Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M D Davis

Publications and source records attributed to M D Davis.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Antipyrine pharmacokinetics and D-glucaric excretion in kwashiorkor.

Hepatic microsomal oxidation and glucuronidation were studied in 15 children with kwashiorkor on admission to the hospital and again after 3 weeks of nutritional rehabilitation. Microsomal oxidation as measured by antipyrine half-life and clearance was shown to be depressed in the acute phase of malnutrition (T 1/2 = 7.9 +/- 5.0 hr, clearance = 8.4 +/- 5.1 ml/min) improving with nutritional rehabilitation (T 1/2 = 4.3 +/- 2.3 hr, clearance = 15.5 +/- 8.7 ml/min). Urinary D-glucaric acid excretion increased from 60.6 +/- 42.2 mumoles/24 hr to 121.8 +/- 105.0 mumoles/24 hr over the same time period. Evidence is thus presented that both hepatic microsomal oxidation and glucuronidation are depressed in the acute phase of kwashiorkor but recover with nutritional rehabilitation.

Antipyrine↗
PubMed1979

Gentamicin pharmacokinetics in kwashiorkor.

1 Single dose intravenous gentamicin kinetics (2.4 mg/kg) were studied in six children with kwashiorkor. It was observed, that therapeutic drug concentrations were achieved which should be neither oto- nor nephrotoxic. 2 Due to the diminished glomerular filtration and renal plasma flow seen in the acute phase of kwashiorkor, gentamicin half-life was prolonged (229.0 +/- 94.8 min) at this time returning to normal (178.5 +/- 99.5 min) with nutritional rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Prognosis for life in patients with diabetes: relation to severity of retinopathy.

In a group of 709 individuals with diabetes diagnosed prior to age 50 and followed for five to thirteen years a strong inverse relationship was demonstrated between the severity of the retinopathy at the initial visit and survival. Survival in patients with no retinopathy or with microaneurysms only was little different from that of the general population (five-year rate .99, SE .01). The five-year survival rate for patients with more severe nonproliferative retinopathy, characterized by the presence of hemorrhages and/or exudates, but without new vessels or vitreous hemorrhage (B2), was .81 (SE .04), and that for patients with proliferative retinopathy (PDR) was .56 (SE .03). After adjustment for age at diagnosis of diabetes, duration of diabetes and sex, the differences in survival between these three groups were highly statistically significant. Impairment of visual acuity was also shown to be inversely related to survival. The five-year survival rate for patients with visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in each eye was .42 (SE .05). In patients with B2 retinopathy there was a weak but statistically significant trend towards decreasing survival with increasing duration of diabetes. In patients with PDR survival decreased with increasing duration up to 20 years, but then improved for patients with 20 years or more of diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Pars intermedia electrical potentials: changes in spike frequency induced by regulatory factors of melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) secretion.

Spontaneous action potentials recorded from pars intermedia (PI) cells of frog pituitaries are correlated with spontaneous melanophore stimulating hormone (MSH) secretion from that gland. Those agents known to induce hormone release (e.g., serotonin, isoproterenol) increase the rate of electrical activity, whereas those which inhibit secretion (e.g., norepinephrine, dopamine, GABA) reduce the frequency of spikes. MSH secretion appears to involve cellular depolarization while inhibition of release is associated with cell membrane polarization.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1978

Amperometric determination of chloride with a rotating platinum electrode.

A titrimetric method for chloride analysis which uses a rotating platinum electrode for determining end points amperometrically was developed. It was found that sodium chloride solutions and both serum samples could be analyzed rapidly and accurately by this method. When a sodium chloride solution was added to a plasma sample, the recovery of the added chloride was 103 percent.

Chlorides↗
PubMed1977

Lomotil poisoning in children: two case reports.

Lomotil is a proprietary antidiarrhoeal agent in common use. Two cases of Lomotil poisoning, one of them fatal, are described. Symptoms are those of central nervous system depression and atropinism. Treatment consists of gastric emptying, administration of specific narcotic antagonists, cathartics and activated charcoal.

Atropine↗
PubMed1977

Clinicopathologic correlations in diabetic retinopathy. II. Clinical and histologic appearances of retinal capillary microaneurysms.

One eye of a 21-year-old patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy was available for clinicopathologic correlation. The fluorescent spots in a fluorescein angiogram were correlated with the changes in color fundus photographs and with the corresponding histologic findings in a trypsin digest preparation of the retina. A round, regular fluorescent spot was the most reliable diagnostic indicator of retinal capillary microaneurysms, although some microaneurysms appeared as irregular fluorescent spots, tiny fluorescent spots, or dark silhouettes with or without fluorescent halos. Very large fluorescent spots correlated with very large irregular pouches that may represent intraretinal neovascularization. Fluorescein angiography was considerably more sensitive than color fundus photography for the detection of retinal capillary microaneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Retinal ischemia in diabetic retinopathy.

Eight patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy developed extensive retinal arteriolar and capillary obstruction. Ophthalmoscopy showed many white, thread-like retinal arterioles associated with capillary and venous dilatation. Widespread retinal arteriolar and capillary nonperfusion was demonstrated by fluorescein angiography. Ischemic maculopathy resulted in severe loss of visual acuity in some eyes. The severe degree of retinal ischemia was accompanied by optic disc pallor and neovascularization and a high incidence of rubeosis iridis with neovascular glaucoma. Patients with this variety of diabetic retinopathy have a poor prognosis of retaining useful vision.

Adolescent↗