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Biomedical subjects

M Coculescu

Publications and source records attributed to M Coculescu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

LH and FSH levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of human fetus.

The concentration of LH and FSH was measured in the fetal blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 4 human fetuses between 21 and 24 weeks old. A comparison was made with 6 post menopausal females. In one fetus the serum and CSF levels of both hormones were determined after administration of 200 micrograms LRH and 400 micrograms TRH. The mean serum fetal levels of LH and FSH of 76.6 mIU/ml (range, 29.5-152.0) and 30.5 mIU/ml (range 3.1-60.3), respectively, were not significantly different from those of postmenopausal females, whereas the fetal CSF levels of these hormones were significantly higher (p less than 0.02) than those of post menopausal females. The serum to CSF ratios for the fetal LH and FSH were 4.6 +/- 1.1 and 2.4 +/- 0.61 respectively, significantly different (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.001 respectively) from those of post menopausal females (29.1 +/- 6.6 for LH and 50.9 +/- 10.9 for FSH). In one fetus LRH did not provoke any change in circulating FSH and LH level 20 min. after administration, while a slight increase of these hormone in the CSF was observed. These data suggest that the permeability of blood-CSF barrier to gonadotropins in the fetus seems to be higher than in the adult who has no blood-CSF barrier (B--CSF--B) alterations.

Blood-Brain Barrier↗
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Altered specificity of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier for pituitary hormones in patients with tumoral hypothalamo-hypophyseal diseases as proved by releasing hormones stimulation.

Growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and gonadotropins (LH and FSH) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum were radioimmunologically measured in basal condition in 75 cases and during the stimulation with releasing hormones in 24 of cases, i.e. with TRH plus LRH i.v. Samples were obtained from 75 patients of the following groups: A. control group of 9 patients without endocrine diseases; B. 8 patients with nontumoral diseases, of whom 4 with organic cranial diabetes insipidus and 4 with empty sella syndromes; C. 36 patients with invasive tumors i.e. 6 hypothalamic metastatic carcinomas and 300 invasive pituitary adenomas; D. 22 patients with enclosed tumors, i.e. 1 suprasellar dermoid cyst and 21 enclosed pituitary adenomas. Minimum 3 pituitary hormones were measured in each analyzed sample, and only those hormones, not secreted by the tumoral cells, were analyzed for their differential penetration into the CSF. An increase of the permeability of the blood-CSF barrier (BCB) was frequently observed in the group of invasive tumors and occasionally in the other tumoral or non-tumoral groups. The serum/CSF ratios of gonadotropins become significantly lower than the ratios of GH and PRL in the invasive groups (p less than 0.02), and here the CSF level was correlated to the increases of the serum levels during LRH plus TRH i.v. test only for gonadotropins. These data suggest that the specificity of BCB is not lost, but altered by the tumors of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal region, with an increase of the permeability for gonadotropins more than for GH or PRL.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Angiotensin I-like immunoreactive substance in pineal gland of normal and Brattleboro rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus.

An angiotensin I-like immunoreactive substance (AI) was evidenced by a radioimmunoassay technique in the rat brain. The concentration of AI was significantly greater in the pineal tissue as compared to the hypothalamic or cerebral cortex tissue (p less than 0.001); its concentration was also higher in the pineal of the homozygous rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain) as compared to the same tissue of the normal rats (p less than 0.001). The possible role of a pineal angiotensin system in the hydrosaline regulation is discussed.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High level of human growth hormone (HGH) in cerebrospinal fluid patients with pituitary tumors.

Six patients with suprasellar extension of pituitary HGH-secreting tumors showed the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) content in human growth hormone (HGH) to be very high, i.e. 164.3 +/- muU/ml (mean +/- SEM) (range 8.4--413.8 muU/ml) as compared to ten patients with uncomplicated acromegaly whose values were 50-fold lower, i.e. 3.4 +/- 0.5 muU/ml (range 0.6--7.0 muU/ml), and nine patients with suprasellar extension of other pituitary tumors, showing also low levels of HGH in the CSF, i.e. 2.9 +/- 0.8 muU/ml (range 0.6--7.2 muU/ml). A control group of 29 normal patients without pituitary or brain diseases showed extremely low values of HGH in the CSF (1.9 +/- 0.2 muU/ml), one third being below the sensitivity limit of the assay method. Another control group of 70 patients with hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (n = 18), brain traumatisms (n = 10), brain surgery (n = 20), as well as various brain diseases (n = 22), also showed low HGH levels in the CSF, like the normal control group. It is shown that a high level of HGH in the CSF has a potential usefulness in the diagnosis of suprasellar extension of the pituitary mass in acromegaly.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of DDAVP in cranial diabetes insipidus as compared to other antidiuretic drugs.

