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Biomedical subjects

M Chavance

Publications and source records attributed to M Chavance.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Antibodies to HTLV-I p24 in sera of blood donors, elderly people and patients with hemopoietic diseases in France and in French West Indies.

Human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a type-C retrovirus originally isolated from patients with leukemia or lymphoma involving mature T lymphocytes. Epidemiological studies have shown that HTLV-I infection occurs not only in leukemic but also in normal people in at least two areas of the world: the Caribbean basin and the South-West of Japan. We report here the results of a large seroepidemiological study of HTLV-I infection in normal French blood donors, elderly subjects living in institutions and patients with various malignant hemopathies, obtained by the classical HTLV-I p24 radioimmunoassay. We were unable to demonstrate antibodies to HTLV-I in 510 sera from French volunteer blood donors born and living in continental France or in sera from 262 blood donors born in other countries (mainly in Europe and North Africa) and living in continental France at the time of collection. In contrast, among 131 sera from blood donors born in French overseas territories (French Guiana, French West Indies, and Reunion) but living at the time of collection in continental France, 2 (1.5%) were found to possess anti-HTLV-I antibodies. In a sample of 2,597 blood donors from Martinique, 39 (1.5%) were positive. A positive correlation with age was observed whereas no statistical relationship was found between HTLV-I antibodies and sex, red cell blood groups or the place of residence in Martinique. On the other hand, a very high level of positive values was observed in Martinique among old people living in institutions, 14% of those aged over 60 years being positive. HTLV-I-associated hematological malignancies have not been observed in patients born and living in continental France whereas a large number exist in the French West Indies. In the same area, the presence of anti-HTLV-I antibodies in 12% of patients with myeloma, a typical B-cell disease, merits attention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Detection of specific antibodies for HTLV in French blood donors].

HTLV infection was detected in normal French blood donors and haemophiliac patients using HTLV p24 radio-immunoassay. No positive was found in 772 sera from continental blood donors born in continental France or in foreign countries. Among 131 donors living in continental France and born in overseas territories, 2 (1.5%) were found to possess anti-HTLV p24 antibodies. Similarly in a sample of 1 239 donors collected in Martinique, 1.5% were positive. No positive had been found in a sample of 142 continental haemophiliacs.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1983

Critical study of staging in multiple myeloma.

130 patients with multiple myeloma were reviewed for a retrospective study of their classification according to Durie & Salmon. No significant difference was found in survival between patients in stages I, II and III (median survival 24.8, 32.1, and 17.3 months, respectively). Of the classical criteria affecting survival, only the Hb level showed any significant influence (P less than 0.04). In accordance with this finding, the survival time was much shorter (P less than 0.001) in patients with renal failure than in patients without (median survival 7.4 and 24.8 months, respectively); in addition, thrombopenia, fever, old age, and above all, the % of bone-marrow plasmocytes present, were shown to be decisive factors.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1978

[EEG spectral analysis in normal children between the ages of 6 to 16. Choice and validation of the most significant parameters].

Numerous parameters have been proposed in order to describe the EEG power spectrum. Within the scope of an EEG study on the normal child between 6 and 16 years of age, the following problem had to be solved: given a group of 19 variables measured on 232 subjects in 5 situations, which of these variables best describe the population under examination. The algorithm proposed to answer this question is based on principal component analysis on the correlation matrix. Only 4 parameters are necessary to describe the EEG of a normal child of 6 to 16 years--these are Hjorth's parameters (activity, mobility and first order complexity) and alpha band power. They allow the observation of individual differences and the quantification for a given subject of the reaction to eyes opening, sensitivity to hyperventilation or even reactions that are difficult to perceive visually such as those resulting from doing arithmetic or vocabulary tests.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Electroencephalographic approach to lateralization in children].

Electroencephalograms were recorded in 76 normal children between 10-12 years of age and several parameters were calculated from the results of spectral analysis. Sections of recordings which were free of artefacts, taken under different conditions (eyes open, eyes closed and during tests of mental arithmetic and vocabulary with the eyes closed were analysed. In these normal children, there was significant asymmetry of the alpha 1, beta 1, theta rhythms, and related parameters at rest, but the asymmetry was not necessarily found to correlate with the laterality of hand, eye, foot or all three. Vocabulary, and to a greater extent arithmetic significantly decreased alpha rhythms. Arithmetic affected both hemispheres equally but vocabulary depressed the alpha rhythms more obviously on the left.

Alpha Rhythm↗