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Biomedical subjects

M D Cohen

Publications and source records attributed to M D Cohen.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Ultrasound diagnosis of liquid-filled lesions in children.

The ultrasound studies and clinical records of 93 children with cystic lesions have been reviewed. Ultrasound is extremely accurate in identifying the cystic nature of the lesions. Where precise anatomical localisation is possible the prediction of pathology is most accurate. Where anatomical localisation (e.g., in soft tissues, some abdominal sites) is more difficult the ultrasound will generate a good differential diagnosis and aid in planning additional investigations. Review of other investigations done showed that CT in 16 cases rarely yielded new information.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Peripheral arthritis in ankylosing spondylitis. A review of 209 patients followed up for more than 20 years.

Charts of 209 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were reviewed with regard to the occurrence of seronegative peripheral arthritis. Peripheral arthritis, excluding hip and shoulder involvement, occurred in 67 of the 209 patients (32%). No relationship was found between the age at onset of spondylitis and the onset of the peripheral arthritis. Among the 67 patients with peripheral arthritis, 19 (28%) had recurrent flares. X-ray findings similar to those of rheumatoid arthritis were seen in 22 patients (33%) with peripheral arthritis. Confusion about the cause of the peripheral arthritis frequently arose in patients who had the onset of the disease when the spondylitis was in remission.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1983

Lung nodules after whole lung radiation.

It is essential to recognize radiation pneumonitis after whole lung irradiation, or nodular changes in response to chemotherapy, so that such conditions are not mistaken for tumor metastases, causing grave error in patient management and the possibility of further lung damage.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Radiographic and scintigraphic skeletal imaging in patients with neuroblastoma: concise communication.

Bone scans, bone-marrow scans, and radiographic skeletal surveys have been reviewed in 40 children with neuroblastoma. Bone scans are the most sensitive method for detecting metastases and should be used first. The additional yield from a skeletal survey is very small, so it should be done only if the bone scan is negative and major therapeutic decisions are to be made. Bone-marrow scans provide a sensitive method of identifying metastases, and may help in staging a patient as stage IV when the bone scan is negative.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1982

Neonatal small left colon syndrome in twins.

There are no previous reports of small left colon syndrome in twins. Small left colon syndrome is reported in 2 sets of twins. In 1 set 1 twin had clinical and radiographic signs of small left colon syndrome. The sib was clinically normal and had no radiographic studies. In the other set, both twins had identical clinical and radiographic findings of hyperplastic left colon. This suggests a genetic and/or environmental intrauterine, rather than a postpartum etiology for the small left colon syndrome.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1982

Liver metastases in Wilms' tumour.

Fifty patients with Wilms' tumour have been reviewed to evaluate the incidence of liver metastasis in order to identify the optimum time and frequency for radiological investigation. Liver involvement occurred in 12% of our cases. The most rewarding periods for the diagnosis of liver metastasis are the first few months of the illness, the period immediately after stopping chemotherapy, or any time that lung metastases are identified. Liver scintigraphy is recommended as the initial investigation, and abnormal cases should proceed to ultrasound or computed tomography.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Late-onset peripheral joint disease in ankylosing spondylitis.

We reviewed the records of 150 patients with definite ankylosing spondylitis who had significant peripheral arthritis and were seronegative and found 7 patients who had the onset of peripheral arthritis after their spinal disease became inactive. This late-onset peripheral arthritis may lead to significant joint deformity, and aggressive therapy may be warranted.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Prolonged visualization of the gastrointestinal tract with metrizamide.

Excellent images of the bowel can be obtained for many days, and sometimes weeks, after oral administration of metrizamide unless it is evacuated via the rectum or a bowel perforation; the quality of images obtained with barium or hypertonic contrast agents (such as diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium) begins to deteriorate after several hours. The reasons for prolonged visualization of the bowel with metrizamide and its clinical applications are discussed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Clinical, radiographic and pathologic effects of Amipaque on rabbit lung. Comparison with barium and Gastrografin.

The effects of saline and 3 contrast media, Amipaque, Gastrografin and barium, were evaluated for 24 hours following intratracheal instillation in rabbits. Respiratory rates, serial chest films, and pathologic examination of the lungs demonstrated that Amipaque induced significantly less respiratory distress than the other 2 contrast media whereas inflammatory reactions were comparable for all of the media. Significant pulmonary edema occurred with both Amipaque and Gastrografin but was greater with Gastrografin. Both of these media were cleared from the lung within 24 hours, however barium continued to obstruct bronchi and fill alveolar air spaces. It is concluded that in comparison to Gastrografin and barium, Amipaque is relatively innocuous in the lung.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Absorption of intraperitoneally injected amipaque in the rabbit.

The appearances of intraperitoneally injected Amipaque and the absorption rate are described. At 30 min after injection the peritoneal concentration was decreased and the urinary tract began to fill. At one hour, almost all Amipaque had disappeared from the peritoneal cavity and the urinary tract was well demonstrated. As absorption of Amipaque from the gastrointestinal tract is minimal, bowel perforation is thus indicated if, after oral administration, it appears in either the peritoneal cavity or the urinary tract.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

Metrizamide in neonatal and childhood small bowel obstruction.

Metrizamide (Amipaque) has been used to image the bowel of four neonates and one older child with possible bowel obstruction. In each case, barium and hypertonic water-soluble agents, such as Gastrografin and Hypaque, were contraindicated. In each case, the metrizamide study provided unique formation altering the management of the patient. Metrizamide provides a new method of evaluating selected difficult cases of suspected bowel obstruction in the newborn, and in older children it may help to distinguish between postoperative ileus and mechanical obstruction.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Neonatal pneumoperitoneum without significant adventitious pulmonary air: use of metrizamide to rule out perforation of the bowel.

Pneumoperitoneum in the neonate may be due to air that has dissected from the chest. Four infants, in whom pneumoperitoneum, from thoracic air dissection, occurred in the absence of pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum are reported. The absence of abnormal collections of air in the chest is of no value in deciding whether a pneumoperitoneum is due to bowel perforation or air dissecting from the chest. Contrast bowel studies are needed in all cases of pneumoperitoneum in the infant to distinguish bowel perforation from intrathoracic origin of the air.

Humans↗