Five antidiuretic drugs were administered in each of twenty patients with cranial diabetes insipidus (DI). A daily intranasal dose of 10 microgram DDAVP (Adiuretin) produced longer and stronger antidiuretic effects than the posterior pituitary snuff, containing 100 microgram AVP, and than 12.5 microgram synthetic LVP spray, but a shorter antidiuresis than 12.5 microgram vasopressin tannate in oil, administered intramuscularly, antidiuresis lasting 14, 6, 4 and 36 hs respectively. Chlorpropamide produced an inconstant and less potent antidiuresis. 10microgram DDAVP given per nostril twice a day cancelled completely and without side effects DI in five patients with bronchospastic reaction to-pituitary snuff; the same daily dose was sufficient for the safe treatment of two DI women along pregnancy and lactation periods. It is recommended to use DDAVP as elective drug for the treatment of cranial DI.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and hormonal development of a case of malignant exophthalmus after hypophyseal myskiotomy].

A pituitary myskiotomy was performed in a 26-years old man with Graves' disease and progressive exophtalmus. At the onset of Graves' disease a high level of serum TSH, LATS and thyroid hormones was found. Following pituitary miskiotomy a stationary exophtalmus and other signs of Graves' disease have been recorded. The serum levels of LATS and thyroid hormones were high. The serum concentration of TSH decreased to a level undetectable even after the TRH stimulation test. It is discussed the pathogenesis of Graves' disease: its onset due to neuroendocrine disturbances (S. M. Milcu) and its evolution due to autoimmune mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bromocriptine treatment of pituitary adenomas. Evaluation of withdrawal effect.

Forty patients wtih pituitary adenomas, i.e. 22 prolactinomas, 13 acromegalies, 5 non-secreting adenomas, were submitted to bromocriptine therapy 19.3 +/- 1.7 mg/day (mean +/- SEM) (range 7.5-40.0 mg/day) for 5 to 41 months (10.1 +/- 1.31). Remission of the tumoral mass was documented by air tomograms (PETG) or computerized tomograms (CT) in all but one prolactinomas and in 2 mixed HGH and PRL-secreting adenomas. Six empty sella syndromes (ESS) were produced, 4 of them during primary chemotherapy. Serum PRL decreased to normal in all but 3 prolactinomas, and serum HGH levels in 5 out of 13 acromegalies. Bromocriptine withdrawal was followed by a rapid increase of serum PRL into the pathological range, without a rapid reexpansion of the tumoral remnants: GT or surgical exploration of 4 cases, remitted until ESS showed a minimal evolution along 8 months after bromocriptine withdrawal. It is suggested that the antitumoral effect of bromocriptine is specific to lactotrophic cells and at least partially irreversible.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Etiology of cranial diabetes insipidus in 164 adults.

The etiology of cranial diabetes insipidus (CDI) in adult patients has been studied in 164 cases hospitalized in the "G. I. Parhon" Institute of Endocrinology, over the last 10 years. Of those, 109 cases (66,9%) had the idiopathic form whereas 55 had secondary CDI. In the latter group, the most frequently encountered etiologies were traumatic (surgical and accidental head trauma) and tumoral (the primary hypothalamo-pituitary tumors and the metastatic ones had the same incidence). Sex distribution shows males and females to be equally affected. Fifteen cases (9,2%) showed associated allergic syndromes due to the wide use of posterior pituitary powder in Romania. The association of pregnancy with CDI was observed in 13 patients, and a normal evolution of gestation and delivery in 9 patients under therapy with desmopressin (DDAVP). The authors suggest that, at present, there is an increasing incidence both of posttraumatic CDI in adults and of well borne pregnancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Progressive "empty sella" syndrome, gonadotropins deficiency and congenital aqueductal stenosis. Case report.

A 23-year old woman had both the empty sella syndrome (ESS) and congenital stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius, diagnosed by fractionated pneumencephalography. A progressive increase of the pituitary fossa followed a brisk intracranial hypertension. Dynamic pituitary function tests show a secondary gonadotropin deficiency. The role of intracranial pressure in the pathogenesis of "empty sella" syndrome, as well as the necessity to investigate by pneumencephalography all the patients with progressive enlargement of sella turcica and secondary pituitary deficiency are suggested.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoreactive insulin in haemolyzed erythrocytes of normal humans.

Immunoreactive insulin level (IRI) in haemolyzed (HE) of normal fasting subjects was 49.2 +/- 3.5 microU/ml. It was approximately 5 times higher compared within the plasma levels of the same subjects. Recovery and dilution tests for insulin in HE were positive. After an intravenous glucose load IRI in HE decreased to 14.3 +/- 3.6 microU/ml with 5 minutes and was low during 1 hour after glucose administration. Authors results suggest the presence of insulin in human erythrocytes and it release from erythrocytes during the first phase after glucose loading.

Adult↗