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Biomedical subjects

M Cordes

Publications and source records attributed to M Cordes.

83 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Lissencephaly: diagnosis by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

A patient with Miller-Dieker-Syndrome, which is associated with lissencephaly, was examined by Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). While CT demonstrated the main features of lissencephaly, MRI detected disturbed myelination and cell migration in the cerebral hemispheres and a normal appearance of the cerebellum. MRI provides more accurate information of the pathomorphologic changes of lissencephaly and is thus superior to CT.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

[Prostatic cancer. Staging via transrectal prostatic sonography and computed tomography with histopathological correlation].

Pre-operative staging, using transrectal prostatic sonography and CT, was carried out in 30 patients with cytologically confirmed carcinomas of the prostate and the results compared with the clinical findings. All patients underwent radical prostatectomy and the pre-operative findings could be verified histologically. Transrectal prostatic sonography is better than CT or clinical examination for determining local tumour spread or penetration of the capsule. A high proportion of enlarged pelvic lymph-nodes shown by CT had non-specific changes; failure to demonstrate enlarged nodes excludes lymph node metastases with considerable certainty. Transrectal prostatic sonography provides a higher degree of information regarding local tumour spread, whereas CT indicates the presence or absence of lymph node metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol and influence on serum thyroid hormones in hyperthyroid patients.

Nine hyperthyroid patients (FT4 greater than or equal to 20 ng/L; FT3 greater than or equal to 6 ng/L) were given 1 X 10 mg bisoprolol/day p.o. for a period of 7 days. Pharmacokinetic data were derived from measurements of plasma bisoprolol concentrations after the first dose and at steady state after 7 days treatment. The thyroid hormones FT4, FT3, and rT3 were determined in the serum before and after bisoprolol treatment. In addition, subjective and objective parameters of thyroid function were recorded during the course of the therapy. The maximum bisoprolol concentrations measured after the first dose and after 7 days were 54.3 +/- 2.1 and 70.3 +/- 3.8 ng/ml, respectively, the minimum concentrations being 9.6 +/- 1.0 ng/ml and 11.9 +/- 1.7 ng/ml, respectively. This yields an accumulation factor of 1.2. At steady state, the plasma elimination half-life of bisoprolol was 9.8 +/- 0.9 h. No significant changes in serum thyroid hormones were observed during bisoprolol treatment. There was, however, an improvement in the subjective and objective clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism. In comparison with the findings in healthy volunteers, the pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol remained unaltered in mild to moderate hyperthyroid patients. After oral application of bisoprolol, only small variations in the plasma concentration were observed inter- and also intraindividually in the course of treatment. This finding reflects the high absolute bioavailability of bisoprolol.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drug smuggling by ingested cocaine-filled packages: conventional x-ray and ultrasound.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the imaging characteristics and the diagnostic value of both abdominal ultrasound and conventional abdominal x-ray in identifying ingested drug packages in "body packers." MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve individuals were studied prospectively by abdominal ultrasound and by abdominal x-ray to rule out incorporated drug containers. RESULTS: Both abdominal ultrasound and abdominal x-ray correctly identified the 7 of 12 individuals who had ingested multiple drug packages. In 5 of the 12 individuals, ultrasound as well as abdominal x-ray were correctly unremarkable with regard to abdominal foreign bodies. CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal ultrasound and abdominal x-ray both represent valuable diagnostic tools in the assessment of ingested drug packages. Abdominal x-ray is superior to ultrasound in differentiating ingested drug-filled condoms from "pseudocondoms."

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Initial experience with SPECT examinations using [123I]IBZM as a D2-dopamine receptor antagonist in Parkinson's disease.

