Non-invasive detection of hypoglycaemia using a novel, fully biocompatible and patient friendly alarm system.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
M Daly
Publications and source records attributed to M Daly.
Treating hypoglycemia.
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Diabetes Mellitus↗
Integronlike structures in Campylobacter spp. of human and animal origin.
Resistance to antimicrobial agents used to treat severe Campylobacter spp. gastroenteritis is increasing worldwide. We assessed the antimicrobial resistance patterns of Campylobacter spp. isolates of human and animal origin. More than half (n = 32) were resistant to sulphonamide, a feature known to be associated with the presence of integrons. Analysis of these integrons will further our understanding of Campylobacter spp. epidemiology.
Animals↗
Great expectations.
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History, 20th Century↗
Special interest.
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Community Health Nursing↗
Stagnating profession.
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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
People not statistics.
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Community Health Nursing↗
Does postoperative irradiation play a role in the adjuvant therapy of stage T4 colon cancer?
PURPOSE: This study analyzes the long-term outcome of patients with stage T4 colon cancer who receive postoperative irradiation. The purpose of the study is to define the potential role of this modality with current systemic therapies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of 152 patients undergoing resection of T4 colon cancer followed by moderate- to high-dose postoperative tumor bed irradiation with and without 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Of the 152 patients, 110 patients (T4N0 or T4N+) were treated adjuvantly, whereas 42 patients received irradiation for the control of gross or microscopic residual local tumor. RESULTS: For 79 adjuvantly treated patients with stage T4N0 or T4N+ cancer with one lymph node metastasis, the 10-year actuarial rates of local control and recurrence-free survival were 88% and 58%, respectively. Results were less satisfactory for patients with more extensive nodal involvement. The 10-year actuarial rates of local control and recurrence-free survival of 39 patients with T4 tumors complicated by perforation or fistulas were 81% and 53%, respectively. For 42 patients with incompletely resected tumors, the 10-year actuarial recurrence-free survival was 19%. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with historical controls, postoperative tumor bed irradiation improves local control for some subsets of patients. In addition to standard 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy, adjuvant tumor bed irradiation should be considered when colon cancers invade adjoining structures, when they are complicated by perforation or fistulas, or when they are incompletely excised at the primary site.
Adult↗
Wound care in a rural clinic.
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Community Health Nursing↗
Feasibility of a telephone survey to recruit health maintenance organization members into a tamoxifen chemoprevention trial.
A large-scale, nationwide tamoxifen chemoprevention trial is currently being planned as a primary preventive strategy against breast cancer. The recruitment of health asymptomatic women into a long-term clinical trial will pose unique recruitment problems. This study examines the feasibility of telephone recruitment from a health maintenance organization population into such a trial. A random sample of 203 women aged 50 and older with a personal family history of breast cancer were contacted by telephone. A structured interview was administered to assess self-perceived risk of breast cancer, willingness to participate in a trial, and anticipated barriers to participation. Of the 203 names generated from the health maintenance organization membership roster 128 (63%) met eligibility criteria and participated in the interview. Forty-five % of the eligible women expressed interest in the tamoxifen trial. Women who felt that their family would support their participation expressed significantly more interest, while concern about possible side effects emerged as potential barriers. We conclude that contact by telephone among health maintenance organization members can identify a significant proportion of women who are interested in primary chemoprevention for breast cancer. Participation rates may be improved by bolstering family support and by addressing concerns about drug toxicity.
Aged↗
Utilization of ovarian cancer screening by women at increased risk.
Our objective was to identify demographic, medical, and psychological correlates of ovarian cancer screening utilization in a sample of women at increased risk. We designed a cross-sectional study that evaluated demographic factors, risk factors, psychological factors, and utilization of ovarian cancer screening in first-degree relatives of ovarian cancer patients. In multivariable analysis, use of CA-125 was associated with number of affected relatives [odds ratio (OR), 2.9; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.3-6.5] and ovarian cancer worries (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.1-8.1). For ultrasound (transvaginal or abdominal), the model included employment status (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1-6.8) and ovarian cancer worries (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.2-9.1). Significant interaction terms in the ultrasound models indicated that employment was a significant predictor of ultrasound utilization in women with 2 or more affected relatives. Among women with only one affected relative, ultrasound use was strongly associated with the presence of ovarian cancer worries. Utilization of ovarian cancer screening among women at increased risk is influenced by psychological and sociodemographic factors, in addition to level of risk.
Adolescent↗
Recruiting high risk women into a breast cancer health promotion trial.
This study sought to identify factors that facilitate or hinder participation in a breast cancer health promotion trial among high-risk women. The subjects were 271 women ages 35 years and older who had a family history of breast cancer in at least one first-degree relative. All subjects were eligible for participation in a randomized trial which compares breast cancer risk counseling with general health counseling. Structured telephone interviews evaluated demographic characteristics, risk factors, risk perceptions, breast cancer concerns, and past screening practices. The results showed that education level was a key determinant of the importance of these factors in participation. Logistic regression modeling indicated that women with a high school education or less were most likely to participate if: (a) their relatives' diagnoses had greatly increased their perceptions of their personal risks [OR (OR) = 4.1], particularly if they perceived that risk to be very high (OR for interaction = 6.4); and (b) if they were ages 40-49 years versus 35-39 or 50 + years (OR = 2.6). By contrast, among women with education beyond high school, participation was predicted by (a) marital status (OR = 2.6), (b) employment (OR = 0.03 for employed), (c) number of affected relatives (OR = 0.07 for 1 versus 2 first-degree relatives), and (d) previous biopsy (OR = 0.42). These findings suggest that recruitment strategies that tailor messages to women's educational levels might be most effective.
Adult↗
Children fathered by previous partners: a risk factor for violence against women.
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Adult↗
Suicide levels in Cork City 1987/1991.
This study investigates the level of suicide in Cork City during the 5-year period 1987/1991. Both male and female crude rates were higher than the corresponding national levels. The male/female ratio was 2.3:1, which is consistent with established findings. Vulnerability to suicide is most pronounced in 20-39 year old males and females in the 40-59 age category. There was some evidence of an increased risk of suicide among single elderly males; otherwise marital status was not a significant factor. A positive association was noted between unemployment and suicide rate for males. Drowning was used as the method of suicide by approximately half the male and female sub-groups; this was followed by hanging in the case of males and overdosing among females. However all suicide cases under 20 years of age used hanging.
Adolescent↗