 41.3-80.7 micrograms/l. After dialysis a rise of the serum selenium level by 15.4 micrograms/l occurred due to haemoconcentration during ultrafiltration and also due to redistribution of fluids and selenium during dialysis. In anuric patients selenium does not cumulate in serum, although it is excreted in healthy subjects mainly in the urine. Due to the closer bond with selenoproteins it is not significantly separated by dialysis. Glutathione peroxidase assessed in whole blood was in 76% patients before dialysis within the reference range and did not change significantly as a result of dialysis. Selenium deficiency participates significantly in the inadequate activity of antioxidant systems in the organism and in dialyzed patients it potentiates the development of chronic complications.

Female↗
PubMed1999

[Serum levels of zinc, copper and selenium in patients with Wilson's disease treated with zinc].

Zinc administered on a long-term basis in excess to patients with Wilson a disease blocks in a significant way copper absorption from the gut, prevents its accumulation and toxic action in the organism. The authors investigated the effect of its long-term administration on the plasma concentration of copper, zinc, and selenium, on the superoxide dismutase activity in red blood cells and glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood. In seven patients with Wilson a disease treated with zinc sulphate, 136 mg of elemental zinc for 1.5 years (18 months), the authors assessed the plasma concentration of zinc, copper, selenium and ceruloplasmin, the activity of superoxide dismutase in red blood cells, the activity of glutathione peroxidase in whole blood and the urinary excretion of zinc and copper in 24 hours. Envisaged findings with regard to the diagnosis of the investigated patients and their treatment: elevated plasma zinc concentration and increased urinary excretion, reduced copper and ceruloplasmin plasma concentration and increased urinary copper excretion. The authors recorded also a significantly elevated selenium plasma concentration and a significantly higher concentration of superoxide dismutase in red blood cells (p < 0.05). The increase of the glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood in the investigated patients was not significant (p < 0.05). Changes in the values of the investigated parameters in patients with Wilson s disease treated on a long-term basis with zinc indicate the possible mutual interaction of zinc with other trace elements with an impact on the activity of the corresponding metalloenzymes, i.e. in the sphere in antioxidant systems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Serum selenium levels in the population of four regions in southern Moravia].

The paper deals with the problem of selenium in the food chain of man. The authors investigated the serum selenium concentration of healthy blood donors in four South Moravian regions. Consistent with other authors they found a marked deficiency of this element. While optimal values in analyzed samples were found in 11% in the Trebíc area, 5% in the Vyskov and Brno area, in the Znojmo area no specimens belonging in that group were found. Based on the assembled results the authors consider 22% of the South Moravian population selenium deficient. With regard to this finding it would be useful to modify the therapeutic pattern in some serious conditions. The question remains what to do for the general population. There are several possibilities: adding selenium to fertilizer leading to higher contents in food, administration of selenium preparations, mixing agricultural products containing high and low selenium concentration and finally complete knowledge of selenium metabolism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Copper--biochemistry, metabolism and physiologic function].

The submitted paper presents contemporary knowledge of the biochemistry, metabolism and biological function of copper, an essential trace element. The causes of copper deficiency, its clinical and laboratory manifestations and its diagnosis. Pathophysiology, clinical and laboratory manifestations and diagnosis of Wilson's disease.

Copper↗
PubMed1997

[Zinc--biochemistry, metabolism and physiologic functions].

The author presents data on contemporary knowledge regarding the biochemistry, metabolism and biological function of zinc as an essential trace element. The causes of zinc deficiency, its clinical and laboratory manifestations and possibilities of its diagnosis are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[The effect of chemotherapy on energy and nitrogen balance in patients with hematologic neoplasms].