[123I]IBZM is a new radioactive labelled ligand which has a high affinity and specificity to D2-dopamine receptors. The in vivo kinetics of [123I]IBZM were studied in patients with unilateral and bilateral accentuated idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The uptake in the basal ganglias and the imaging properties of this D2 receptor antagonist as a radiopharmaceutical for SPECT examinations had to be investigated. 5 patients, aged 42-66 years, (2 m/3 f) were examined. Each patient received 185 MBq [123I]IBZM intravenously. Blood samples were taken 0-120 min post injection (p.i.) and time activity curves were plotted. Three SPECT examinations were performed (I: 30-50 min; II: 50-70 min; and III: 70-90 min p.i.). The count rates (counts/pixel) in the basal ganglias and the cerebellum were measured for each SPECT series on transverse slices using the region-of-interest technique. The time-activity curve of [123I]IBZM shows a rapid decline in plasma during the first 10 min followed by a plateau until 120 min after injection. The SPECT examinations demonstrate the highest count rate in the basal ganglia during SPECT series III (i.e., 70-90 min p.i.). The side-to-side difference of the count rates were in the range of 3% in four patients, and 10% in one patient. The biokinetic data of [123I]IBZM make this substance capable as a radiopharmaceutical for SPECT examinations. The basal ganglia are best visualized 70-90 min p.i., thus [123I]IBZM seems to be a promising imaging agent for diseases of the D2-dopaminergic receptor system.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subacute and chronic cerebral infarctions: SPECT and gadolinium-DTPA enhanced MR imaging.

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) examinations of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were carried out in 23 patients with 19 subacute and 7 chronic cerebral infarctions. Corresponding magnetic resonance (MR) examinations (unenhanced and contrast enhanced scans) were done within a time interval of 2 days. Although all subacute lesions showed an increased rCBV, the rCBF could be either increased or decreased. Contrast enhancement in MR was associated with increased rCBV but not with increased rCBF. In all chronic lesions rCBV and rCBF were decreased and there was no contrast enhancement detectable in MR. The application of Gd-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid as contrast agent in MR demonstrates blood-brain barrier disruption as focal or gyral contrast enhancement in cerebral infarction. The SPECT examinations revealed an increased rCBV indicating a vasodilation or vasoparalysis. The rCBF was either increased or decreased depending on the collateral formation or recanalization of occluded vessels.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of focal epilepsy: a SPECT scanning comparison of 123-I-iomazenil versus HM-PAO.

PURPOSE: To establish whether regional disturbances of the benzodiazepine receptor distribution in focal epilepsies can be detected by SPECT using 123-I-Iomazenil. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Benzodiazepine receptor imaging was carried out in 10 patients interictally. To be eligible for this study the patients had to have a history of focal seizures and no evidence of routine imaging abnormalities as in CT or MR. The patients were selected on the basis of a regional decreased blood flow in HMPAO SPECT that correlated with the site of a stable unifocal EEG abnormality. Benzodiazepine receptor imaging was performed after intravenous administration of approximately 110 MBq 123-I-Iomazenil using SPECT. RESULTS: A regional reduced activity was found on sequential SPECT series after 30 and 90 min post injection in the receptor study. The brain region with a reduced receptor density was concordant to the pathologic finding in HMPAO SPECT in all patients. CONCLUSION: For the evaluation of patients with focal epilepsies lomazenil SPECT offers several advantages over HMPAO SPECT. Iomazenil binds specifically to the benzodiazepine receptor complex whereas the exact binding sites of HMPAO are still unknown. In contrast to HMPAO, lomazenil can be used for sequential SPECT examinations that may detect dynamic changes of the receptor complex. For the purpose of benzodiazepine receptor imaging, lomazenil is a suitable ligand in patients with focal epilepsies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Focal epilepsies: HM-PAO SPECT compared with CT, MR, and EEG.

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was evaluated quantitatively by 99mTc hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime and single photon emission CT (SPECT) during the interictal phase in 52 patients with focal epilepsy. The results were compared with those obtained by electroencephalography (EEG), CT, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Twenty-four of the 52 patients had one area of local hypoperfusion whereas 7 patients showed an area of local hyperperfusion. In 20 of the 52 patients, both reduced and elevated rCBF values were found. One patient had a normal perfusion pattern. The SPECT findings correlated well with the foci shown by EEG, both with regard to the sides affected and the locations of the regions of altered perfusion. The MR images showed focal lesions in only approximately one-half of the patients examined, and CT in even fewer.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Coxal femoral fractures--surgical management and internal medicine-cardiologic concomitant therapy in geriatric patients. 1. Surgical procedure and postoperative follow-up].

246 patients (average age 82.4 years) with proximal femur fractures treated with bipolar endoprothesis, sliding lag screw or Ender nailing, related to the fracture type were analyzed in a retrospective study. Preexistent diseases, duration of operation, postoperative complications, transfusions, hospital stay, mobility achieved and mortality were noted. As a result, we found a high multimorbidity related to the age, the highest requirement of transfusions in patients undergoing Ender nailing, a long period to achieve postoperative mobility, a long hospital stay, and increasing mortality with average age and average hospital stay.

Aged↗