Biomedical subjects

M Condorelli

Publications and source records attributed to M Condorelli.

442 records · Page 25Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Pathophysiological basis of the treatment of ischemic heart disease.

In this paper we review the main mechanisms leading to primary and secondary ischemic attacks, the clinical manifestations of ischemic heart disease as well as the goals of treatment. Particular attention is paid to the neurohormonal regulation of coronary blood flow. The most recent advances in this field, achieved in our laboratory too, should permit important progress in the treatment of ischemic disease. The influence of chemical mediators on coronary circulation and the pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects of myocardial reperfusion injury and silent myocardial ischemia are also discussed. Finally, we present our experience with two modern therapeutic approaches to ischemic heart disease: coronary angioplasty and thrombolytic therapy.

Angina Pectoris↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Fibrinogen and antithrombin III in obese subjects].

The study aimed to evaluate the behaviour of two pre-thrombotic markers (hyperfibrinogenemia and hypoanti-thrombinemia) in obesity which is considered a factor of atherogenous risk. Ninety-three obese subjects were included in the study (29 M, 64 F, mean age 55 +/- 6, BMI 33 +/- 1), including 62 Type 2 diabetics. The following were assayed in each subject: glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides (enzymatic method), fibrinogen (coagulometric method) and anti-thrombin III (chromogenic method). Results were assessed in relation to sex, age (0-50, 51-65, over 65), BMI (upto 30, 31-35, over 35), waist/hip ratio (upto 0.95, 0.96-1.02, over 1.02), cholesterolemia (upto 200, 201-250, over 250 mg%) and triglyceridemia (upto 150, 151-200, over 200 mg%). A significant increase (0.05) in fibrinogenemia was observed in the subjects aged between 51-65, with BMI above 35, with an intermediate waist/hip ratio (0.96-1.02) and with cholesterolemia over 250 mg%; reduced values of anti-thrombin III were found in subjects over 65 years old and with the lowest waist-hip ratio (upto 0.95); no significant data were obtained for the other parameters and for the correlation between fibrinogen and anti-thrombin III. The pro-thrombotic importance of hyperfibrinogenemia is underlined in obese subjects; this is proportional to age, to the degree of overweight and levels of cholesterolemia, even if equivocal results emerge with regard to the "android" variety. The reduction of anti-thrombin III is correlated to senility and, surprisingly, to the gynoid-type waist/hip ratio.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Recovery systolic blood pressure response after treadmill exercise procedures. Evidence against its usefulness in detecting coronary artery disease.

We compared the response of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) recovery ratio (obtained by dividing the SBP recovery values by the peak exercise values) during a treadmill exercise test in patients with chest pain and an angiographically normal coronary tree (n = 18) (C group), one or more greater than or equal to 70% stenosed major coronary vessel and normal resting ejection fraction (n = 26) (CAD group) or depressed left ventricular function (ejection fraction less than 40%) (n = 15) (CAD DYS group). The mean values of SBP recovery ratios were, in the three groups: 0.93 +/- 0.07, 0.97 +/- 0.07, 0.95 +/- 0.09, respectively, at the 1st min and 0.83 +/- 0.08, 0.88 +/- 0.09, 0.86 +/- 0.08, at the 3rd min. There are no significant differences in the CAD or CAD DYS group versus the C group, because of large overlapping of points in the plot. The post-exercise SBP response during treadmill procedures cannot provide the opportunity for differentiation of CAD patients with or without left ventricular dysfunction at rest from subjects with chest pain and normal coronary tree, while upright bicycle exercise, as we previously observed, can.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of oral salt load on arginine-vasopressin secretion in normal subjects.

Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) plays an important role in regulating water balance in humans. Its secretion is under control of several mechanisms, some of which are not completely understood. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an acute oral salt load on AVP secretion in normal subjects. Six normal volunteers received 350 mEq of NaCl per os. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and right atrial pressure, plasma AVP, plasma sodium and potassium concentration, plasma osmolality, hematocrit, urinary sodium and potassium excretion, and urinary flow were measured at baseline and every 30 minutes for two hours after the salt load. Hemodynamics as well as urinary sodium and potassium excretion did not change over the study. Ninety minutes after the salt load, plasma AVP increased from the basal value of 6.0 +/- 0.9 pg per ml to 10.1 +/- 1.2 pg per ml (mean +/- SE, p less than 0.005) and a significant reduction in diuresis of about 50% was observed. However, plasma osmolality and plasma sodium concentration increased significantly only 120 min after the salt load, from the initial value of 277.7 +/- 2.2 mOsm per kg and 145.3 +/- 1.4 mEq per 1 (mean +/- SE) to 284.8 +/- 2.5 mOsm per kg and 148.7 +/- 1.5 mEq per 1, respectively (p less than 0.01). Ninety minutes after the salt load, no correlation was found between plasma osmolality and plasma AVP concentration, indicating that AVP secretion was independent of changes in systemic blood osmolality.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied