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Biomedical subjects

M Chung

Publications and source records attributed to M Chung.

176 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Comparison of netilmicin and gentamicin pharmacokinetics in humans.

In a crossover study, single doses of netilmicin and gentamicin were administered intramuscularly, each at 1.0 and 2.5 mg/kg. The serum concentrations, analyzed by a two-compartment open model with a first-order absorption, indicated that the pharmacokinetics of the drugs are essentially the same. Both drugs were rapidly absorbed and distributed after administration. No significant differences were observed between the two drugs in disposition half-life, rate of distribution and elimination, area under the serum concentration-time curve, urinary excretion, total body clearance, and renal clearance. After 1.0 mg/kg, the maximum serum concentration of netilmicin (5.18 microgram/ml) was only slightly lower than that for gentamicin (5.76 microgram/ml), but no difference was found after the 2.5-mg/kg dose.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiple-dose albuterol kinetics.

Albuterol, a beta-adrenergic agonist bronchodilator, was studied in 12 healthy male volunteers to evaluate the steady-state pharmacokinetics following oral administration of 4-mg tablets, given every six hours for five days. The kinetics of albuterol were best described by a two-compartment open model with first-order absorption kinetics. Steady-state plasma levels were predictable from the kinetic data and were reached by the third day of dosing (ninth and tenth dose). Small accumulation ratios of approximately two were seen based on area under the plasma concentration-time curve and maximal and minimal concentration data. The elimination phase half-life was determined to be 6.5 hours, which is similar to the values reported following single-dose administration.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predictors of neonatal mortality in 1,500-1,999 g premature infants with respiratory failure. Basis for ECMO Therapeutic Trial.

Despite the introduction of new ventilation techniques and surfactant therapy, some premature infants still experience severe respiratory failure and either die or survive with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is currently not offered for preterm infants with a birth weight less than 2,000 g, mainly because of the potential high risk for intracranial hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to determine risk predictors for mortality alone and for mortality or major lung morbidity in 1,500-1,999 g premature infants with respiratory failure. We reviewed the medical records of all preterm infants (n = 459) with respiratory failure and a birth weight of 1,500-1,999 g treated at five medical centers from 1989 to 1991. Of those infants, 23 (5%) had severe respiratory failure, defined as a requirement for ventilatory support with the fraction of inspired oxygen > or = 0.8 or peak inspiratory pressure > or = 30 cmH2O for > or = 3 hr in the 1st week of life. A mortality of > or = 75% was associated with a single arterial/alveolar oxygen ratio < or = 0.04; pulmonary air leak alone or pulmonary air leak with a mean airway pressure > or = 12 cmH2O; and arterial oxygen tension < or = 50 mmHg. These risk predictors may provide a basis for the selection of patients for future clinical trials of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in this high-risk group of 1,500-1,999 g premature infants with severe respiratory failure.

Body Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reducing home nursing visit costs using a remote access infusion pump system.

The use of a remote access infusion pump system in patients receiving intravenous therapy in the home provided a method to monitor patients and to reduce the number of unscheduled and after-hours nursing visits. Option Care of Rockwall, Texas, a locally owned IV company that is part of a national network, was able to avoid 13 nursing visits during a 4-month period with patients receiving pain management or continuous heparin therapy with the use of an infusion pump system that allowed remote access by telephone. An appreciable cost savings was documented with the use of this device.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disposition and metabolic fate of 14C-quazepam in man.

The absorption, metabolism, and excretion of quazepam, a new benzodiazepine hypnotic, was investigated in six normal male volunteers after oral administration of 25 mg 14C-quazepam in solution. Quazepam was well absorbed. Plasma radioactivity peaked (324.6 ng quazepam eq/ml) 1.75 hr postdose. Unchanged quazepam reached its maximum plasma level (148 ng/ml) at 1.5 hr with an apparent absorption half-life of 0.4 hr. Major plasma metabolites of quazepam were 2-oxoquazepam (OQ), obtained by replacement of S by O,N-desalkyl-2-oxoquazepam (DOQ), and 3-hydroxy-2-oxoquazepam (HOQ) glucuronide. Both OQ and DOQ are pharmacologically active. Plasma elimination half-lives for quazepam, OQ, DOQ, and radioactivity were 39, 40, 69, and 76 hr, respectively. The respective AUC (120 hr) values were 715, 438, 3323, and 11402 hr X ng/ml. Approximately 54% of the radioactive dose was excreted in the urine (31.3%) and feces (22.7%) over a 5-day period. HOQ glucuronide was the major urinary metabolite of quazepam. Other metabolites present in the urine in relatively large amounts were glucuronides of DOQ and HDOQ.

Adult↗