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Biomedical subjects

M Dallocchio

Publications and source records attributed to M Dallocchio.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Hypertensive cardiopathy: study of external tracings and noninvasive tests].

Hypertensive heart disease has been studied by means of the maximal exercise test, mechanographic techniques and echocardiography. The patients have been divided into three groups according to their electrocardiogram and the size of their heart as measured radiologically: I: normal ECG, normal size; II: ECG shows left atrial hypertrophy, heart of normal size; III: ECG shows left ventricular hypertrophy, heart is dilated. The total work on exercise decreases from group I to group III. The parameters of the pumping action (PEP/TEVG, VCF, FE) were identical in all three groups and were normal. The relationship A/H on the apexogram and the left ventricular mass/volume relationship on the echocardiogram increased from group I to group III. One possible interpretation of these findings suggests an alteration in diastolic compliance of the left ventricle in the early stages of hypertensive heart disease. The response to beta-blockers as measured on the echocardiogram also argue in favour of this theory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Isolated left anterior hemiblock during attacks of angina pectoris].

The clinical significance and mechanism for changes in the axis of the QRS complex during attacks of angina pectoris (excluding cases of Prinzmetal's angina) are unknown. Previous work has suggested that left anterior hemiblock under these circumstances is a sign of unstable angina indicating a lesion in the anterior descending artery. Two cases with left anterior hemiblock associated with frequent attacks of angina have been the subject of careful study. In case one, atrial stimulation tests showed that the left axis deviation was not related to tachycardia. It only occurred when atrial stimulation was carried out for long enough to induce myocardial ischaemia as witnessed by precordial pain and disorders of repolarisation. In case two, the left anterior hemiblock came on at first at the same time as the attacks of angina, and then became permanent. Bypass graft of the anterior descending artery restored the QRS axis to normal, and corrected the repolarisation disorders which were of ischaemic origin. These findings argue in favour of an ischaemic origin of this conduction defect. Unlike ischaemia of the left anterosuperior subbranch, anterior left hemiblock is indicative of extensive ischaemia of the anterior wall of the left ventricle relative to an obstruction in the anterior descending artery or in the main trunk of the left coronary artery.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Hypertensive cardiopathy. Study of cardiac performance].

Twenty-two hypertensive patients with normal coronary arteriograms underwent a complete study of left ventricular performance. The patients were classified into three groups according to the findings on X-ray and ECG investigation: group I--ECG normal, X-ray normal (6 cases); group II--ECG showed left atrial hypertrophy, X-ray normal (7 cases); group III-ECG showed left ventricular hypertrophy, X-ray showed cardiac dilatation (9 cases). The results of this study were as follows:--cardiac ouptut was lowered in groups II and III;--end-diastolic volume was lowered in group II and raised in group III;--LVEDP was raised in groups II and III;--V max and VEC max were lower in groups II and III than in group I;--left ventricular compliance was diminished in groups I and II. Myocardial rigidity of the left ventricle was similar in the three groups. Hypertensive heart disease is therefore characterised by early changes in compliance of the left ventricle. These are associated with geometrical changes in the ventricle: disturbance of the volume/mass ratio of the left ventricle. These findings have therapeutic implications for the importance of beta-blockers.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Importance of measuring blood volume by an isotope method in essential hypertension].

Measurement of the blood volume in cases of essential hypertension has shown a negative correlation with increase in blood pressure. We have been able to distinguish a group of moderate hypertensives who are hypervolemic, and whose systemic effect is more marked than in the moderate hypovolemic type. Such cases respond poorly to single drug therapy with beta blockers, but well to diuretics. The authors propose a general treatment scheme for essential hypertension: single therapy (beta blockers or diuretics) in mild cases of hypertension; single therapy by diuretics in the moderate types with the increased volume; single therapy by beta blockers in the moderate types with low volume, multiple treatment with the drugs together in cases of severe hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Reintervention after valve replacement surgery. Study of 358 cases].

There is still a place for conservative surgery in valvular disease of the heart to the extent that artificial prostheses have not yet been perfected sufficiently for them to be regarded as the method of choice. While these conservative operations are rarely applicable to the aortic valve, techniques such as Carpentier's ring occupy an important place in the treatment armamentarium for disorders of the mitral valve, and even more so of the tricuspid valve.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1976

[Ventricular tachycardia of the infant. 2 new cases].

Two new cases of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in the infant are reported, and reviewed in the light of the 23 case histories found in the literature. The diagnosis rests upon eliminating a pre-excitation syndrome, which is so common in this age group. The VTs found in infants are rapid, irregular, and take many different forms. They often necessitate urgent treatment with electric shocks. Preventive treatment consists of a combination of procainamide and beta-blockers in relatively large doses. The search for an aetiological agent should include a haemodynamic and angiocardiographic study of all the chambers of the heart to exclude cardiomyopathy, tumours, papyraceous right ventricle and congenital heart defects. Where no cause can be demonstrated, preventive treatment should be given, with regular electrical testing and other follow-up investigations. An attempt to reduce the drug dosage should be made every 6 months, in hospital. In cases which prove resistant despite adequate treatment, it seems justifiable to carry out a pericardial exploration with the aim of diathermising the ectopic focus; this approach is suggested because of the poor natural history of this type of case.

Electrocardiography↗