Energy balance and nitrogen balance were evaluated within the opening week of standard induction chemotherapy in 26 haematooncological patients. The patients were uncomplicated in good nutritional status and nutritional requirements were covered by oral diet under the daily assistance of specially trained dietary nurse. Resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry under standard circumstances was elevated to 113.1% of predicted value by Harris-Benedict equation. We found a significant decrease in REE to 106.1% of predicted value (p < 0.01) on day 7 after the beginning of induction chemotherapy. Total energy requirements calculated on the basis of measured REE were not elevated during chemotherapy and mean energy balance was balanced. On the other hand mean nitrogen balance was markedly negative during chemotherapy even on the second day of treatment (-6.9 gN/day, cumulative nitrogen balance -28.0 gN/5 days). The negativity correlated will with markedly elevated urinary nitrogen output but worse with nitrogen intake in the diet. Significant correlation was found between the negativity of cumulative nitrogen balance for the whole period of follow up and the magnitude of decrease in REE after chemotherapy (r = 0.74, p < 0.01). This dependence may give evidence of the decay of tumor mass as the main factor of changes shown. Findings described here may support the assumption that energy requirements of haematooncological patients in good nutrition status during chemotherapy may be covered by oral diet even though this usually does not prevent the negativity of nitrogen balance.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1997

[Occurrence of copper metabolism abnormalities in the families of four individuals with newly diagnosed Wilson's disease].

The author describes the incidence of abnormalities of copper metabolism in families of four patients with recently diagnosed Wilson's disease. The patients were three men ad one girl, age 17-22 years where Wilson's disease was diagnosed on the basis of liver symptomatology and a typical laboratory finding. The period which elapsed between detection of the first clinical and laboratory symptoms and the establishment of the diagnosis of Wilson's disease varied between 1 months to eight years. Clinical and laboratory examination of all relatives of the affected subjects (parents and siblings) revealed an increased incidence of biochemical abnormalities as regards copper and ceruloplazmin levels in siblings. In the parents of the affected patients there were no marked biochemical abnormalities in the laboratory results in the examined families. Among seven siblings of the affected subjects in three Wilson's disease was diagnosed and in one instance a reduced serum copper and ceruloplazmin level without signs of increased copper retention in the organism. In one family Wilson's disease was detected in three siblings. The assembled findings confirm the urgency of systematic and careful laboratory and clinical examination of siblings of subject with diagnosed Wilson's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[New parameters of oxygen metabolism in clinical practice].

The authors discuss parameters characterizing the oxygen metabolism and their clinical impact: Partial oxygen pressure in arterial and mixed venous blood, lactate and new parameters derived from direct assessment of haemoglobin saturation with oxygen in arterial blood. Oxygen extraction tension (px): partial oxygen pressure in mixed venous blood at which 2.3 mmol oxygen are released from one litre of blood. Extractable oxygen (cx): the amount of oxygen released from on litre of blood when the partial oxygen pressure drops to 5.0 kPa. Oxygen compensation factor (Qx): it is the factor that cardiac output should increase to maintain a normal mixed venous p O2 of 5.0 kPa. Effective haemoglobin: haemoglobin participating in oxygen transmission which determines the oxygen capacity of blood for oxygen. Half the haemoglobin saturation (p50): characterizing the haemoglobin affinity for oxygen and corresponding to the shape and position of the haemoglobin saturation curve. Pulmonary shunts. Advantages, pitfalls and limitations of the mentioned parameters are given.

Hemoglobins↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of controlled hypotension on kidney function in spinal surgery].

The authors investigated the influence of controlled hypotension on renal function in patients operated on account of idiopathic scoliosis of the spine. The deformity was corrected by posterior fusion with Harrington instrumentation under general anaesthesia during controlled hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside (n = 20). The control group was formed by 20 patients with the same deformity and the same surgical procedure without hypotension. The renal function was assessed before operation, during operation and continuously for 102 hours after operation. In the group of patients with controlled hypotension (median arterial pressure 8.0 kPa) during operation a significant decline of the creatinine clearance occurred (0.7 ml/s), as compared with the control group (1.3 ml/s), as well as compared with the value before operation (1.7 ml/s). After terminated hypotension the mean value of creatinine clearance rose to 2.0-2.2 ml/s for a period of 42 hours. In the control group the creatinine clearance persisted at a slightly reduced level, recorded during operation, for another 30 hours. Sodium retention as a manifestation of hyperaldosteronism was less marked in patients with controlled hypotension. During the investigation period no biochemical signs of retention of nitrogenous substances were recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Zinc status in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

The zinc content in m. sacrospinalis, hair, leukocytes of peripheral blood, and in serum was examined in 50 patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated by Harrington instrumentation. A control group included 20 patients treated for spinal column injury. A significant decrease of zinc content in back muscles was observed in patients with scoliosis. The value of zinc in hair, leukocytes, and serum did not differ compared with the control group. Similarly, the potassium and magnesium content in muscle was the same in both groups. These results do not suggest that there is a primary zinc deficiency in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. The authors consider the decreased zinc content in back muscle of patients with idiopathic scoliosis to be a secondary disturbance associated with primary deformation of the spinal column.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Copper in the feces--a marker for the effectiveness of zinc in the treatment of Wilson's disease].

