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Biomedical subjects

M Dürig

Publications and source records attributed to M Dürig.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Prospective study of complications of central venous catheters].

The complications of central venous catheters used for immediate postoperative nutrition and monitoring were evaluated in 120 patients. Two patients had to be excluded due to an irregular protocol. 149 central venous catheters were placed in the remaining 118 patients. As to the access, the subclavian vein was used in 72.3%, the v. jugularis interna in 18.9%. The catheters were in average 11.7 days in place giving a total of 1392 catheter days. The end of therapy was the most frequent reason for removal of the catheter (81.6%) followed by septic (4.1%) and mechanical problems (8.8%). Venous thrombosis was observed in 2 patients, and embolisation of a catheter fragment and acute infusothorax each in 1 patient. 13% of the catheters were found to be malpositioned, and malposition was identified as a risk factor for thrombosis.--It is concluded from the comparison of these results with the literature, that the central venous catheter for parenteral nutrition has a risk of complication greater than 5% and therefore requires a clear indication. X-ray-control of catheter position is obligatory and malpositioned catheters are to be corrected. If the parenteral regimen is low in glucose concentration and osmolarity, blood sampling and monitoring via the same central venous line does not appear to increase the rate of complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Prevention of radiation injuries to the small intestine.

The removable synthetic "pelvic spacer" prevents intestinal loops from sliding down into the area most heavily exposed to irradiation during a full course of radiotherapy for abdominopelvic neoplasia. Furthermore, it provides a homogeneous distribution of roentgenograms and allows higher dosages of radiation. It reduces possible sequelae and offers new possibilities for radiotherapy of tumors of the pelvis. The removal of the spacer is disadvantageous but clearly compensated by a more curative treatment.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Lymphocyte subsets in human peripheral blood after splenectomy and autotransplantation of splenic tissue.

Leucocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations and serum immunoglobulins were studied in 14 patients who underwent splenectomy for trauma, nine patients with an autologous replant of splenic tissue after traumatic rupture of the spleen, and 23 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Buffy coat cells were stained by direct or indirect immunofluorescence with goat antihuman F(ab')2 immunoglobulin (B cells), Leu-1 (T cells), Leu-2a (T suppressor cells), and Leu-3a (T helper cells). Leucocytes and lymphocyte subsets were analyzed in a cytofluorograf . After splenectomy, patients showed a marked increase in both monocytes (135%) and lymphocytes (137%), with a fourfold rise in B cells, a nearly twofold rise in T cells, a reduced T/B cell ratio, and an unchanged T helper/T suppressor cell ratio. The number of B cells was significantly related to the serum immunoglobulin M level (r = 0.807, p less than 0.001). Patients with an autologous replant had moderate monocytosis (35%) and lymphocytosis (42%), with a selective rise of B cells (60%) and T suppressor cells (75%), which led to a 50% reduction of the T helper/T suppressor cell ratio. The changes observed after splenectomy indicate the major role of the spleen in cellular homing. In patients with an autologous replant , there is a tendency for normal storage of most cells, but an altered contribution of T suppressor cells to the circulating pool.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Role of spleen in immune response to polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine.

The immune response of lymphocytes to subcutaneously administered pneumococcal vaccine was studied in five patients without spleens and in five healthy subjects. Seven days after immunisation circulating B cells synthesising IgG antipneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (anti-PCP) appeared in both groups. Twenty one days after vaccination this B cell population had disappeared and a B cell subset which secreted IgM and IgG anti-PCP in the presence of pokeweed mitogen was detected in the normal but not in the splenectomised subjects. In the splenectomised group polyclonal IgM synthesis induced by pokeweed mitogen was defective. It was concluded that the early events of the immune response to PCP may be mediated by lymph nodes but that, later, the spleen acquires a central role in producing lymphocyte subsets capable of synthesising specific antibodies and that this might explain the increased sensitivity of splenectomised subjects to pneumococcal infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Chemiluminescence of granulocytes and monocytes in diluted whole blood samples: a tumor marker?

Granulocytes and monocytes can attack malignant cells by activated oxygen species. They thereby emit photons which may be measured as chemiluminescence (CL). The zymosan-induced and luminol-amplified CL response of granulocytes and monocytes was measured in diluted whole blood samples of healthy volunteers and patients with benign and malignant disease. In tumor patients the CL activity was significantly stimulated. Following tumor reduction by radical or palliative operations, the CL values decreased to normal within weeks, whereas no response was seen after exploratory laparotomy without tumor reduction. Operations for benign disease did not influence the CL activity. The results suggest that the stimulation of CL activity in tumor patients is reversible. CL measurements in whole blood samples may play a future role as a nonspecific tumor marker.

Granulocytes↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of chemiluminescence in freshly drawn human blood. II. Clinical application of zymosan-induced chemiluminescence.

The aim of the present study was to investigate chemiluminescence (CL) of stimulated peripheral phagocytic cells (PC, i.e. granulocytes and monocytes) in patients with malignant disease at various stages. As a first step the zymosan-induced and luminol-amplified CL was determined in diluted whole blood samples from healthy volunteers. A characteristic daytime dependence of the CL activity was observed in six volunteers which had to be taken into account for blood sampling. The detectable CL was demonstrated to depend on the number of erythrocytes in the assay, but correction for this is not necessary for clinical investigation. The specific CL activity (activity related to 10(3) PC, was significantly but identically increased both in 1) patients with acute inflammatory disease and 2) in patients with carcinoma. The total CL activity (activity/microliter whole blood), however, was significantly increased in patients with acute inflammation as compared to the tumour group. This greatly reflects the leucocytosis of patients with acute inflammation. In a small number of patients with benign and malignant disease the CL of PC was measured both pre- and postoperatively. Operations in benign disease and palliative operations in malignancy did not influence the CL activity. In contrast, CL activity returned to normal after clinical cure by radical tumour resection.

Blood↗