Meals-on-wheels in Hamilton: key is community involvement.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
M Cummings
Publications and source records attributed to M Cummings.
A comparison of two methods of delivering presurgical instructions.
A 2 x 2 factorial design was employed to test the effects on various indicators of postoperative recovery of surgical patients who had received preoperative instructions. A pamphlet and/or a nurse visit were used as delivery methods. The study population consisted of 50 patients who were scheduled for cholecystectomies. Patients were given information on the expected sequence of events on the day of surgery and instructions in postoperative self-care activities. Findings indicate that a differential effect of providing information was dependent on the patient's level of preoperative fear, with high-fear patients benefiting most from information. Patients in the high preoperative-fear group who received either the pamphlet or the pamphlet and a nurse visit had shorter postoperative hospitalizations, switched from injected to oral medication sooner, scored higher on an index of energy and movement, and rated their appetites as better when compared with patients in either the nurse-visit or control groups. However, among those who scored low in preoperative fear, patients in the control group had better recoveries from surgery than patients who received preoperative information. The study points out the need to perform an educational assessment of patients before information is provided.
Adult↗
Hands across the patient: primary team nursing in an ambulatory surgicenter.
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Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
Prevalence of genital pathogens among female prostitutes in New York City and in Rotterdam.
The authors studied the prevalence of genital microorganisms among 300 female prostitutes in brothels in New York City and 60 female prostitutes attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Rates of isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum in the two cities were 9.3% and 8.3%, 25.3% and 16.6%, 57.3% and 74.9%, and 73% and 79%, respectively. Trichomonas vaginalis was detected in 3.6% of New York prostitutes and in 16.6% of those in Rotterdam. Nonspecific vaginitis was found in 33% of prostitutes examined in New York. In New York, Asian prostitutes were more likely to be infected with C. trachomatis (33 of 102; 32.3%) than were prostitutes of other ethnic backgrounds (44 of 194; 21.5%; P less than .05.
Adult↗
Colonization of sexually abused children with genital mycoplasmas.
Although sexually abused children are usually evaluated only for the presence of infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Treponema pallidum, they are also at risk for acquiring other sexually transmitted organisms prevalent in the adult population. Accordingly, we examined pharyngeal, anorectal and genital specimens from 50 children who had been sexually abused and from 40 healthy children who served as controls; these specimens were cultured for Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum. M. hominis was isolated from the anorectal and vaginal cultures of 11 (23%) and 16 (34%), respectively, of 47 abused girls as compared with three (8%) and six (17%), respectively, of 36 controls. U. urealyticum was isolated from the anorectal and vaginal cultures of nine (19%) and 14 (30%), respectively, of the abused girls as compared with one (3%) and three (8%), respectively, of 36 controls. Colonization with genital mycoplasmas was not associated with any symptoms.
Adolescent↗
Comparative evaluation of ofloxacin and metronidazole in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The epidemiology and etiology of bacterial vaginosis is poorly understood. Many antimicrobial agents have been studied and suggested as treatment alternatives for this infection. Fluoroquinolones have in vitro activity against some of the organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis and may provide another treatment option. STUDY DESIGN: Women who presented with symptomatic bacterial vaginosis were randomly assigned to receive either oral ofloxacin 300 mg twice a day or oral metronidazole 500 mg twice a day for seven days. Twenty-seven of the 31 patients who were enrolled in this double-blinded study were evaluable. RESULTS: Fourteen women received ofloxacin. At follow-up, four had no residual symptoms, seven noted a reduction in symptoms, and three had no change in symptoms. Eight (57%) of the 14 women who received ofloxacin had secretions at follow-up that satisfied the criteria for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. Thirteen women received metronidazole. Nine had no residual symptoms and four noted a reduction in symptoms. Eleven (85%) of the 13 women had normal vaginal secretions and two (15%) had secretions that were improved. None of the women who received metronidazole had secretions at follow-up that met the criteria for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. CONCLUSION: We conclude that ofloxacin is less effective than metronidazole in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis.
Adult↗