In the present study we discuss the question of a useful, convenient control of the effectiveness of treatment Wilson's disease with zinc. It appears useful to determine the copper content in the dry matter of individual samples of the stools obtained before and in the course of the treatment. This treatment can be assumed effective if the stools copper content reaches the level found in healthy subjects (0.72 micromol/g dry weight) while keeping the patient on a low copper diet. Copper resorption in the gut of our patient was reduced only after 12 weeks of daily administering 136 mg of elementary zinc p.o.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of controlled hypotension during spinal surgery on kidney function].

The effect of controlled hypotension on renal function in patients operated on for idiopathic scoliosis of the spine was examined (n = 20). The deformity was corrected under general anesthesia by posterior fusion using Harrington's instrumentation during controlled hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside. The control group included 20 patients suffering the same deformity and operated on in the same way but without hypotension. Renal function tests were performed before and during the operation and continuously for 102 h after surgery. In the group with controlled hypotension (medium arterial pressure 8.0 kPa) there was a significant decrease in creatinine clearance during the operation (0.70 ml/s) compared with that in the control group (1.30 ml/s) and with the value before surgery (1.70 ml/s). At the end of hypotension, the average clearance value of creatinine increased up to 2.0-2.2 ml/s within 42 h. In the group of control patients (medium arterial pressure 11.5 kPa) the creatinine clearance persisted at a mildly decreased level (1.3 ml/s) during surgery and for a further 30 h after. The sodium retention characteristic of hyperaldosteronism was less marked in the patients with controlled hypotension. We did not observe any biochemical findings indicating retention of nitro substances. Controlled hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside at surgical treatment of the vertebral column does not cause any impairment of the renal function either during surgery or as a late sequela.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Zinc metabolism in the mother during pregnancy and the birth weight of the infant].

The authors found only an insignificant reduction of the zinc content of leucocytes of pregnant women who were delivered of infants with low birth weights (2500 g). In the remaining women the Zn content of leucocytes did not differ from those in the control group. The plasma Zn concentration was in the IIIrd trimester significantly lower, as compared with the control group and as compared with values assessed during the IInd trimester of pregnancy. The assembled results suggest that in our population in the course of pregnancy Zn deficiency which could retard intrauterine development and cause a reduced birth weight, does not develop.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Wilson's disease--a factor in the differential diagnosis in hepatopathies].

The authors give an account on the incidence of Wilson's disease in two sisters (17 and 8 years). In the older one the diagnosis was established after 8, years in the younger one three years after the first laboratory sings of hepatopathy. As to the range of available laboratory methods in the diagnosis of Wilson's disease, in particular serum ceruloplasmin, serum copper and copper in urine are assessed as well as increased accumulation of copper in hepatic tissue. With regard to the serious character of Wilson's disease and the possibility of effective treatment it is important to rule it out in all cases of obscure hepatopathies, in particular in children and adolescents. It is important to take into account also atypical clinical and laboratory manifestations of Wilson's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in pulmonary shunting and blood lactate during general anesthesia with controlled hypotension in patients with idiopathic scoliosis].

In their work the authors observed the influence of controlled hypotension by means of sodium nitroprusside on the acidobasic balance, the oxygenation parameters, pulmonary shunt and lactatemia in patients with idiopathic scoliosis in the course of dorsal fusion by Harrington instrumentation. In comparison with the control group of patients there had not occurred significant - from the viewpoint of statistics - changes in ph, paCO2 and pvO2. However, the pulmonary shunt (Qva/Qt) doubled (p less than 0.002) which resulted in a significant decrease of paO2 (p less than 0.02) but in no case there occurred hypoxemia. The values of the lactate both in the venous and arterial blood were increased (p less than 0.001, or p less than 0.02) in contrast to the control group of patients, but they did not mean the increased production of lactate during intracellular hypoxia. As a result the regulated hypotension by means of sodium nitroprusside can be applied also in patients with altered pulmonary functions.

Adolescent↗